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Diffstat (limited to 'doc/gawk.texi')
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1 files changed, 48 insertions, 36 deletions
diff --git a/doc/gawk.texi b/doc/gawk.texi index ba28fc09..d2a4945d 100644 --- a/doc/gawk.texi +++ b/doc/gawk.texi @@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ @c applies to and all the info about who's publishing this edition @c These apply across the board. -@set UPDATE-MONTH August, 2017 +@set UPDATE-MONTH September, 2017 @set VERSION 4.2 @set PATCHLEVEL 0 @@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA Phone: +1-617-542-5942 Fax: +1-617-542-2652 Email: <email>gnu@@gnu.org</email> -URL: <ulink url="http://www.gnu.org">http://www.gnu.org/</ulink></literallayout> +URL: <ulink url="https://www.gnu.org">https://www.gnu.org/</ulink></literallayout> <literallayout class="normal">Copyright © 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1996–2005, 2007, 2009–2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. @@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ A copy of the license is included in the section entitled @ifset FOR_PRINT A copy of the license may be found on the Internet at -@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/GNU-Free-Documentation-License.html, +@uref{https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/GNU-Free-Documentation-License.html, the GNU Project's website}. @end ifset @@ -364,7 +364,7 @@ Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA @* Phone: +1-617-542-5942 @* Fax: +1-617-542-2652 @* Email: @email{gnu@@gnu.org} @* -URL: @uref{http://www.gnu.org/} @* +URL: @uref{https://www.gnu.org/} @* @c This one is correct for gawk 3.1.0 from the FSF ISBN 1-882114-28-0 @* @@ -1579,7 +1579,7 @@ This @value{DOCUMENT} has the difficult task of being both a tutorial and a refe If you are a novice, feel free to skip over details that seem too complex. You should also ignore the many cross-references; they are for the expert user and for the Info and -@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/, HTML} +@uref{https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/, HTML} versions of the @value{DOCUMENT}. @end ifnotinfo @@ -1789,7 +1789,7 @@ printed edition. You may find them online, as follows: @itemize @value{BULLET} @item -@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/Notes.html, +@uref{https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/Notes.html, The appendix on implementation notes} describes how to disable @command{gawk}'s extensions, how to contribute new code to @command{gawk}, where to find information on some possible @@ -1797,20 +1797,20 @@ future directions for @command{gawk} development, and the design decisions behind the extension API. @item -@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/Basic-Concepts.html, +@uref{https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/Basic-Concepts.html, The appendix on basic concepts} provides some very cursory background material for those who are completely unfamiliar with computer programming. @item -@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/Glossary.html, +@uref{https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/Glossary.html, The Glossary} defines most, if not all, of the significant terms used throughout the @value{DOCUMENT}. If you find terms that you aren't familiar with, try looking them up here. @item -@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/GNU-Free-Documentation-License.html, +@uref{https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/GNU-Free-Documentation-License.html, The GNU FDL} is the license that covers this @value{DOCUMENT}. @end itemize @@ -1826,7 +1826,7 @@ omitted from the print edition but are available online. @unnumberedsec Typographical Conventions @cindex Texinfo -This @value{DOCUMENT} is written in @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/, Texinfo}, +This @value{DOCUMENT} is written in @uref{https://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/, Texinfo}, the GNU documentation formatting language. A single Texinfo source file is used to produce both the printed and online versions of the documentation. @@ -1973,9 +1973,9 @@ for your reference @end ifclear The GPL applies to the C language source code for @command{gawk}. To find out more about the FSF and the GNU Project online, -see @uref{http://www.gnu.org, the GNU Project's home page}. +see @uref{https://www.gnu.org, the GNU Project's home page}. This @value{DOCUMENT} may also be read from -@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/, GNU's website}. +@uref{https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/, GNU's website}. @ifclear FOR_PRINT A shell, an editor (Emacs), highly portable optimizing C, C++, and @@ -2061,7 +2061,7 @@ you should first look at the @file{NEWS} file in the @command{gawk} distribution, which provides a high-level summary of the changes in each release. -You can then look at the @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/, +You can then look at the @uref{https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/, online version} of this @value{DOCUMENT} to read about any new features. @end ifset @@ -4015,7 +4015,7 @@ that pass arguments through the URL; using this option prevents a malicious code (via @option{-e}) to the CGI application.@footnote{For more detail, please see Section 4.4 of @uref{http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3875, RFC 3875}. Also see the -@uref{http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/bug-gawk/2014-11/msg00022.html, +@uref{https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/bug-gawk/2014-11/msg00022.html, explanatory note sent to the @command{gawk} bug mailing list}.} This option should be used @@ -4532,7 +4532,7 @@ again after adding the suffix @samp{.awk} to the @value{FN}. @command{gawk}'s path search mechanism is similar to the shell's. -(See @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/, +(See @uref{https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/, @cite{The Bourne-Again SHell manual}}.) It treats a null entry in the path as indicating the current directory. @@ -26372,7 +26372,7 @@ them in by hand. Here we present a program that can extract parts of a Texinfo input file into separate files. @cindex Texinfo -This @value{DOCUMENT} is written in @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/, Texinfo}, +This @value{DOCUMENT} is written in @uref{https://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/, Texinfo}, the GNU Project's document formatting language. A single Texinfo source file can be used to produce both printed documentation, with @TeX{}, and online documentation. @@ -26380,7 +26380,7 @@ printed documentation, with @TeX{}, and online documentation. (Texinfo is fully documented in the book @cite{Texinfo---The GNU Documentation Format}, available from the Free Software Foundation, -and also available @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/manual/texinfo/, online}.) +and also available @uref{https://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/manual/texinfo/, online}.) @end ifnotinfo @ifinfo (The Texinfo language is described fully, starting with @@ -27361,7 +27361,7 @@ certainty through the space-time continuum. #! /usr/bin/gawk -f # From "13.3.11 And Now For Something Completely Different" -# http://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/Signature-Program.html#Signature-Program +# https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/Signature-Program.html#Signature-Program # Copyright © 2008 Davide Brini @@ -28389,7 +28389,7 @@ If your system does not have ptys, or if all the system's ptys are in use, Using ptys usually avoids the buffer deadlock issues described earlier, at some loss in performance. This is because the tty driver buffers and sends data line-by-line. On systems with the @command{stdbuf} -(part of the @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/coreutils.html, +(part of the @uref{https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/coreutils.html, GNU Coreutils package}), you can use that program instead of ptys. Note also that ptys are not fully transparent. Certain binary control @@ -28518,7 +28518,7 @@ See @end ifinfo @ifnotinfo See -@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/gawkinet/, +@uref{https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/gawkinet/, @cite{@value{GAWKINETTITLE}}}, which comes as part of the @command{gawk} distribution, @end ifnotinfo @@ -29738,7 +29738,7 @@ complete detail in @inforef{Top, , GNU @command{gettext} utilities, gettext, GNU @command{gettext} utilities}.) @end ifinfo @ifnotinfo -@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/, +@uref{https://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/, @cite{GNU @command{gettext} utilities}}.) @end ifnotinfo As of this writing, the latest version of GNU @command{gettext} is @@ -29801,7 +29801,7 @@ any complexity. Thus, most programming languages have facilities available for ``debugging'' programs, and now @command{awk} is no exception. The @command{gawk} debugger is purposely modeled after -@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/, the GNU Debugger (GDB)} +@uref{https://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/, the GNU Debugger (GDB)} command-line debugger. If you are familiar with GDB, learning how to use @command{gawk} for debugging your program is easy. @@ -32434,7 +32434,7 @@ and describes the @code{gawkextlib} project. goals and design. @end ifclear @ifset FOR_PRINT -See @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/Extension-Design.html} +See @uref{https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/Extension-Design.html} for a discussion of the extension mechanism goals and design. @end ifset @@ -36709,11 +36709,11 @@ You will need to have the @uref{http://expat.sourceforge.net, Expat} XML parser library installed in order to build and use the XML extension. In addition, you must have the GNU Autotools installed -(@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/autoconf, Autoconf}, -@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/automake, Automake}, -@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/libtool, Libtool}, +(@uref{https://www.gnu.org/software/autoconf, Autoconf}, +@uref{https://www.gnu.org/software/automake, Automake}, +@uref{https://www.gnu.org/software/libtool, Libtool}, and -@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext, GNU @command{gettext}}). +@uref{https://www.gnu.org/software/gettext, GNU @command{gettext}}). The simple recipe for building and testing @code{gawkextlib} is as follows. First, build and install @command{gawk}: @@ -36960,7 +36960,7 @@ find more information. To save space, we have omitted information on the history of features in @command{gawk} from this edition. You can find it in the -@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/Feature-History.html, +@uref{https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/Feature-History.html, online documentation}. @end ifset @@ -38816,13 +38816,13 @@ If you have the @command{wget} program, you can use a command like the following: @example -wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gawk/gawk-@value{VERSION}.@value{PATCHLEVEL}.tar.gz +wget https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gawk/gawk-@value{VERSION}.@value{PATCHLEVEL}.tar.gz @end example @end itemize The GNU software archive is mirrored around the world. The up-to-date list of mirror sites is available from -@uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/ftp.html, the main FSF website}. +@uref{https://www.gnu.org/order/ftp.html, the main FSF website}. Try to use one of the mirrors; they will be less busy, and you can usually find one closer to your site. @@ -39111,7 +39111,7 @@ is generated automatically using GNU Autoconf. described fully in @cite{Autoconf---Generating Automatic Configuration Scripts}, which can be found online at -@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/autoconf/manual/index.html, +@uref{https://www.gnu.org/software/autoconf/manual/index.html, the Free Software Foundation's website}.) @end ifnotinfo @ifinfo @@ -40296,12 +40296,18 @@ The @command{gawk} distribution is available from the GNU Project's main distribution site, @code{ftp.gnu.org}. The canonical build recipe is: @example -wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gawk/gawk-@value{VERSION}.@value{PATCHLEVEL}.tar.gz +wget https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gawk/gawk-@value{VERSION}.@value{PATCHLEVEL}.tar.gz tar -xvpzf gawk-@value{VERSION}.@value{PATCHLEVEL}.tar.gz cd gawk-@value{VERSION}.@value{PATCHLEVEL} ./configure && make && make check @end example +@quotation NOTE +Because of the @samp{https://} URL, you may have to supply the +@option{--no-check-certificate} option to @command{wget} to download +the file. +@end quotation + @item @command{gawk} may be built on non-POSIX systems as well. The currently supported systems are MS-Windows using @@ -40416,7 +40422,7 @@ firewall that does not allow you to use the Git native protocol, you can still access the repository using: @example -git clone http://git.savannah.gnu.org/r/gawk.git +git clone https://git.savannah.gnu.org/r/gawk.git @end example Once you have made changes, you can use @samp{git diff} to produce a @@ -40476,7 +40482,7 @@ This document describes how GNU software should be written. If you haven't read it, please do so, preferably @emph{before} starting to modify @command{gawk}. (The @cite{GNU Coding Standards} are available from the GNU Project's -@uref{http://www.gnu.org/prep/standards/, website}. +@uref{https://www.gnu.org/prep/standards/, website}. Texinfo, Info, and DVI versions are also available.) @cindex @command{gawk}, coding style in @@ -40866,13 +40872,19 @@ Installing from source is quite easy. It's how the maintainer worked for years He had @file{/usr/local/bin} at the front of his @env{PATH} and just did: @example -wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/@var{package}/@var{package}-@var{x}.@var{y}.@var{z}.tar.gz +wget https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/@var{package}/@var{package}-@var{x}.@var{y}.@var{z}.tar.gz tar -xpzvf @var{package}-@var{x}.@var{y}.@var{z}.tar.gz cd @var{package}-@var{x}.@var{y}.@var{z} ./configure && make && make check make install # as root @end example +@quotation NOTE +Because of the @samp{https://} URL, you may have to supply the +@option{--no-check-certificate} option to @command{wget} to download +the file. +@end quotation + @c @item @ignore These days the maintainer uses Ubuntu 12.04 which is medium current, but @@ -40918,7 +40930,7 @@ Fortunately, the Git server can meet this need. For any given branch named @var{branchname}, use: @example -wget http://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/gawk.git/snapshot/gawk-@var{branchname}.tar.gz +wget https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/gawk.git/snapshot/gawk-@var{branchname}.tar.gz @end example @noindent |