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Diffstat (limited to 'doc/gawk.info')
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/gawk.info | 594 |
1 files changed, 299 insertions, 295 deletions
diff --git a/doc/gawk.info b/doc/gawk.info index 022965d1..148c28c2 100644 --- a/doc/gawk.info +++ b/doc/gawk.info @@ -16326,10 +16326,14 @@ user input by using the 'split()' function: } } - Please note that leading or trailing white space is disregarded in deciding - whether a value is numeric or not, so if it matters to you, you may want - to add an additional check for that. + Please note that leading or trailing white space is disregarded in +deciding whether a value is numeric or not, so if it matters to you, you +may want to add an additional check for that. + Traditionally, it has been recommended to check for numeric values +using the test 'x+0 == x'. This function is superior in two ways: it +will not report that unassigned variables contain numeric values; and it +recognizes string values with numeric contents. File: gawk.info, Node: Data File Management, Next: Getopt Function, Prev: General Functions, Up: Library Functions @@ -38536,298 +38540,298 @@ Node: Getlocaltime Function672799 Node: Readfile Function676541 Node: Shell Quoting678518 Node: Isnumeric Function679946 -Node: Data File Management680927 -Node: Filetrans Function681559 -Node: Rewind Function685655 -Node: File Checking687564 -Ref: File Checking-Footnote-1688898 -Node: Empty Files689099 -Node: Ignoring Assigns691078 -Node: Getopt Function692628 -Ref: Getopt Function-Footnote-1707851 -Node: Passwd Functions708051 -Ref: Passwd Functions-Footnote-1716890 -Node: Group Functions716978 -Ref: Group Functions-Footnote-1724876 -Node: Walking Arrays725083 -Node: Library Functions Summary728091 -Node: Library Exercises729497 -Node: Sample Programs729962 -Node: Running Examples730732 -Node: Clones731460 -Node: Cut Program732684 -Node: Egrep Program742824 -Node: Id Program751825 -Node: Split Program761772 -Ref: Split Program-Footnote-1771665 -Node: Tee Program771838 -Node: Uniq Program774628 -Node: Wc Program782216 -Node: Bytes vs. Characters782603 -Node: Using extensions784151 -Node: wc program784905 -Node: Miscellaneous Programs789770 -Node: Dupword Program790983 -Node: Alarm Program793013 -Node: Translate Program797868 -Ref: Translate Program-Footnote-1802433 -Node: Labels Program802703 -Ref: Labels Program-Footnote-1806054 -Node: Word Sorting806138 -Node: History Sorting810210 -Node: Extract Program812435 -Node: Simple Sed820489 -Node: Igawk Program823563 -Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-1837894 -Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-2838096 -Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-3838218 -Node: Anagram Program838333 -Node: Signature Program841395 -Node: Programs Summary842642 -Node: Programs Exercises843856 -Ref: Programs Exercises-Footnote-1847986 -Node: Advanced Features848072 -Node: Nondecimal Data850139 -Node: Array Sorting851730 -Node: Controlling Array Traversal852430 -Ref: Controlling Array Traversal-Footnote-1860798 -Node: Array Sorting Functions860916 -Ref: Array Sorting Functions-Footnote-1866007 -Node: Two-way I/O866203 -Ref: Two-way I/O-Footnote-1873929 -Ref: Two-way I/O-Footnote-2874116 -Node: TCP/IP Networking874198 -Node: Profiling877316 -Node: Extension Philosophy886625 -Node: Advanced Features Summary888104 -Node: Internationalization890119 -Node: I18N and L10N891793 -Node: Explaining gettext892480 -Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-1898372 -Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-2898557 -Node: Programmer i18n898722 -Ref: Programmer i18n-Footnote-1903671 -Node: Translator i18n903720 -Node: String Extraction904514 -Ref: String Extraction-Footnote-1905646 -Node: Printf Ordering905732 -Ref: Printf Ordering-Footnote-1908518 -Node: I18N Portability908582 -Ref: I18N Portability-Footnote-1911038 -Node: I18N Example911101 -Ref: I18N Example-Footnote-1914376 -Ref: I18N Example-Footnote-2914449 -Node: Gawk I18N914558 -Node: I18N Summary915207 -Node: Debugger916548 -Node: Debugging917548 -Node: Debugging Concepts917989 -Node: Debugging Terms919798 -Node: Awk Debugging922373 -Ref: Awk Debugging-Footnote-1923318 -Node: Sample Debugging Session923450 -Node: Debugger Invocation923984 -Node: Finding The Bug925370 -Node: List of Debugger Commands931844 -Node: Breakpoint Control933177 -Node: Debugger Execution Control936871 -Node: Viewing And Changing Data940233 -Node: Execution Stack943774 -Node: Debugger Info945411 -Node: Miscellaneous Debugger Commands949482 -Node: Readline Support954544 -Node: Limitations955440 -Node: Debugging Summary957994 -Node: Namespaces959273 -Node: Global Namespace960384 -Node: Qualified Names961782 -Node: Default Namespace962781 -Node: Changing The Namespace963522 -Node: Naming Rules965136 -Node: Internal Name Management966984 -Node: Namespace Example968026 -Node: Namespace And Features970588 -Node: Namespace Summary972023 -Node: Arbitrary Precision Arithmetic973500 -Node: Computer Arithmetic974987 -Ref: table-numeric-ranges978753 -Ref: table-floating-point-ranges979246 -Ref: Computer Arithmetic-Footnote-1979904 -Node: Math Definitions979961 -Ref: table-ieee-formats983277 -Ref: Math Definitions-Footnote-1983880 -Node: MPFR features983985 -Node: FP Math Caution985703 -Ref: FP Math Caution-Footnote-1986775 -Node: Inexactness of computations987144 -Node: Inexact representation988104 -Node: Comparing FP Values989464 -Node: Errors accumulate990705 -Node: Getting Accuracy992138 -Node: Try To Round994848 -Node: Setting precision995747 -Ref: table-predefined-precision-strings996444 -Node: Setting the rounding mode998274 -Ref: table-gawk-rounding-modes998648 -Ref: Setting the rounding mode-Footnote-11002579 -Node: Arbitrary Precision Integers1002758 -Ref: Arbitrary Precision Integers-Footnote-11005933 -Node: Checking for MPFR1006082 -Node: POSIX Floating Point Problems1007556 -Ref: POSIX Floating Point Problems-Footnote-11011841 -Node: Floating point summary1011879 -Node: Dynamic Extensions1014069 -Node: Extension Intro1015622 -Node: Plugin License1016888 -Node: Extension Mechanism Outline1017685 -Ref: figure-load-extension1018124 -Ref: figure-register-new-function1019689 -Ref: figure-call-new-function1020781 -Node: Extension API Description1022843 -Node: Extension API Functions Introduction1024556 -Ref: table-api-std-headers1026392 -Node: General Data Types1030641 -Ref: General Data Types-Footnote-11039271 -Node: Memory Allocation Functions1039570 -Ref: Memory Allocation Functions-Footnote-11044071 -Node: Constructor Functions1044170 -Node: API Ownership of MPFR and GMP Values1047636 -Node: Registration Functions1048949 -Node: Extension Functions1049649 -Node: Exit Callback Functions1054971 -Node: Extension Version String1056221 -Node: Input Parsers1056884 -Node: Output Wrappers1069605 -Node: Two-way processors1074117 -Node: Printing Messages1076382 -Ref: Printing Messages-Footnote-11077553 -Node: Updating ERRNO1077706 -Node: Requesting Values1078445 -Ref: table-value-types-returned1079182 -Node: Accessing Parameters1080118 -Node: Symbol Table Access1081355 -Node: Symbol table by name1081867 -Ref: Symbol table by name-Footnote-11084891 -Node: Symbol table by cookie1085019 -Ref: Symbol table by cookie-Footnote-11089204 -Node: Cached values1089268 -Ref: Cached values-Footnote-11092804 -Node: Array Manipulation1092957 -Ref: Array Manipulation-Footnote-11094048 -Node: Array Data Types1094085 -Ref: Array Data Types-Footnote-11096743 -Node: Array Functions1096835 -Node: Flattening Arrays1101333 -Node: Creating Arrays1108309 -Node: Redirection API1113076 -Node: Extension API Variables1115909 -Node: Extension Versioning1116620 -Ref: gawk-api-version1117049 -Node: Extension GMP/MPFR Versioning1118780 -Node: Extension API Informational Variables1120408 -Node: Extension API Boilerplate1121481 -Node: Changes from API V11125455 -Node: Finding Extensions1127027 -Node: Extension Example1127586 -Node: Internal File Description1128384 -Node: Internal File Ops1132464 -Ref: Internal File Ops-Footnote-11143814 -Node: Using Internal File Ops1143954 -Ref: Using Internal File Ops-Footnote-11146337 -Node: Extension Samples1146611 -Node: Extension Sample File Functions1148140 -Node: Extension Sample Fnmatch1155789 -Node: Extension Sample Fork1157276 -Node: Extension Sample Inplace1158494 -Node: Extension Sample Ord1162120 -Node: Extension Sample Readdir1162956 -Ref: table-readdir-file-types1163845 -Node: Extension Sample Revout1164912 -Node: Extension Sample Rev2way1165501 -Node: Extension Sample Read write array1166241 -Node: Extension Sample Readfile1168183 -Node: Extension Sample Time1169278 -Node: Extension Sample API Tests1171030 -Node: gawkextlib1171522 -Node: Extension summary1174440 -Node: Extension Exercises1178142 -Node: Language History1179384 -Node: V7/SVR3.11181040 -Node: SVR41183192 -Node: POSIX1184626 -Node: BTL1186007 -Node: POSIX/GNU1186736 -Node: Feature History1192514 -Node: Common Extensions1209689 -Node: Ranges and Locales1210972 -Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-11215588 -Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-21215615 -Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-31215850 -Node: Contributors1216073 -Node: History summary1222070 -Node: Installation1223450 -Node: Gawk Distribution1224394 -Node: Getting1224878 -Node: Extracting1225841 -Node: Distribution contents1227479 -Node: Unix Installation1233959 -Node: Quick Installation1234641 -Node: Compiling with MPFR1237122 -Node: Shell Startup Files1237814 -Node: Additional Configuration Options1238903 -Node: Configuration Philosophy1241218 -Node: Non-Unix Installation1243587 -Node: PC Installation1244047 -Node: PC Binary Installation1244885 -Node: PC Compiling1245320 -Node: PC Using1246437 -Node: Cygwin1249990 -Node: MSYS1251214 -Node: VMS Installation1251816 -Node: VMS Compilation1252607 -Ref: VMS Compilation-Footnote-11253836 -Node: VMS Dynamic Extensions1253894 -Node: VMS Installation Details1255579 -Node: VMS Running1257832 -Node: VMS GNV1262111 -Node: VMS Old Gawk1262846 -Node: Bugs1263317 -Node: Bug address1264066 -Node: Usenet1267048 -Node: Performance bugs1268057 -Node: Maintainers1270914 -Node: Other Versions1272109 -Node: Installation summary1279974 -Node: Notes1281183 -Node: Compatibility Mode1281977 -Node: Additions1282759 -Node: Accessing The Source1283684 -Node: Adding Code1285121 -Node: New Ports1291340 -Node: Derived Files1295715 -Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-11301375 -Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-21301410 -Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-31302008 -Node: Future Extensions1302122 -Node: Implementation Limitations1302780 -Node: Extension Design1303990 -Node: Old Extension Problems1305134 -Ref: Old Extension Problems-Footnote-11306652 -Node: Extension New Mechanism Goals1306709 -Ref: Extension New Mechanism Goals-Footnote-11310073 -Node: Extension Other Design Decisions1310262 -Node: Extension Future Growth1312375 -Node: Notes summary1312981 -Node: Basic Concepts1314139 -Node: Basic High Level1314820 -Ref: figure-general-flow1315102 -Ref: figure-process-flow1315787 -Ref: Basic High Level-Footnote-11319088 -Node: Basic Data Typing1319273 -Node: Glossary1322601 -Node: Copying1354486 -Node: GNU Free Documentation License1392029 -Node: Index1417149 +Node: Data File Management681176 +Node: Filetrans Function681808 +Node: Rewind Function685904 +Node: File Checking687813 +Ref: File Checking-Footnote-1689147 +Node: Empty Files689348 +Node: Ignoring Assigns691327 +Node: Getopt Function692877 +Ref: Getopt Function-Footnote-1708100 +Node: Passwd Functions708300 +Ref: Passwd Functions-Footnote-1717139 +Node: Group Functions717227 +Ref: Group Functions-Footnote-1725125 +Node: Walking Arrays725332 +Node: Library Functions Summary728340 +Node: Library Exercises729746 +Node: Sample Programs730211 +Node: Running Examples730981 +Node: Clones731709 +Node: Cut Program732933 +Node: Egrep Program743073 +Node: Id Program752074 +Node: Split Program762021 +Ref: Split Program-Footnote-1771914 +Node: Tee Program772087 +Node: Uniq Program774877 +Node: Wc Program782465 +Node: Bytes vs. Characters782852 +Node: Using extensions784400 +Node: wc program785154 +Node: Miscellaneous Programs790019 +Node: Dupword Program791232 +Node: Alarm Program793262 +Node: Translate Program798117 +Ref: Translate Program-Footnote-1802682 +Node: Labels Program802952 +Ref: Labels Program-Footnote-1806303 +Node: Word Sorting806387 +Node: History Sorting810459 +Node: Extract Program812684 +Node: Simple Sed820738 +Node: Igawk Program823812 +Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-1838143 +Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-2838345 +Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-3838467 +Node: Anagram Program838582 +Node: Signature Program841644 +Node: Programs Summary842891 +Node: Programs Exercises844105 +Ref: Programs Exercises-Footnote-1848235 +Node: Advanced Features848321 +Node: Nondecimal Data850388 +Node: Array Sorting851979 +Node: Controlling Array Traversal852679 +Ref: Controlling Array Traversal-Footnote-1861047 +Node: Array Sorting Functions861165 +Ref: Array Sorting Functions-Footnote-1866256 +Node: Two-way I/O866452 +Ref: Two-way I/O-Footnote-1874178 +Ref: Two-way I/O-Footnote-2874365 +Node: TCP/IP Networking874447 +Node: Profiling877565 +Node: Extension Philosophy886874 +Node: Advanced Features Summary888353 +Node: Internationalization890368 +Node: I18N and L10N892042 +Node: Explaining gettext892729 +Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-1898621 +Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-2898806 +Node: Programmer i18n898971 +Ref: Programmer i18n-Footnote-1903920 +Node: Translator i18n903969 +Node: String Extraction904763 +Ref: String Extraction-Footnote-1905895 +Node: Printf Ordering905981 +Ref: Printf Ordering-Footnote-1908767 +Node: I18N Portability908831 +Ref: I18N Portability-Footnote-1911287 +Node: I18N Example911350 +Ref: I18N Example-Footnote-1914625 +Ref: I18N Example-Footnote-2914698 +Node: Gawk I18N914807 +Node: I18N Summary915456 +Node: Debugger916797 +Node: Debugging917797 +Node: Debugging Concepts918238 +Node: Debugging Terms920047 +Node: Awk Debugging922622 +Ref: Awk Debugging-Footnote-1923567 +Node: Sample Debugging Session923699 +Node: Debugger Invocation924233 +Node: Finding The Bug925619 +Node: List of Debugger Commands932093 +Node: Breakpoint Control933426 +Node: Debugger Execution Control937120 +Node: Viewing And Changing Data940482 +Node: Execution Stack944023 +Node: Debugger Info945660 +Node: Miscellaneous Debugger Commands949731 +Node: Readline Support954793 +Node: Limitations955689 +Node: Debugging Summary958243 +Node: Namespaces959522 +Node: Global Namespace960633 +Node: Qualified Names962031 +Node: Default Namespace963030 +Node: Changing The Namespace963771 +Node: Naming Rules965385 +Node: Internal Name Management967233 +Node: Namespace Example968275 +Node: Namespace And Features970837 +Node: Namespace Summary972272 +Node: Arbitrary Precision Arithmetic973749 +Node: Computer Arithmetic975236 +Ref: table-numeric-ranges979002 +Ref: table-floating-point-ranges979495 +Ref: Computer Arithmetic-Footnote-1980153 +Node: Math Definitions980210 +Ref: table-ieee-formats983526 +Ref: Math Definitions-Footnote-1984129 +Node: MPFR features984234 +Node: FP Math Caution985952 +Ref: FP Math Caution-Footnote-1987024 +Node: Inexactness of computations987393 +Node: Inexact representation988353 +Node: Comparing FP Values989713 +Node: Errors accumulate990954 +Node: Getting Accuracy992387 +Node: Try To Round995097 +Node: Setting precision995996 +Ref: table-predefined-precision-strings996693 +Node: Setting the rounding mode998523 +Ref: table-gawk-rounding-modes998897 +Ref: Setting the rounding mode-Footnote-11002828 +Node: Arbitrary Precision Integers1003007 +Ref: Arbitrary Precision Integers-Footnote-11006182 +Node: Checking for MPFR1006331 +Node: POSIX Floating Point Problems1007805 +Ref: POSIX Floating Point Problems-Footnote-11012090 +Node: Floating point summary1012128 +Node: Dynamic Extensions1014318 +Node: Extension Intro1015871 +Node: Plugin License1017137 +Node: Extension Mechanism Outline1017934 +Ref: figure-load-extension1018373 +Ref: figure-register-new-function1019938 +Ref: figure-call-new-function1021030 +Node: Extension API Description1023092 +Node: Extension API Functions Introduction1024805 +Ref: table-api-std-headers1026641 +Node: General Data Types1030890 +Ref: General Data Types-Footnote-11039520 +Node: Memory Allocation Functions1039819 +Ref: Memory Allocation Functions-Footnote-11044320 +Node: Constructor Functions1044419 +Node: API Ownership of MPFR and GMP Values1047885 +Node: Registration Functions1049198 +Node: Extension Functions1049898 +Node: Exit Callback Functions1055220 +Node: Extension Version String1056470 +Node: Input Parsers1057133 +Node: Output Wrappers1069854 +Node: Two-way processors1074366 +Node: Printing Messages1076631 +Ref: Printing Messages-Footnote-11077802 +Node: Updating ERRNO1077955 +Node: Requesting Values1078694 +Ref: table-value-types-returned1079431 +Node: Accessing Parameters1080367 +Node: Symbol Table Access1081604 +Node: Symbol table by name1082116 +Ref: Symbol table by name-Footnote-11085140 +Node: Symbol table by cookie1085268 +Ref: Symbol table by cookie-Footnote-11089453 +Node: Cached values1089517 +Ref: Cached values-Footnote-11093053 +Node: Array Manipulation1093206 +Ref: Array Manipulation-Footnote-11094297 +Node: Array Data Types1094334 +Ref: Array Data Types-Footnote-11096992 +Node: Array Functions1097084 +Node: Flattening Arrays1101582 +Node: Creating Arrays1108558 +Node: Redirection API1113325 +Node: Extension API Variables1116158 +Node: Extension Versioning1116869 +Ref: gawk-api-version1117298 +Node: Extension GMP/MPFR Versioning1119029 +Node: Extension API Informational Variables1120657 +Node: Extension API Boilerplate1121730 +Node: Changes from API V11125704 +Node: Finding Extensions1127276 +Node: Extension Example1127835 +Node: Internal File Description1128633 +Node: Internal File Ops1132713 +Ref: Internal File Ops-Footnote-11144063 +Node: Using Internal File Ops1144203 +Ref: Using Internal File Ops-Footnote-11146586 +Node: Extension Samples1146860 +Node: Extension Sample File Functions1148389 +Node: Extension Sample Fnmatch1156038 +Node: Extension Sample Fork1157525 +Node: Extension Sample Inplace1158743 +Node: Extension Sample Ord1162369 +Node: Extension Sample Readdir1163205 +Ref: table-readdir-file-types1164094 +Node: Extension Sample Revout1165161 +Node: Extension Sample Rev2way1165750 +Node: Extension Sample Read write array1166490 +Node: Extension Sample Readfile1168432 +Node: Extension Sample Time1169527 +Node: Extension Sample API Tests1171279 +Node: gawkextlib1171771 +Node: Extension summary1174689 +Node: Extension Exercises1178391 +Node: Language History1179633 +Node: V7/SVR3.11181289 +Node: SVR41183441 +Node: POSIX1184875 +Node: BTL1186256 +Node: POSIX/GNU1186985 +Node: Feature History1192763 +Node: Common Extensions1209938 +Node: Ranges and Locales1211221 +Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-11215837 +Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-21215864 +Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-31216099 +Node: Contributors1216322 +Node: History summary1222319 +Node: Installation1223699 +Node: Gawk Distribution1224643 +Node: Getting1225127 +Node: Extracting1226090 +Node: Distribution contents1227728 +Node: Unix Installation1234208 +Node: Quick Installation1234890 +Node: Compiling with MPFR1237371 +Node: Shell Startup Files1238063 +Node: Additional Configuration Options1239152 +Node: Configuration Philosophy1241467 +Node: Non-Unix Installation1243836 +Node: PC Installation1244296 +Node: PC Binary Installation1245134 +Node: PC Compiling1245569 +Node: PC Using1246686 +Node: Cygwin1250239 +Node: MSYS1251463 +Node: VMS Installation1252065 +Node: VMS Compilation1252856 +Ref: VMS Compilation-Footnote-11254085 +Node: VMS Dynamic Extensions1254143 +Node: VMS Installation Details1255828 +Node: VMS Running1258081 +Node: VMS GNV1262360 +Node: VMS Old Gawk1263095 +Node: Bugs1263566 +Node: Bug address1264315 +Node: Usenet1267297 +Node: Performance bugs1268306 +Node: Maintainers1271163 +Node: Other Versions1272358 +Node: Installation summary1280223 +Node: Notes1281432 +Node: Compatibility Mode1282226 +Node: Additions1283008 +Node: Accessing The Source1283933 +Node: Adding Code1285370 +Node: New Ports1291589 +Node: Derived Files1295964 +Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-11301624 +Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-21301659 +Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-31302257 +Node: Future Extensions1302371 +Node: Implementation Limitations1303029 +Node: Extension Design1304239 +Node: Old Extension Problems1305383 +Ref: Old Extension Problems-Footnote-11306901 +Node: Extension New Mechanism Goals1306958 +Ref: Extension New Mechanism Goals-Footnote-11310322 +Node: Extension Other Design Decisions1310511 +Node: Extension Future Growth1312624 +Node: Notes summary1313230 +Node: Basic Concepts1314388 +Node: Basic High Level1315069 +Ref: figure-general-flow1315351 +Ref: figure-process-flow1316036 +Ref: Basic High Level-Footnote-11319337 +Node: Basic Data Typing1319522 +Node: Glossary1322850 +Node: Copying1354735 +Node: GNU Free Documentation License1392278 +Node: Index1417398 End Tag Table |