diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'doc/gawk.info')
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/gawk.info | 588 |
1 files changed, 295 insertions, 293 deletions
diff --git a/doc/gawk.info b/doc/gawk.info index 148c28c2..bf9cc783 100644 --- a/doc/gawk.info +++ b/doc/gawk.info @@ -16333,7 +16333,9 @@ may want to add an additional check for that. Traditionally, it has been recommended to check for numeric values using the test 'x+0 == x'. This function is superior in two ways: it will not report that unassigned variables contain numeric values; and it -recognizes string values with numeric contents. +recognizes string values with numeric contents. On the other hand, it +uses the 'typeof()' function (*note Type Functions::), which is specific +to 'gawk'. File: gawk.info, Node: Data File Management, Next: Getopt Function, Prev: General Functions, Up: Library Functions @@ -38540,298 +38542,298 @@ Node: Getlocaltime Function672799 Node: Readfile Function676541 Node: Shell Quoting678518 Node: Isnumeric Function679946 -Node: Data File Management681176 -Node: Filetrans Function681808 -Node: Rewind Function685904 -Node: File Checking687813 -Ref: File Checking-Footnote-1689147 -Node: Empty Files689348 -Node: Ignoring Assigns691327 -Node: Getopt Function692877 -Ref: Getopt Function-Footnote-1708100 -Node: Passwd Functions708300 -Ref: Passwd Functions-Footnote-1717139 -Node: Group Functions717227 -Ref: Group Functions-Footnote-1725125 -Node: Walking Arrays725332 -Node: Library Functions Summary728340 -Node: Library Exercises729746 -Node: Sample Programs730211 -Node: Running Examples730981 -Node: Clones731709 -Node: Cut Program732933 -Node: Egrep Program743073 -Node: Id Program752074 -Node: Split Program762021 -Ref: Split Program-Footnote-1771914 -Node: Tee Program772087 -Node: Uniq Program774877 -Node: Wc Program782465 -Node: Bytes vs. Characters782852 -Node: Using extensions784400 -Node: wc program785154 -Node: Miscellaneous Programs790019 -Node: Dupword Program791232 -Node: Alarm Program793262 -Node: Translate Program798117 -Ref: Translate Program-Footnote-1802682 -Node: Labels Program802952 -Ref: Labels Program-Footnote-1806303 -Node: Word Sorting806387 -Node: History Sorting810459 -Node: Extract Program812684 -Node: Simple Sed820738 -Node: Igawk Program823812 -Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-1838143 -Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-2838345 -Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-3838467 -Node: Anagram Program838582 -Node: Signature Program841644 -Node: Programs Summary842891 -Node: Programs Exercises844105 -Ref: Programs Exercises-Footnote-1848235 -Node: Advanced Features848321 -Node: Nondecimal Data850388 -Node: Array Sorting851979 -Node: Controlling Array Traversal852679 -Ref: Controlling Array Traversal-Footnote-1861047 -Node: Array Sorting Functions861165 -Ref: Array Sorting Functions-Footnote-1866256 -Node: Two-way I/O866452 -Ref: Two-way I/O-Footnote-1874178 -Ref: Two-way I/O-Footnote-2874365 -Node: TCP/IP Networking874447 -Node: Profiling877565 -Node: Extension Philosophy886874 -Node: Advanced Features Summary888353 -Node: Internationalization890368 -Node: I18N and L10N892042 -Node: Explaining gettext892729 -Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-1898621 -Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-2898806 -Node: Programmer i18n898971 -Ref: Programmer i18n-Footnote-1903920 -Node: Translator i18n903969 -Node: String Extraction904763 -Ref: String Extraction-Footnote-1905895 -Node: Printf Ordering905981 -Ref: Printf Ordering-Footnote-1908767 -Node: I18N Portability908831 -Ref: I18N Portability-Footnote-1911287 -Node: I18N Example911350 -Ref: I18N Example-Footnote-1914625 -Ref: I18N Example-Footnote-2914698 -Node: Gawk I18N914807 -Node: I18N Summary915456 -Node: Debugger916797 -Node: Debugging917797 -Node: Debugging Concepts918238 -Node: Debugging Terms920047 -Node: Awk Debugging922622 -Ref: Awk Debugging-Footnote-1923567 -Node: Sample Debugging Session923699 -Node: Debugger Invocation924233 -Node: Finding The Bug925619 -Node: List of Debugger Commands932093 -Node: Breakpoint Control933426 -Node: Debugger Execution Control937120 -Node: Viewing And Changing Data940482 -Node: Execution Stack944023 -Node: Debugger Info945660 -Node: Miscellaneous Debugger Commands949731 -Node: Readline Support954793 -Node: Limitations955689 -Node: Debugging Summary958243 -Node: Namespaces959522 -Node: Global Namespace960633 -Node: Qualified Names962031 -Node: Default Namespace963030 -Node: Changing The Namespace963771 -Node: Naming Rules965385 -Node: Internal Name Management967233 -Node: Namespace Example968275 -Node: Namespace And Features970837 -Node: Namespace Summary972272 -Node: Arbitrary Precision Arithmetic973749 -Node: Computer Arithmetic975236 -Ref: table-numeric-ranges979002 -Ref: table-floating-point-ranges979495 -Ref: Computer Arithmetic-Footnote-1980153 -Node: Math Definitions980210 -Ref: table-ieee-formats983526 -Ref: Math Definitions-Footnote-1984129 -Node: MPFR features984234 -Node: FP Math Caution985952 -Ref: FP Math Caution-Footnote-1987024 -Node: Inexactness of computations987393 -Node: Inexact representation988353 -Node: Comparing FP Values989713 -Node: Errors accumulate990954 -Node: Getting Accuracy992387 -Node: Try To Round995097 -Node: Setting precision995996 -Ref: table-predefined-precision-strings996693 -Node: Setting the rounding mode998523 -Ref: table-gawk-rounding-modes998897 -Ref: Setting the rounding mode-Footnote-11002828 -Node: Arbitrary Precision Integers1003007 -Ref: Arbitrary Precision Integers-Footnote-11006182 -Node: Checking for MPFR1006331 -Node: POSIX Floating Point Problems1007805 -Ref: POSIX Floating Point Problems-Footnote-11012090 -Node: Floating point summary1012128 -Node: Dynamic Extensions1014318 -Node: Extension Intro1015871 -Node: Plugin License1017137 -Node: Extension Mechanism Outline1017934 -Ref: figure-load-extension1018373 -Ref: figure-register-new-function1019938 -Ref: figure-call-new-function1021030 -Node: Extension API Description1023092 -Node: Extension API Functions Introduction1024805 -Ref: table-api-std-headers1026641 -Node: General Data Types1030890 -Ref: General Data Types-Footnote-11039520 -Node: Memory Allocation Functions1039819 -Ref: Memory Allocation Functions-Footnote-11044320 -Node: Constructor Functions1044419 -Node: API Ownership of MPFR and GMP Values1047885 -Node: Registration Functions1049198 -Node: Extension Functions1049898 -Node: Exit Callback Functions1055220 -Node: Extension Version String1056470 -Node: Input Parsers1057133 -Node: Output Wrappers1069854 -Node: Two-way processors1074366 -Node: Printing Messages1076631 -Ref: Printing Messages-Footnote-11077802 -Node: Updating ERRNO1077955 -Node: Requesting Values1078694 -Ref: table-value-types-returned1079431 -Node: Accessing Parameters1080367 -Node: Symbol Table Access1081604 -Node: Symbol table by name1082116 -Ref: Symbol table by name-Footnote-11085140 -Node: Symbol table by cookie1085268 -Ref: Symbol table by cookie-Footnote-11089453 -Node: Cached values1089517 -Ref: Cached values-Footnote-11093053 -Node: Array Manipulation1093206 -Ref: Array Manipulation-Footnote-11094297 -Node: Array Data Types1094334 -Ref: Array Data Types-Footnote-11096992 -Node: Array Functions1097084 -Node: Flattening Arrays1101582 -Node: Creating Arrays1108558 -Node: Redirection API1113325 -Node: Extension API Variables1116158 -Node: Extension Versioning1116869 -Ref: gawk-api-version1117298 -Node: Extension GMP/MPFR Versioning1119029 -Node: Extension API Informational Variables1120657 -Node: Extension API Boilerplate1121730 -Node: Changes from API V11125704 -Node: Finding Extensions1127276 -Node: Extension Example1127835 -Node: Internal File Description1128633 -Node: Internal File Ops1132713 -Ref: Internal File Ops-Footnote-11144063 -Node: Using Internal File Ops1144203 -Ref: Using Internal File Ops-Footnote-11146586 -Node: Extension Samples1146860 -Node: Extension Sample File Functions1148389 -Node: Extension Sample Fnmatch1156038 -Node: Extension Sample Fork1157525 -Node: Extension Sample Inplace1158743 -Node: Extension Sample Ord1162369 -Node: Extension Sample Readdir1163205 -Ref: table-readdir-file-types1164094 -Node: Extension Sample Revout1165161 -Node: Extension Sample Rev2way1165750 -Node: Extension Sample Read write array1166490 -Node: Extension Sample Readfile1168432 -Node: Extension Sample Time1169527 -Node: Extension Sample API Tests1171279 -Node: gawkextlib1171771 -Node: Extension summary1174689 -Node: Extension Exercises1178391 -Node: Language History1179633 -Node: V7/SVR3.11181289 -Node: SVR41183441 -Node: POSIX1184875 -Node: BTL1186256 -Node: POSIX/GNU1186985 -Node: Feature History1192763 -Node: Common Extensions1209938 -Node: Ranges and Locales1211221 -Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-11215837 -Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-21215864 -Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-31216099 -Node: Contributors1216322 -Node: History summary1222319 -Node: Installation1223699 -Node: Gawk Distribution1224643 -Node: Getting1225127 -Node: Extracting1226090 -Node: Distribution contents1227728 -Node: Unix Installation1234208 -Node: Quick Installation1234890 -Node: Compiling with MPFR1237371 -Node: Shell Startup Files1238063 -Node: Additional Configuration Options1239152 -Node: Configuration Philosophy1241467 -Node: Non-Unix Installation1243836 -Node: PC Installation1244296 -Node: PC Binary Installation1245134 -Node: PC Compiling1245569 -Node: PC Using1246686 -Node: Cygwin1250239 -Node: MSYS1251463 -Node: VMS Installation1252065 -Node: VMS Compilation1252856 -Ref: VMS Compilation-Footnote-11254085 -Node: VMS Dynamic Extensions1254143 -Node: VMS Installation Details1255828 -Node: VMS Running1258081 -Node: VMS GNV1262360 -Node: VMS Old Gawk1263095 -Node: Bugs1263566 -Node: Bug address1264315 -Node: Usenet1267297 -Node: Performance bugs1268306 -Node: Maintainers1271163 -Node: Other Versions1272358 -Node: Installation summary1280223 -Node: Notes1281432 -Node: Compatibility Mode1282226 -Node: Additions1283008 -Node: Accessing The Source1283933 -Node: Adding Code1285370 -Node: New Ports1291589 -Node: Derived Files1295964 -Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-11301624 -Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-21301659 -Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-31302257 -Node: Future Extensions1302371 -Node: Implementation Limitations1303029 -Node: Extension Design1304239 -Node: Old Extension Problems1305383 -Ref: Old Extension Problems-Footnote-11306901 -Node: Extension New Mechanism Goals1306958 -Ref: Extension New Mechanism Goals-Footnote-11310322 -Node: Extension Other Design Decisions1310511 -Node: Extension Future Growth1312624 -Node: Notes summary1313230 -Node: Basic Concepts1314388 -Node: Basic High Level1315069 -Ref: figure-general-flow1315351 -Ref: figure-process-flow1316036 -Ref: Basic High Level-Footnote-11319337 -Node: Basic Data Typing1319522 -Node: Glossary1322850 -Node: Copying1354735 -Node: GNU Free Documentation License1392278 -Node: Index1417398 +Node: Data File Management681283 +Node: Filetrans Function681915 +Node: Rewind Function686011 +Node: File Checking687920 +Ref: File Checking-Footnote-1689254 +Node: Empty Files689455 +Node: Ignoring Assigns691434 +Node: Getopt Function692984 +Ref: Getopt Function-Footnote-1708207 +Node: Passwd Functions708407 +Ref: Passwd Functions-Footnote-1717246 +Node: Group Functions717334 +Ref: Group Functions-Footnote-1725232 +Node: Walking Arrays725439 +Node: Library Functions Summary728447 +Node: Library Exercises729853 +Node: Sample Programs730318 +Node: Running Examples731088 +Node: Clones731816 +Node: Cut Program733040 +Node: Egrep Program743180 +Node: Id Program752181 +Node: Split Program762128 +Ref: Split Program-Footnote-1772021 +Node: Tee Program772194 +Node: Uniq Program774984 +Node: Wc Program782572 +Node: Bytes vs. Characters782959 +Node: Using extensions784507 +Node: wc program785261 +Node: Miscellaneous Programs790126 +Node: Dupword Program791339 +Node: Alarm Program793369 +Node: Translate Program798224 +Ref: Translate Program-Footnote-1802789 +Node: Labels Program803059 +Ref: Labels Program-Footnote-1806410 +Node: Word Sorting806494 +Node: History Sorting810566 +Node: Extract Program812791 +Node: Simple Sed820845 +Node: Igawk Program823919 +Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-1838250 +Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-2838452 +Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-3838574 +Node: Anagram Program838689 +Node: Signature Program841751 +Node: Programs Summary842998 +Node: Programs Exercises844212 +Ref: Programs Exercises-Footnote-1848342 +Node: Advanced Features848428 +Node: Nondecimal Data850495 +Node: Array Sorting852086 +Node: Controlling Array Traversal852786 +Ref: Controlling Array Traversal-Footnote-1861154 +Node: Array Sorting Functions861272 +Ref: Array Sorting Functions-Footnote-1866363 +Node: Two-way I/O866559 +Ref: Two-way I/O-Footnote-1874285 +Ref: Two-way I/O-Footnote-2874472 +Node: TCP/IP Networking874554 +Node: Profiling877672 +Node: Extension Philosophy886981 +Node: Advanced Features Summary888460 +Node: Internationalization890475 +Node: I18N and L10N892149 +Node: Explaining gettext892836 +Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-1898728 +Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-2898913 +Node: Programmer i18n899078 +Ref: Programmer i18n-Footnote-1904027 +Node: Translator i18n904076 +Node: String Extraction904870 +Ref: String Extraction-Footnote-1906002 +Node: Printf Ordering906088 +Ref: Printf Ordering-Footnote-1908874 +Node: I18N Portability908938 +Ref: I18N Portability-Footnote-1911394 +Node: I18N Example911457 +Ref: I18N Example-Footnote-1914732 +Ref: I18N Example-Footnote-2914805 +Node: Gawk I18N914914 +Node: I18N Summary915563 +Node: Debugger916904 +Node: Debugging917904 +Node: Debugging Concepts918345 +Node: Debugging Terms920154 +Node: Awk Debugging922729 +Ref: Awk Debugging-Footnote-1923674 +Node: Sample Debugging Session923806 +Node: Debugger Invocation924340 +Node: Finding The Bug925726 +Node: List of Debugger Commands932200 +Node: Breakpoint Control933533 +Node: Debugger Execution Control937227 +Node: Viewing And Changing Data940589 +Node: Execution Stack944130 +Node: Debugger Info945767 +Node: Miscellaneous Debugger Commands949838 +Node: Readline Support954900 +Node: Limitations955796 +Node: Debugging Summary958350 +Node: Namespaces959629 +Node: Global Namespace960740 +Node: Qualified Names962138 +Node: Default Namespace963137 +Node: Changing The Namespace963878 +Node: Naming Rules965492 +Node: Internal Name Management967340 +Node: Namespace Example968382 +Node: Namespace And Features970944 +Node: Namespace Summary972379 +Node: Arbitrary Precision Arithmetic973856 +Node: Computer Arithmetic975343 +Ref: table-numeric-ranges979109 +Ref: table-floating-point-ranges979602 +Ref: Computer Arithmetic-Footnote-1980260 +Node: Math Definitions980317 +Ref: table-ieee-formats983633 +Ref: Math Definitions-Footnote-1984236 +Node: MPFR features984341 +Node: FP Math Caution986059 +Ref: FP Math Caution-Footnote-1987131 +Node: Inexactness of computations987500 +Node: Inexact representation988460 +Node: Comparing FP Values989820 +Node: Errors accumulate991061 +Node: Getting Accuracy992494 +Node: Try To Round995204 +Node: Setting precision996103 +Ref: table-predefined-precision-strings996800 +Node: Setting the rounding mode998630 +Ref: table-gawk-rounding-modes999004 +Ref: Setting the rounding mode-Footnote-11002935 +Node: Arbitrary Precision Integers1003114 +Ref: Arbitrary Precision Integers-Footnote-11006289 +Node: Checking for MPFR1006438 +Node: POSIX Floating Point Problems1007912 +Ref: POSIX Floating Point Problems-Footnote-11012197 +Node: Floating point summary1012235 +Node: Dynamic Extensions1014425 +Node: Extension Intro1015978 +Node: Plugin License1017244 +Node: Extension Mechanism Outline1018041 +Ref: figure-load-extension1018480 +Ref: figure-register-new-function1020045 +Ref: figure-call-new-function1021137 +Node: Extension API Description1023199 +Node: Extension API Functions Introduction1024912 +Ref: table-api-std-headers1026748 +Node: General Data Types1030997 +Ref: General Data Types-Footnote-11039627 +Node: Memory Allocation Functions1039926 +Ref: Memory Allocation Functions-Footnote-11044427 +Node: Constructor Functions1044526 +Node: API Ownership of MPFR and GMP Values1047992 +Node: Registration Functions1049305 +Node: Extension Functions1050005 +Node: Exit Callback Functions1055327 +Node: Extension Version String1056577 +Node: Input Parsers1057240 +Node: Output Wrappers1069961 +Node: Two-way processors1074473 +Node: Printing Messages1076738 +Ref: Printing Messages-Footnote-11077909 +Node: Updating ERRNO1078062 +Node: Requesting Values1078801 +Ref: table-value-types-returned1079538 +Node: Accessing Parameters1080474 +Node: Symbol Table Access1081711 +Node: Symbol table by name1082223 +Ref: Symbol table by name-Footnote-11085247 +Node: Symbol table by cookie1085375 +Ref: Symbol table by cookie-Footnote-11089560 +Node: Cached values1089624 +Ref: Cached values-Footnote-11093160 +Node: Array Manipulation1093313 +Ref: Array Manipulation-Footnote-11094404 +Node: Array Data Types1094441 +Ref: Array Data Types-Footnote-11097099 +Node: Array Functions1097191 +Node: Flattening Arrays1101689 +Node: Creating Arrays1108665 +Node: Redirection API1113432 +Node: Extension API Variables1116265 +Node: Extension Versioning1116976 +Ref: gawk-api-version1117405 +Node: Extension GMP/MPFR Versioning1119136 +Node: Extension API Informational Variables1120764 +Node: Extension API Boilerplate1121837 +Node: Changes from API V11125811 +Node: Finding Extensions1127383 +Node: Extension Example1127942 +Node: Internal File Description1128740 +Node: Internal File Ops1132820 +Ref: Internal File Ops-Footnote-11144170 +Node: Using Internal File Ops1144310 +Ref: Using Internal File Ops-Footnote-11146693 +Node: Extension Samples1146967 +Node: Extension Sample File Functions1148496 +Node: Extension Sample Fnmatch1156145 +Node: Extension Sample Fork1157632 +Node: Extension Sample Inplace1158850 +Node: Extension Sample Ord1162476 +Node: Extension Sample Readdir1163312 +Ref: table-readdir-file-types1164201 +Node: Extension Sample Revout1165268 +Node: Extension Sample Rev2way1165857 +Node: Extension Sample Read write array1166597 +Node: Extension Sample Readfile1168539 +Node: Extension Sample Time1169634 +Node: Extension Sample API Tests1171386 +Node: gawkextlib1171878 +Node: Extension summary1174796 +Node: Extension Exercises1178498 +Node: Language History1179740 +Node: V7/SVR3.11181396 +Node: SVR41183548 +Node: POSIX1184982 +Node: BTL1186363 +Node: POSIX/GNU1187092 +Node: Feature History1192870 +Node: Common Extensions1210045 +Node: Ranges and Locales1211328 +Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-11215944 +Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-21215971 +Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-31216206 +Node: Contributors1216429 +Node: History summary1222426 +Node: Installation1223806 +Node: Gawk Distribution1224750 +Node: Getting1225234 +Node: Extracting1226197 +Node: Distribution contents1227835 +Node: Unix Installation1234315 +Node: Quick Installation1234997 +Node: Compiling with MPFR1237478 +Node: Shell Startup Files1238170 +Node: Additional Configuration Options1239259 +Node: Configuration Philosophy1241574 +Node: Non-Unix Installation1243943 +Node: PC Installation1244403 +Node: PC Binary Installation1245241 +Node: PC Compiling1245676 +Node: PC Using1246793 +Node: Cygwin1250346 +Node: MSYS1251570 +Node: VMS Installation1252172 +Node: VMS Compilation1252963 +Ref: VMS Compilation-Footnote-11254192 +Node: VMS Dynamic Extensions1254250 +Node: VMS Installation Details1255935 +Node: VMS Running1258188 +Node: VMS GNV1262467 +Node: VMS Old Gawk1263202 +Node: Bugs1263673 +Node: Bug address1264422 +Node: Usenet1267404 +Node: Performance bugs1268413 +Node: Maintainers1271270 +Node: Other Versions1272465 +Node: Installation summary1280330 +Node: Notes1281539 +Node: Compatibility Mode1282333 +Node: Additions1283115 +Node: Accessing The Source1284040 +Node: Adding Code1285477 +Node: New Ports1291696 +Node: Derived Files1296071 +Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-11301731 +Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-21301766 +Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-31302364 +Node: Future Extensions1302478 +Node: Implementation Limitations1303136 +Node: Extension Design1304346 +Node: Old Extension Problems1305490 +Ref: Old Extension Problems-Footnote-11307008 +Node: Extension New Mechanism Goals1307065 +Ref: Extension New Mechanism Goals-Footnote-11310429 +Node: Extension Other Design Decisions1310618 +Node: Extension Future Growth1312731 +Node: Notes summary1313337 +Node: Basic Concepts1314495 +Node: Basic High Level1315176 +Ref: figure-general-flow1315458 +Ref: figure-process-flow1316143 +Ref: Basic High Level-Footnote-11319444 +Node: Basic Data Typing1319629 +Node: Glossary1322957 +Node: Copying1354842 +Node: GNU Free Documentation License1392385 +Node: Index1417505 End Tag Table |