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| -rw-r--r-- | doc/gawk.info | 936 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/gawk.texi | 106 |
2 files changed, 533 insertions, 509 deletions
diff --git a/doc/gawk.info b/doc/gawk.info index 88ad79ad..5aa4ad96 100644 --- a/doc/gawk.info +++ b/doc/gawk.info @@ -2339,6 +2339,11 @@ The following list describes options mandated by the POSIX standard: remains both for backward compatibility, and for use in combination with the `--traditional' option. +`-R FILE' +`--command=FILE' + `dgawk' only. Read `dgawk' debugger options and commands from + FILE. *Note Dgawk Info::, for more information. + `-S' `--sandbox' Disable the `system()' function, input redirections with `getline', @@ -18099,8 +18104,8 @@ any complexity. Thus, most programming languages have facilities available for "debugging" programs, and now `awk' is no exception. The `dgawk' debugger is purposely modeled after the GNU Debugger -(GDB) command-line debugger. If you are familiar with GDB, learning -`dgawk' is easy. +(GDB) (http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/) command-line debugger. If you +are familiar with GDB, learning `dgawk' is easy. * Menu: @@ -18137,7 +18142,7 @@ has no way of knowing what you or your users consider a "bug" and what is a "feature." (Sometimes, we humans have a hard time with this ourselves.) In that case, what can you expect from such a tool? The answer to that depends on the language being debugged, but in general, -it includes at least the following: +you can expect at least the following: * The ability to watch a program execute its instructions one by one, giving you, the programmer, the opportunity to think about what is @@ -18160,7 +18165,7 @@ it includes at least the following: All of these tools provide a great amount of help in using your own skills and understanding of the goals of your program to find where it is going wrong (or, for that matter, to better comprehend a perfectly -functional program that you or someone else wrote.) +functional program that you or someone else wrote). File: gawk.info, Node: Debugging Terms, Next: Awk Debugging, Prev: Debugging Concepts, Up: Debugging @@ -18168,9 +18173,8 @@ File: gawk.info, Node: Debugging Terms, Next: Awk Debugging, Prev: Debugging 14.1.2 Additional Debugging Concepts ------------------------------------ -Before diving in to the details, we need to introduce a few more -important concepts that apply to just about all debuggers, including -`dgawk'. +Before diving in to the details, we need to introduce several important +concepts that apply to just about all debuggers, including `dgawk'. "Stack Frame" Programs generally call functions during the course of their @@ -18266,7 +18270,7 @@ case, we call `dgawk' like this: $ dgawk -f getopt.awk -f join.awk -f uniq.awk inputfile where both `getopt.awk' and `uniq.awk' are in `$AWKPATH'. (Experienced -users of `gdb' or similar debuggers should note that this syntax is +users of GDB or similar debuggers should note that this syntax is slightly different from what they are used to. With `dgawk', the arguments for running the program are given in the command line to the debugger rather than as part of the `run' command at the debugger @@ -18324,7 +18328,8 @@ breakpoint the first time: dgawk> r -| Starting program: -| Stopping in Rule ... - -| Breakpoint 1, are_equal(n, m, clast, cline, alast, aline) at `awklib/eg/prog/uniq.awk':64 + -| Breakpoint 1, are_equal(n, m, clast, cline, alast, aline) + at `awklib/eg/prog/uniq.awk':64 -| 64 if (fcount == 0 && charcount == 0) dgawk> @@ -18334,7 +18339,8 @@ let's see how we got to where we are. At the prompt, we type `bt' current stack frames: dgawk> bt - -| #0 are_equal(n, m, clast, cline, alast, aline) at `awklib/eg/prog/uniq.awk':69 + -| #0 are_equal(n, m, clast, cline, alast, aline) + at `awklib/eg/prog/uniq.awk':69 -| #1 in main() at `awklib/eg/prog/uniq.awk':89 This tells us that `are_equal()' was called by the main program at @@ -18501,9 +18507,9 @@ The `dgawk' command set can be divided into the following categories: Each of these are discussed in the following subsections. In the following descriptions, commands which may be abbreviated show the abbreviation on a second description line. A `dgawk' command name may -also be truncated if that partial name is unambiguous. `dgawk' does -have a built-in capability to automatically repeat the previous command -when just hitting <Enter>. This works for the commands `list', `next', +also be truncated if that partial name is unambiguous. `dgawk' has the +built-in capability to automatically repeat the previous command when +just hitting <Enter>. This works for the commands `list', `next', `nexti', `step', `stepi' and `continue' executed without any argument. * Menu: @@ -18553,7 +18559,8 @@ controlling breakpoints are: Without any argument, delete any breakpoint at the next instruction to be executed in the selected stack frame. If the program stops at a breakpoint, this deletes that breakpoint so that the program - does not stop at that location again. + does not stop at that location again. Arguments can be one of the + following: N Delete breakpoint(s) set at line number N in the current @@ -18569,9 +18576,9 @@ controlling breakpoints are: `condition' N `"EXPRESSION"' Add a condition to existing breakpoint or watchpoint N. The condition is an `awk' expression that `dgawk' evaluates whenever - the breakpoint is reached. If the condition is true, then `dgawk' - stops execution and prompts for a command. Otherwise, `dgawk' - continues executing the program. + the breakpoint or watchpoint is reached. If the condition is true, + then `dgawk' stops execution and prompts for a command. Otherwise, + `dgawk' continues executing the program. `delete' [N1 N2 ...] [N-M] `d' [N1 N2 ...] [N-M] @@ -18589,19 +18596,20 @@ controlling breakpoints are: specify how to enable the breakpoint: `del' - Enable breakpoint(s) tempoarily, then delete it when the + Enable the breakpoint(s) tempoarily, then delete it when the program stops at the breakpoint. `once' - Enable breakpoint(s) temporarily, then disable it when the - program stops at the breakpoint. + Enable the breakpoint(s) temporarily, then disable it when + the program stops at the breakpoint. `ignore' N COUNT Ignore breakpoint number N the next COUNT times it is hit. `tbreak' [[FILENAME`:']N | FUNCTION] `t' [[FILENAME`:']N | FUNCTION] - Set a temporary breakpoint (enabled for only one stop). + Set a temporary breakpoint (enabled for only one stop). The + arguments are the same as for `break'. File: gawk.info, Node: Dgawk Execution Control, Next: Viewing And Changing Data, Prev: Breakpoint Control, Up: List of Debugger Commands @@ -18619,12 +18627,12 @@ execution of the program than we saw in our earlier example: `end' Set a list of commands to be executed upon stopping at a breakpoint or watchpoint. N is the breakpoint or watchpoint - number. Without a number, last one set is used. The actual - commands follow starting on the next line and are terminated by - the `end' command. If the command `silent' is in the list, the - usual messages about stopping at a breakpoint and the source line - are not printed. Any command in the list that resumes execution - (e.g. `continue') terminates the list (an implicit `end'), and + number. Without a number, the last one set is used. The actual + commands follow, starting on the next line, and terminated by the + `end' command. If the command `silent' is in the list, the usual + messages about stopping at a breakpoint and the source line are + not printed. Any command in the list that resumes execution (e.g. + `continue') terminates the list (an implicit `end'), and subsequent commands are ignored. For example: dgawk> commands @@ -18643,7 +18651,7 @@ execution of the program than we saw in our earlier example: COUNT times before stopping. `finish' - Execute until the selected stack frame returns. Prints the + Execute until the selected stack frame returns. Print the returned value. `next' [COUNT] @@ -18684,14 +18692,14 @@ execution of the program than we saw in our earlier example: Execute one (or COUNT) instruction(s), stepping inside function calls. (For illustration of what is meant by an "instruction" in `gawk', see the output shown under `dump' in *note Miscellaneous - Dgawk Commands::). + Dgawk Commands::.) `until' [[FILENAME`:']N | FUNCTION] `u' [[FILENAME`:']N | FUNCTION] - Without any argument, continues execution until a line past the - current line in current stack frame is reached. With argument, - continues execution until the specified location is reached, or - the current stack frame returns. + Without any argument, continue execution until a line past the + current line in current stack frame is reached. With an argument, + continue execution until the specified location is reached, or the + current stack frame returns. File: gawk.info, Node: Viewing And Changing Data, Next: Dgawk Stack, Prev: Dgawk Execution Control, Up: List of Debugger Commands @@ -18736,16 +18744,16 @@ AWK STATEMENTS dgawk> print $3 - prints the third field in the input record (if the specified field - does not exist, it prints `Null field'). A variable can be an - array element, with the subscripts being constant values. To print - the contents of an array, prefix the name of the array with the - `@' symbol: + This prints the third field in the input record (if the specified + field does not exist, it prints `Null field'). A variable can be + an array element, with the subscripts being constant values. To + print the contents of an array, prefix the name of the array with + the `@' symbol: gawk> print @a - prints the index and the corresponding value for all elements in - the array `a'. + This prints the indices and the corresponding values for all + elements in the array `a'. `printf' FORMAT [`,' ARG ...] Print formatted text. The FORMAT may include escape sequences, @@ -18789,11 +18797,11 @@ File: gawk.info, Node: Dgawk Stack, Next: Dgawk Info, Prev: Viewing And Chang ----------------------------- Whenever you run a program which contains any function calls, `gawk' -maintains a stack which has all of the functions leading up to where -the program is right now. You can see how you got to where you are, -and also move around in the stack to see what the state of things was -in the functions which called the one you are in. The commands for -doing this are: +maintains a stack of all of the function calls leading up to where the +program is right now. You can see how you got to where you are, and +also move around in the stack to see what the state of things was in the +functions which called the one you are in. The commands for doing this +are: `backtrace' [COUNT] `bt' [COUNT] @@ -18817,7 +18825,7 @@ doing this are: `up' [COUNT] Move COUNT (default 1) frames up the stack toward the outermost - frame. The select and print the frame. + frame. Then select and print the frame. File: gawk.info, Node: Dgawk Info, Next: Miscellaneous Dgawk Commands, Prev: Dgawk Stack, Up: List of Debugger Commands @@ -18829,7 +18837,7 @@ Besides looking at the values of variables, there is often a need to get other sorts of information about the state of your program and of the debugging environment itself. `dgawk' has one command which provides this information, appropriately called `info'. `info' is used with one -of a number of arguments which tell it exactly what you want to know: +of a number of arguments that tell it exactly what you want to know: `info' WHAT `i' WHAT @@ -18842,7 +18850,7 @@ of a number of arguments which tell it exactly what you want to know: List all currently set breakpoints. `display' - List of all items in the automatic display list. + List all items in the automatic display list. `frame' Description of the selected stack frame. @@ -18869,7 +18877,7 @@ of a number of arguments which tell it exactly what you want to know: List all global variables. `watch' - List of all items in the watch list. + List all items in the watch list. Additional commands give you control over the debugger, the ability to save the debugger's state, and the ability to run debugger commands @@ -18890,12 +18898,12 @@ from a file. The commands are: The number of lines that `list' prints. The default is 15. `outfile' - Sends `gawk' output to a file; debugger output still goes to + Send `gawk' output to a file; debugger output still goes to standard output. An empty string (`""') resets output to standard output. `prompt' - The debugger prompt. The default is `dgawk>'. + The debugger prompt. The default is `dgawk> '. `save_history [on | off]' Save command history to file `./.dgawk_history'. The default @@ -18925,7 +18933,7 @@ from a file. The commands are: In addition to, or instead of the `source' command, you can use the `-R FILE' or `--command=FILE' command-line options to execute - commands from a file non-interactively. + commands from a file non-interactively (*note Options::. File: gawk.info, Node: Miscellaneous Dgawk Commands, Prev: Dgawk Info, Up: List of Debugger Commands @@ -19034,9 +19042,9 @@ categories, as follows: `quit' `q' Exit the debugger. Debugging is great fun, but sometimes we all - have to tend to other obligations in life (and sometimes we find - the bug, and are free to go on to the next one!). As we saw - above, if you are running a program, `dgawk' warns you if you + have to tend to other obligations in life, and sometimes we find + the bug, and are free to go on to the next one! As we saw above, + if you are running a program, `dgawk' warns you if you accidentally type `q' or `quit', to make sure you really want to quit. @@ -19056,9 +19064,9 @@ File: gawk.info, Node: Readline Support, Next: Dgawk Limitations, Prev: List 14.4 Readline Support ===================== -If compiled with the `readline' library, you can take advantage of its -command completion and history expansion features. The following types -of completion are available: +If `dgawk' is compiled with the `readline' library, you can take +advantage of its command completion and history expansion features. The +following types of completion are available: Command completion Command names. @@ -19068,8 +19076,8 @@ Source file name completion `tbreak', and `until'. Argument completion - Non-numeric arguments to a command. Relevant commands are `info' - and `enable'. + Non-numeric arguments to a command. Relevant commands are + `enable' and `info'. Variable name completion Global variable names, and function arguments in the current @@ -19092,17 +19100,17 @@ limitations. A few which are worth being aware of are: Rather, it just responds `syntax error'. When you do figure out what your mistake was, though, you'll feel like a real guru. - * If you perused the dump of opcodes in *Note Miscellaneous Dgawk - Commands::, (or you are already familiar with `gawk' internals), + * If you perused the dump of opcodes in *note Miscellaneous Dgawk + Commands::, (or if you are already familiar with `gawk' internals), you will realize that much of the internal manipulation of data in `gawk', as in many interpreters, is done on a stack. `Op_push', `Op_pop', etc., are the "bread and butter" of most `gawk' code. - Unfortunately, as of now, `dgawk' does not provide the capability - of examining the stack's contents. + Unfortunately, as of now, `dgawk' does not allow you to examine + the stack's contents. That is, the intermediate results of expression evaluation are on the stack, but cannot be printed. Rather, only variables which - are defined in the program can actually be printed. Of course, a + are defined in the program can be printed. Of course, a workaround for this is to use more explicit variables at the debugging stage and then change back to obscure, perhaps more optimal code later. @@ -19120,7 +19128,7 @@ limitations. A few which are worth being aware of are: Look forward to a future release when these and other missing features may be added, and of course feel free to try to add them -yourself if you want. +yourself! File: gawk.info, Node: Language History, Next: Installation, Prev: Debugger, Up: Top @@ -24543,6 +24551,7 @@ Index * --assign option: Options. (line 32) * --c option: Options. (line 78) * --characters-as-bytes option: Options. (line 68) +* --command option: Options. (line 241) * --copyright option: Options. (line 86) * --disable-lint configuration option: Additional Configuration Options. (line 13) @@ -24556,10 +24565,10 @@ Index * --gen-pot option <1>: String Extraction. (line 6) * --gen-pot option: Options. (line 135) * --help option: Options. (line 142) -* --L option: Options. (line 250) +* --L option: Options. (line 255) * --lint option <1>: Options. (line 147) * --lint option: Command Line. (line 20) -* --lint-old option: Options. (line 250) +* --lint-old option: Options. (line 255) * --non-decimal-data option <1>: Nondecimal Data. (line 6) * --non-decimal-data option: Options. (line 166) * --non-decimal-data option, strtonum() function and: Nondecimal Data. @@ -24570,7 +24579,7 @@ Index * --profile option <1>: Profiling. (line 15) * --profile option: Options. (line 186) * --re-interval option: Options. (line 234) -* --sandbox option: Options. (line 241) +* --sandbox option: Options. (line 246) * --sandbox option, disabling system function: I/O Functions. (line 86) * --sandbox option, input redirection with getline: Getline. (line 19) * --sandbox option, output redirection with print, printf: Redirection. @@ -24579,7 +24588,7 @@ Index * --traditional option: Options. (line 78) * --traditional option, --posix option and: Options. (line 228) * --use-lc-numeric option: Options. (line 174) -* --version option: Options. (line 255) +* --version option: Options. (line 260) * --with-whiny-user-strftime configuration option: Additional Configuration Options. (line 9) * -b option: Options. (line 68) @@ -24592,8 +24601,8 @@ Index * -f option: Options. (line 25) * -F option: Options. (line 21) * -f option: Long. (line 12) -* -F option, -Ft sets FS to TAB: Options. (line 263) -* -f option, on command line: Options. (line 268) +* -F option, -Ft sets FS to TAB: Options. (line 268) +* -f option, on command line: Options. (line 273) * -g option: Options. (line 135) * -h option: Options. (line 142) * -l option: Options. (line 147) @@ -24602,9 +24611,10 @@ Index * -O option: Options. (line 179) * -P option: Options. (line 198) * -p option: Options. (line 186) +* -R option: Options. (line 241) * -r option: Options. (line 234) -* -S option: Options. (line 241) -* -V option: Options. (line 255) +* -S option: Options. (line 246) +* -V option: Options. (line 260) * -v option: Options. (line 32) * -v option, variables, assigning: Assignment Options. (line 12) * -W option: Options. (line 46) @@ -25155,7 +25165,7 @@ Index * complement, bitwise: Bitwise Functions. (line 25) * compound statements, control statements and: Statements. (line 10) * concatenating: Concatenation. (line 9) -* condition debugger command: Breakpoint Control. (line 50) +* condition debugger command: Breakpoint Control. (line 51) * conditional expressions: Conditional Exp. (line 6) * configuration option, --disable-lint: Additional Configuration Options. (line 13) @@ -25188,7 +25198,7 @@ Index * cos() function: Numeric Functions. (line 14) * counting: Wc Program. (line 6) * csh utility: Statements/Lines. (line 44) -* csh utility, POSIXLY_CORRECT environment variable: Options. (line 306) +* csh utility, POSIXLY_CORRECT environment variable: Options. (line 311) * csh utility, |& operator, comparison with: Two-way I/O. (line 44) * ctime() user-defined function: Function Example. (line 72) * currency symbols, localization: Explaining gettext. (line 103) @@ -25197,7 +25207,7 @@ Index * cut utility: Cut Program. (line 6) * cut.awk program: Cut Program. (line 45) * Cygwin build of gawk: Cygwin. (line 6) -* d debugger command (alias for break): Breakpoint Control. (line 57) +* d debugger command (alias for break): Breakpoint Control. (line 58) * d.c., See dark corner: Conventions. (line 37) * dark corner <1>: Glossary. (line 187) * dark corner <2>: Truth Values. (line 24) @@ -25269,19 +25279,19 @@ Index * debugger commands, clear: Breakpoint Control. (line 33) * debugger commands, commands: Dgawk Execution Control. (line 10) -* debugger commands, condition: Breakpoint Control. (line 50) +* debugger commands, condition: Breakpoint Control. (line 51) * debugger commands, continue: Dgawk Execution Control. (line 33) -* debugger commands, d (delete): Breakpoint Control. (line 57) -* debugger commands, delete: Breakpoint Control. (line 57) -* debugger commands, disable: Breakpoint Control. (line 62) +* debugger commands, d (delete): Breakpoint Control. (line 58) +* debugger commands, delete: Breakpoint Control. (line 58) +* debugger commands, disable: Breakpoint Control. (line 63) * debugger commands, display: Viewing And Changing Data. (line 8) * debugger commands, down: Dgawk Stack. (line 21) * debugger commands, dump: Miscellaneous Dgawk Commands. (line 9) -* debugger commands, e (enable): Breakpoint Control. (line 66) -* debugger commands, enable: Breakpoint Control. (line 66) +* debugger commands, e (enable): Breakpoint Control. (line 67) +* debugger commands, enable: Breakpoint Control. (line 67) * debugger commands, end: Dgawk Execution Control. (line 10) * debugger commands, eval: Viewing And Changing Data. @@ -25295,7 +25305,7 @@ Index * debugger commands, help: Miscellaneous Dgawk Commands. (line 71) * debugger commands, i (info): Dgawk Info. (line 12) -* debugger commands, ignore: Breakpoint Control. (line 80) +* debugger commands, ignore: Breakpoint Control. (line 81) * debugger commands, info: Dgawk Info. (line 12) * debugger commands, l (list): Miscellaneous Dgawk Commands. (line 77) @@ -25339,8 +25349,8 @@ Index (line 68) * debugger commands, stepi: Dgawk Execution Control. (line 76) -* debugger commands, t (tbreak): Breakpoint Control. (line 83) -* debugger commands, tbreak: Breakpoint Control. (line 83) +* debugger commands, t (tbreak): Breakpoint Control. (line 84) +* debugger commands, tbreak: Breakpoint Control. (line 84) * debugger commands, trace: Miscellaneous Dgawk Commands. (line 113) * debugger commands, u (until): Dgawk Execution Control. @@ -25363,7 +25373,7 @@ Index * Deifik, Scott <1>: Bugs. (line 69) * Deifik, Scott <2>: Contributors. (line 53) * Deifik, Scott: Acknowledgments. (line 59) -* delete debugger command: Breakpoint Control. (line 57) +* delete debugger command: Breakpoint Control. (line 58) * delete statement: Delete. (line 6) * deleting elements in arrays: Delete. (line 6) * deleting entire arrays: Delete. (line 39) @@ -25438,7 +25448,7 @@ Index (line 6) * directories, searching <1>: Igawk Program. (line 364) * directories, searching: AWKPATH Variable. (line 6) -* disable debugger command: Breakpoint Control. (line 62) +* disable debugger command: Breakpoint Control. (line 63) * display debugger command: Viewing And Changing Data. (line 8) * division: Arithmetic Ops. (line 44) @@ -25463,7 +25473,7 @@ Index (line 9) * dupnode internal function: Internals. (line 87) * dupword.awk program: Dupword Program. (line 31) -* e debugger command (alias for break): Breakpoint Control. (line 66) +* e debugger command (alias for break): Breakpoint Control. (line 67) * EBCDIC: Ordinal Functions. (line 45) * egrep utility <1>: Egrep Program. (line 6) * egrep utility: Character Lists. (line 23) @@ -25479,7 +25489,7 @@ Index * empty pattern: Empty. (line 6) * empty strings, See null strings: Regexp Field Splitting. (line 43) -* enable debugger command: Breakpoint Control. (line 66) +* enable debugger command: Breakpoint Control. (line 67) * end debugger command: Dgawk Execution Control. (line 10) * END pattern: BEGIN/END. (line 6) @@ -25843,7 +25853,7 @@ Index * gawk, string-translation functions: I18N Functions. (line 6) * gawk, timestamps: Time Functions. (line 6) * gawk, uses for: Preface. (line 35) -* gawk, versions of, information about, printing: Options. (line 255) +* gawk, versions of, information about, printing: Options. (line 260) * gawk, word-boundary operator: GNU Regexp Operators. (line 63) * General Public License (GPL): Glossary. (line 295) @@ -25950,7 +25960,7 @@ Index * if statement: Regexp Usage. (line 19) * if statement, actions, changing: Ranges. (line 25) * igawk.sh program: Igawk Program. (line 124) -* ignore debugger command: Breakpoint Control. (line 80) +* ignore debugger command: Breakpoint Control. (line 81) * IGNORECASE variable <1>: User-modified. (line 82) * IGNORECASE variable: Case-sensitivity. (line 26) * IGNORECASE variable, array sorting and: Array Sorting. (line 69) @@ -26122,7 +26132,7 @@ Index * lint checking, empty programs: Command Line. (line 16) * lint checking, issuing warnings: Options. (line 147) * lint checking, POSIXLY_CORRECT environment variable: Options. - (line 293) + (line 298) * lint checking, undefined functions: Pass By Value/Reference. (line 88) * LINT variable: User-modified. (line 98) @@ -26427,7 +26437,7 @@ Index * portability, NF variable, decrementing: Changing Fields. (line 115) * portability, operators: Increment Ops. (line 61) * portability, operators, not in POSIX awk: Precedence. (line 98) -* portability, POSIXLY_CORRECT environment variable: Options. (line 311) +* portability, POSIXLY_CORRECT environment variable: Options. (line 316) * portability, substr() function: String Functions. (line 484) * portable object files <1>: Translator i18n. (line 6) * portable object files: Explaining gettext. (line 36) @@ -26479,7 +26489,7 @@ Index * POSIX, awk and: Preface. (line 22) * POSIX, gawk extensions not included in: POSIX/GNU. (line 6) * POSIX, programs, implementing in awk: Clones. (line 6) -* POSIXLY_CORRECT environment variable: Options. (line 293) +* POSIXLY_CORRECT environment variable: Options. (line 298) * precedence <1>: Precedence. (line 6) * precedence: Increment Ops. (line 61) * precedence, regexp operators: Regexp Operators. (line 151) @@ -26704,7 +26714,7 @@ Index * rvalues/lvalues: Assignment Ops. (line 32) * s debugger command (alias for step): Dgawk Execution Control. (line 68) -* sandbox mode: Options. (line 241) +* sandbox mode: Options. (line 246) * scalar values: Basic Data Typing. (line 13) * Schorr, Andrew: Acknowledgments. (line 59) * Schreiber, Bert: Acknowledgments. (line 37) @@ -26871,9 +26881,9 @@ Index (line 148) * system() function: I/O Functions. (line 64) * systime() function (gawk): Time Functions. (line 64) -* t debugger command (alias for tbreak): Breakpoint Control. (line 83) +* t debugger command (alias for tbreak): Breakpoint Control. (line 84) * tandem: Tandem Installation. (line 6) -* tbreak debugger command: Breakpoint Control. (line 83) +* tbreak debugger command: Breakpoint Control. (line 84) * Tcl: Library Names. (line 57) * TCP/IP: TCP/IP Networking. (line 6) * TCP/IP, support for: Special Network. (line 6) @@ -27157,370 +27167,370 @@ Node: When94106 Node: Invoking Gawk96249 Node: Command Line97634 Node: Options98417 -Ref: Options-Footnote-1111613 -Node: Other Arguments111638 -Node: Naming Standard Input114301 -Node: Environment Variables115265 -Node: AWKPATH Variable115709 -Ref: AWKPATH Variable-Footnote-1118446 -Node: Other Environment Variables118706 -Node: Exit Status121054 -Node: Include Files121729 -Node: Obsolete125120 -Node: Undocumented125806 -Node: Regexp126047 -Node: Regexp Usage127499 -Node: Escape Sequences129525 -Node: Regexp Operators135268 -Ref: Regexp Operators-Footnote-1142440 -Ref: Regexp Operators-Footnote-2142587 -Node: Character Lists142685 -Ref: table-char-classes144460 -Node: GNU Regexp Operators147085 -Node: Case-sensitivity150798 -Ref: Case-sensitivity-Footnote-1153753 -Ref: Case-sensitivity-Footnote-2153988 -Node: Leftmost Longest154096 -Node: Computed Regexps155297 -Node: Locales158714 -Node: Reading Files162256 -Node: Records164197 -Ref: Records-Footnote-1172869 -Node: Fields172906 -Ref: Fields-Footnote-1175938 -Node: Nonconstant Fields176024 -Node: Changing Fields178226 -Node: Field Separators183511 -Node: Default Field Splitting186140 -Node: Regexp Field Splitting187257 -Node: Single Character Fields190607 -Node: Command Line Field Separator191658 -Node: Field Splitting Summary195097 -Ref: Field Splitting Summary-Footnote-1198283 -Node: Constant Size198384 -Node: Splitting By Content202946 -Ref: Splitting By Content-Footnote-1206672 -Node: Multiple Line206712 -Ref: Multiple Line-Footnote-1212559 -Node: Getline212738 -Node: Plain Getline214966 -Node: Getline/Variable217055 -Node: Getline/File218196 -Node: Getline/Variable/File219518 -Ref: Getline/Variable/File-Footnote-1221117 -Node: Getline/Pipe221204 -Node: Getline/Variable/Pipe223752 -Node: Getline/Coprocess224859 -Node: Getline/Variable/Coprocess226102 -Node: Getline Notes226816 -Node: Getline Summary228758 -Ref: table-getline-variants229042 -Node: Command line 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Go through CAUTION, NOTE, @strong, @quotation, etc. Document common extensions with COMMONEXT marking & index entry. Pick a reasonable name for BWK awk and use it everywhere (search for Bell Laboratories) Review use of "Modern xxx systems..." DONE: + Globally add () after built in function names. @end ignore @c %**start of header (This is for running Texinfo on a region.) @setfilename gawk.info @@ -3309,6 +3310,14 @@ This is now @command{gawk}'s default behavior. Nevertheless, this option remains both for backward compatibility, and for use in combination with the @option{--traditional} option. +@item -R @var{file} +@itemx --command=@var{file} +@cindex @code{-R} option +@cindex @code{--command} option +@command{dgawk} only. +Read @command{dgawk} debugger options and commands from @var{file}. +@xref{Dgawk Info}, for more information. + @item -S @itemx --sandbox @cindex @code{-S} option @@ -24376,8 +24385,9 @@ were run, but in real life, this rarely happens for programs of any complexity. Thus, most programming languages have facilities available for ``debugging'' programs, and now @command{awk} is no exception. -The @command{dgawk} debugger is purposely modeled after the GNU Debugger -(GDB) command-line debugger. If you are familiar with GDB, learning +The @command{dgawk} debugger is purposely modeled after +@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/, the GNU Debugger (GDB)} +command-line debugger. If you are familiar with GDB, learning @command{dgawk} is easy. @menu @@ -24408,7 +24418,7 @@ Of course, a debugging program cannot remove bugs for you, since it has no way of knowing what you or your users consider a ``bug'' and what is a ``feature.'' (Sometimes, we humans have a hard time with this ourselves.) In that case, what can you expect from such a tool? The answer to that -depends on the language being debugged, but in general, it includes at +depends on the language being debugged, but in general, you can expect at least the following: @itemize @bullet @@ -24438,12 +24448,12 @@ or even its internal structure. All of these tools provide a great amount of help in using your own skills and understanding of the goals of your program to find where it is going wrong (or, for that matter, to better comprehend a perfectly -functional program that you or someone else wrote.) +functional program that you or someone else wrote). @node Debugging Terms @subsection Additional Debugging Concepts -Before diving in to the details, we need to introduce a few more +Before diving in to the details, we need to introduce several important concepts that apply to just about all debuggers, including @command{dgawk}. @@ -24536,7 +24546,7 @@ $ @kbd{dgawk -f getopt.awk -f join.awk -f uniq.awk inputfile} @noindent where both @file{getopt.awk} and @file{uniq.awk} are in @env{$AWKPATH}. -(Experienced users of @command{gdb} or similar debuggers should note that +(Experienced users of GDB or similar debuggers should note that this syntax is slightly different from what they are used to. With @command{dgawk}, the arguments for running the program are given in the command line to the debugger rather than as part of the @code{run} @@ -24597,26 +24607,28 @@ dgawk> @kbd{b are_equal} @end example The debugger tells us the file and line number where the breakpoint is. -Now type @code{r} or @code{run} and the program runs until it hits +Now type @samp{r} or @samp{run} and the program runs until it hits the breakpoint the first time: @example dgawk> @kbd{r} @print{} Starting program: @print{} Stopping in Rule ... -@print{} Breakpoint 1, are_equal(n, m, clast, cline, alast, aline) at `awklib/eg/prog/uniq.awk':64 +@print{} Breakpoint 1, are_equal(n, m, clast, cline, alast, aline) + at `awklib/eg/prog/uniq.awk':64 @print{} 64 if (fcount == 0 && charcount == 0) dgawk> @end example Now we can look at what's going on inside our program. First of all, -let's see how we got to where we are. At the prompt, we type @code{bt} +let's see how we got to where we are. At the prompt, we type @samp{bt} (short for ``backtrace''), and @command{dgawk} responds with a listing of the current stack frames: @example dgawk> @kbd{bt} -@print{} #0 are_equal(n, m, clast, cline, alast, aline) at `awklib/eg/prog/uniq.awk':69 +@print{} #0 are_equal(n, m, clast, cline, alast, aline) + at `awklib/eg/prog/uniq.awk':69 @print{} #1 in main() at `awklib/eg/prog/uniq.awk':89 @end example @@ -24680,7 +24692,7 @@ Everything we have done so far has verified that the program has worked as planned, up to and including the call to @code{are_equal()}, so the problem must be inside this function. To investigate further, we have to begin ``stepping through'' the lines of @code{are_equal()}. We start by typing -@code{n} (for ``next''): +@samp{n} (for ``next''): @example dgawk> @kbd{n} @@ -24832,7 +24844,7 @@ Each of these are discussed in the following subsections. In the following descriptions, commands which may be abbreviated show the abbreviation on a second description line. A @command{dgawk} command name may also be truncated if that partial -name is unambiguous. @command{dgawk} does have a built-in capability to +name is unambiguous. @command{dgawk} has the built-in capability to automatically repeat the previous command when just hitting @key{Enter}. This works for the commands @code{list}, @code{next}, @code{nexti}, @code{step}, @code{stepi} and @code{continue} executed without any argument. @@ -24891,7 +24903,7 @@ continues executing the program. Without any argument, delete any breakpoint at the next instruction to be executed in the selected stack frame. If the program stops at a breakpoint, this deletes that breakpoint so that the program -does not stop at that location again. +does not stop at that location again. Arguments can be one of the following: @c nested table @table @var @@ -24910,7 +24922,7 @@ Delete breakpoint(s) set at entry to function @var{function}. @item @code{condition} @var{n} @code{"@var{expression}"} Add a condition to existing breakpoint or watchpoint @var{n}. The condition is an @command{awk} expression that @command{dgawk} evaluates -whenever the breakpoint is reached. If the condition is true, then +whenever the breakpoint or watchpoint is reached. If the condition is true, then @command{dgawk} stops execution and prompts for a command. Otherwise, @command{dgawk} continues executing the program. @@ -24942,11 +24954,11 @@ Optionally, you can specify how to enable the breakpoint: @c nested table @table @code @item del -Enable breakpoint(s) tempoarily, then delete it when +Enable the breakpoint(s) tempoarily, then delete it when the program stops at the breakpoint. @item once -Enable breakpoint(s) temporarily, then disable it when +Enable the breakpoint(s) temporarily, then disable it when the program stops at the breakpoint. @end table @@ -24963,6 +24975,7 @@ hit. @item @code{tbreak} [[@var{filename}@code{:}]@var{n} | @var{function}] @itemx @code{t} [[@var{filename}@code{:}]@var{n} | @var{function}] Set a temporary breakpoint (enabled for only one stop). +The arguments are the same as for @code{break}. @end table @node Dgawk Execution Control @@ -24985,8 +24998,8 @@ execution of the program than we saw in our earlier example: @itemx @code{end} Set a list of commands to be executed upon stopping at a breakpoint or watchpoint. @var{n} is the breakpoint or watchpoint number. -Without a number, last one set is used. The actual commands follow -starting on the next line and are terminated by the @code{end} command. +Without a number, the last one set is used. The actual commands follow, +starting on the next line, and terminated by the @code{end} command. If the command @code{silent} is in the list, the usual messages about stopping at a breakpoint and the source line are not printed. Any command in the list that resumes execution (e.g. @code{continue}) terminates the list @@ -25016,7 +25029,7 @@ before stopping. @cindex @code{finish} debugger command @item @code{finish} Execute until the selected stack frame returns. -Prints the returned value. +Print the returned value. @cindex debugger commands, @code{n} (@code{next}) @cindex debugger commands, @code{next} @@ -25074,7 +25087,7 @@ stopping, unless it encounters a breakpoint or watchpoint. @itemx @code{si} [@var{count}] Execute one (or @var{count}) instruction(s), stepping inside function calls. (For illustration of what is meant by an ``instruction'' in @command{gawk}, -see the output shown under @code{dump} in @ref{Miscellaneous Dgawk Commands}). +see the output shown under @code{dump} in @ref{Miscellaneous Dgawk Commands}.) @cindex debugger commands, @code{u} (@code{until}) @cindex debugger commands, @code{until} @@ -25082,9 +25095,9 @@ see the output shown under @code{dump} in @ref{Miscellaneous Dgawk Commands}). @cindex @code{u} debugger command (alias for @code{until}) @item @code{until} [[@var{filename}@code{:}]@var{n} | @var{function}] @itemx @code{u} [[@var{filename}@code{:}]@var{n} | @var{function}] -Without any argument, continues execution until a line past the current -line in current stack frame is reached. With argument, -continues execution until the specified location is reached, or the current +Without any argument, continue execution until a line past the current +line in current stack frame is reached. With an argument, +continue execution until the specified location is reached, or the current stack frame returns. @end table @@ -25143,7 +25156,7 @@ dgawk> @kbd{print $3} @end example @noindent -prints the third field in the input record (if the specified field does not +This prints the third field in the input record (if the specified field does not exist, it prints @samp{Null field}). A variable can be an array element, with the subscripts being constant values. To print the contents of an array, prefix the name of the array with the @samp{@@} symbol: @@ -25153,7 +25166,7 @@ gawk> @kbd{print @@a} @end example @noindent -prints the index and the corresponding value for all elements in +This prints the indices and the corresponding values for all elements in the array @code{a}. @cindex debugger commands, @code{printf} @@ -25210,7 +25223,7 @@ watch list. @subsection Dealing With The Stack Whenever you run a program which contains any function calls, -@command{gawk} maintains a stack which has all of the functions leading up +@command{gawk} maintains a stack of all of the function calls leading up to where the program is right now. You can see how you got to where you are, and also move around in the stack to see what the state of things was in the functions which called the one you are in. The commands for doing this are: @@ -25248,7 +25261,7 @@ innermost one. The highest numbered frame is the one for the main program. @cindex @code{up} debugger command @item @code{up} [@var{count}] Move @var{count} (default 1) frames up the stack toward the outermost frame. -The select and print the frame. +Then select and print the frame. @end table @node Dgawk Info @@ -25258,7 +25271,7 @@ Besides looking at the values of variables, there is often a need to get other sorts of information about the state of your program and of the debugging environment itself. @command{dgawk} has one command which provides this information, appropriately called @code{info}. @code{info} -is used with one of a number of arguments which tell it exactly what +is used with one of a number of arguments that tell it exactly what you want to know: @table @asis @@ -25279,7 +25292,7 @@ Arguments of the selected frame. List all currently set breakpoints. @item display -List of all items in the automatic display list. +List all items in the automatic display list. @item frame Description of the selected stack frame. @@ -25306,7 +25319,7 @@ List all program sources. List all global variables. @item watch -List of all items in the watch list. +List all items in the watch list. @end table @end table @@ -25337,12 +25350,12 @@ The default is 100. The number of lines that @code{list} prints. The default is 15. @item outfile -Sends @command{gawk} output to a file; debugger output still goes +Send @command{gawk} output to a file; debugger output still goes to standard output. An empty string (@code{""}) resets output to standard output. @item prompt -The debugger prompt. The default is @samp{dgawk>}. +The debugger prompt. The default is @samp{@w{dgawk> }}. @item save_history @r{[}on @r{|} off@r{]} Save command history to file @file{./.dgawk_history}. @@ -25374,7 +25387,8 @@ same file more than once in order to avoid infinite recursion. In addition to, or instead of the @code{source} command, you can use the @option{-R @var{file}} or @option{--command=@var{file}} command-line -options to execute commands from a file non-interactively. +options to execute commands from a file non-interactively +(@pxref{Options}. @end table @node Miscellaneous Dgawk Commands @@ -25501,10 +25515,10 @@ function @var{function}. This command may change the current source file. @item @code{quit} @itemx @code{q} Exit the debugger. Debugging is great fun, but sometimes we all have -to tend to other obligations in life (and sometimes we find the bug, -and are free to go on to the next one!). As we saw above, if you are +to tend to other obligations in life, and sometimes we find the bug, +and are free to go on to the next one! As we saw above, if you are running a program, @command{dgawk} warns you if you accidentally type -@code{q} or @code{quit}, to make sure you really want to quit. +@samp{q} or @samp{quit}, to make sure you really want to quit. @cindex debugger commands, @code{trace} @cindex @code{trace} debugger command @@ -25522,9 +25536,9 @@ fairly self-explanatory, and using @code{stepi} and @code{nexti} while @node Readline Support @section Readline Support -If compiled with the @code{readline} library, you can take advantage of -its command completion and history expansion features. The following types -of completion are available: +If @command{dgawk} is compiled with the @code{readline} library, you +can take advantage of its command completion and history expansion +features. The following types of completion are available: @table @asis @item Command completion @@ -25541,7 +25555,7 @@ and @item Argument completion Non-numeric arguments to a command. -Relevant commands are @code{info} and @code{enable}. +Relevant commands are @code{enable} and @code{info}. @item Variable name completion Global variable names, and function arguments in the current context @@ -25569,17 +25583,17 @@ responds @samp{syntax error}. When you do figure out what your mistake was, though, you'll feel like a real guru. @item -If you perused the dump of opcodes in @xref{Miscellaneous Dgawk Commands}, -(or you are already familiar with @command{gawk} internals), +If you perused the dump of opcodes in @ref{Miscellaneous Dgawk Commands}, +(or if you are already familiar with @command{gawk} internals), you will realize that much of the internal manipulation of data in @command{gawk}, as in many interpreters, is done on a stack. @code{Op_push}, @code{Op_pop}, etc., are the ``bread and butter'' of most @command{gawk} code. Unfortunately, as of now, @command{dgawk} -does not provide the capability of examining the stack's contents. +does not allow you to examine the stack's contents. That is, the intermediate results of expression evaluation are on the stack, but cannot be printed. Rather, only variables which are defined -in the program can actually be printed. Of course, a workaround for +in the program can be printed. Of course, a workaround for this is to use more explicit variables at the debugging stage and then change back to obscure, perhaps more optimal code later. @@ -25598,7 +25612,7 @@ executing, short programs. @end itemize Look forward to a future release when these and other missing features may -be added, and of course feel free to try to add them yourself if you want. +be added, and of course feel free to try to add them yourself! @ignore @c Try this |