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Diffstat (limited to 'doc/gawk.texi')
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/gawk.texi | 59 |
1 files changed, 36 insertions, 23 deletions
diff --git a/doc/gawk.texi b/doc/gawk.texi index 4bb18413..1500c045 100644 --- a/doc/gawk.texi +++ b/doc/gawk.texi @@ -3252,6 +3252,32 @@ need to read the rest of the @value{DOCUMENT} to become an @command{awk} expert! Most of the examples use a @value{DF} named @file{data}. This is just a placeholder; if you use these programs yourself, substitute your own @value{FN}s for @file{data}. + +@cindex @command{ls} utility +Some of the following examples use the output of @w{@samp{ls -l}} as input. +@command{ls} is a system command that gives you a listing of the files in a +directory. With the @option{-l} option, this listing includes each file's +size and the date the file was last modified. Its output looks like this: + +@example +-rw-r--r-- 1 arnold user 1933 Nov 7 13:05 Makefile +-rw-r--r-- 1 arnold user 10809 Nov 7 13:03 awk.h +-rw-r--r-- 1 arnold user 983 Apr 13 12:14 awk.tab.h +-rw-r--r-- 1 arnold user 31869 Jun 15 12:20 awkgram.y +-rw-r--r-- 1 arnold user 22414 Nov 7 13:03 awk1.c +-rw-r--r-- 1 arnold user 37455 Nov 7 13:03 awk2.c +-rw-r--r-- 1 arnold user 27511 Dec 9 13:07 awk3.c +-rw-r--r-- 1 arnold user 7989 Nov 7 13:03 awk4.c +@end example + +@noindent +The first field contains read-write permissions, the second field contains +the number of links to the file, and the third field identifies the +file's owner. The fourth field identifies the file's group. The fifth +field contains the file's size in bytes. The sixth, seventh, and eighth +fields contain the month, day, and time, respectively, that the file +was last modified. Finally, the ninth field contains the @value{FN}. + For future reference, note that there is often more than one way to do things in @command{awk}. At some point, you may want to look back at these examples and see if @@ -3432,28 +3458,14 @@ ls -l | awk '$6 == "Nov" @{ sum += $5 @} @cindex @command{ls} utility This command prints the total number of bytes in all the files in the current directory that were last modified in November (of any year). -The @w{@samp{ls -l}} part of this example is a system command that gives -you a listing of the files in a directory, including each file's size and the date -the file was last modified. Its output looks like this: - -@example --rw-r--r-- 1 arnold user 1933 Nov 7 13:05 Makefile --rw-r--r-- 1 arnold user 10809 Nov 7 13:03 awk.h --rw-r--r-- 1 arnold user 983 Apr 13 12:14 awk.tab.h --rw-r--r-- 1 arnold user 31869 Jun 15 12:20 awkgram.y --rw-r--r-- 1 arnold user 22414 Nov 7 13:03 awk1.c --rw-r--r-- 1 arnold user 37455 Nov 7 13:03 awk2.c --rw-r--r-- 1 arnold user 27511 Dec 9 13:07 awk3.c --rw-r--r-- 1 arnold user 7989 Nov 7 13:03 awk4.c -@end example -@noindent -@cindex line continuations @subentry with C shell -The first field contains read-write permissions, the second field contains -the number of links to the file, and the third field identifies the file's owner. -The fourth field identifies the file's group. -The fifth field contains the file's size in bytes. The -sixth, seventh, and eighth fields contain the month, day, and time, +As a reminder, the output of @w{@samp{ls -l}} gives you a listing of the +files in a directory, including each file's size and the date the file +was last modified. The first field contains read-write permissions, +the second field contains the number of links to the file, and the +third field identifies the file's owner. The fourth field identifies +the file's group. The fifth field contains the file's size in bytes. +The sixth, seventh, and eighth fields contain the month, day, and time, respectively, that the file was last modified. Finally, the ninth field contains the @value{FN}. @@ -3546,6 +3558,7 @@ lines in the middle of a regular expression or a string. @c solaris 2.7 nawk does not. Solaris /usr/xpg4/bin/awk does though! sigh. @cindex @command{csh} utility +@cindex line continuations @subentry with C shell @cindex backslash (@code{\}) @subentry continuing lines and @subentry in @command{csh} @cindex @code{\} (backslash) @subentry continuing lines and @subentry in @command{csh} @quotation CAUTION @@ -3819,8 +3832,8 @@ to be uniquely identified. If the option takes an argument, either the keyword is immediately followed by an equals sign (@samp{=}) and the argument's value, or the keyword and the argument's value are separated by whitespace (spaces or TABs). -If a particular option with a value is given more than once, it is the -last value that counts. +If a particular option with a value is given more than once, it is (usually) +the last value that counts. @cindex POSIX @command{awk} @subentry GNU long options and Each long option for @command{gawk} has a corresponding |