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author | Arnold D. Robbins <arnold@skeeve.com> | 2011-01-02 22:06:59 +0200 |
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committer | Arnold D. Robbins <arnold@skeeve.com> | 2011-01-02 22:06:59 +0200 |
commit | fb6fd355f19270e615c178612f640536a1d2345c (patch) | |
tree | 2a2c2b8e68367df5ac9df4e0c5f1346de2790b14 /doc/gawk.info | |
parent | 001c8d1eb6130aeaa16b35bcf17141f0667e58fb (diff) | |
download | egawk-fb6fd355f19270e615c178612f640536a1d2345c.tar.gz egawk-fb6fd355f19270e615c178612f640536a1d2345c.tar.bz2 egawk-fb6fd355f19270e615c178612f640536a1d2345c.zip |
Lots more doc updates.
Diffstat (limited to 'doc/gawk.info')
-rw-r--r-- | doc/gawk.info | 866 |
1 files changed, 435 insertions, 431 deletions
diff --git a/doc/gawk.info b/doc/gawk.info index 27c578b5..a1a20461 100644 --- a/doc/gawk.info +++ b/doc/gawk.info @@ -918,8 +918,9 @@ index under the heading "dark corner." As noted by the opening quote, though, any coverage of dark corners is, by definition, incomplete. - Extensions to the standard `awk' language are marked "(c.e.)," and -listed in the index under "common extensions" and "extensions, common." + Extensions to the standard `awk' language that are supported by more +than one `awk' implementation are marked "(c.e.)," and listed in the +index under "common extensions" and "extensions, common." File: gawk.info, Node: Manual History, Next: How To Contribute, Prev: Conventions, Up: Preface @@ -6901,7 +6902,7 @@ order from the highest precedence to the lowest: `X ^ Y' `X ** Y' Exponentiation; X raised to the Y power. `2 ^ 3' has the value - eight; the character sequence `**' is equivalent to `^'. + eight; the character sequence `**' is equivalent to `^'. (c.e.) `X * Y' Multiplication. @@ -7173,7 +7174,7 @@ COEFFICIENT LVALUE `/=' DIVISOR Divides the value of LVALUE by DIVISOR. LVALUE `%=' MODULUS Sets LVALUE to its remainder by MODULUS. LVALUE `^=' POWER -LVALUE `**=' POWER Raises LVALUE to the power POWER. +LVALUE `**=' POWER Raises LVALUE to the power POWER. (c.e.) Table 6.2: Arithmetic Assignment Operators @@ -11232,7 +11233,7 @@ parameters are enclosed in square brackets ([ ]): `fflush([FILENAME])' Flush any buffered output associated with FILENAME, which is either a file opened for writing or a shell command for - redirecting output to a pipe or coprocess. + redirecting output to a pipe or coprocess. (c.e.). Many utility programs "buffer" their output; i.e., they save information to write to a disk file or the screen in memory until @@ -19399,6 +19400,8 @@ the current version of `gawk'. * Changes and/or additions to the language: + - The `\x' escape sequence (*note Escape Sequences::). + - Full support for both POSIX and GNU regexps, with interval expressions being matched by default. (*note Regexp::). @@ -21447,8 +21450,7 @@ other POSIX-compliant systems:(1) int plugin_is_GPL_compatible; - /* do_chdir --- provide dynamically loaded - chdir() builtin for gawk */ + /* do_chdir --- provide dynamically loaded chdir() builtin for gawk */ static NODE * do_chdir(int nargs) @@ -21483,7 +21485,6 @@ system call. If the `chdir' fails, `ERRNO' is updated. Finally, the function returns the return value to the `awk' level: - /* Set the return value */ return make_number((AWKNUM) ret); } @@ -21491,12 +21492,10 @@ system call. If the `chdir' fails, `ERRNO' is updated. turns a numeric mode into a printable representation (e.g., 644 becomes `-rw-r--r--'). This is omitted here for brevity: - /* format_mode --- turn a stat mode field - into something readable */ + /* format_mode --- turn a stat mode field into something readable */ static char * - format_mode(fmode) - unsigned long fmode; + format_mode(unsigned long fmode) { ... } @@ -21516,7 +21515,6 @@ variable declarations and argument checking: char *pmode; /* printable mode */ char *type = "unknown"; - if (do_lint && get_curfunc_arg_count() > 2) lintwarn("stat: called with too many arguments"); @@ -21560,7 +21558,6 @@ calls are shown here, since they all follow the same pattern: When done, return the `lstat' return value: - /* Set the return value */ return make_number((AWKNUM) ret); } @@ -21571,9 +21568,7 @@ named `dlload' that does the job: /* dlload --- load new builtins in this library */ NODE * - dlload(tree, dl) - NODE *tree; - void *dl; + dlload(NODE *tree, void *dl) { make_builtin("chdir", do_chdir, 1); make_builtin("stat", do_stat, 2); @@ -21601,7 +21596,7 @@ Assuming that the functions are in a file named `filefuncs.c', and IDIR is the location of the `gawk' include files, the following steps create a GNU/Linux shared library: - $ gcc -shared -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -c -O -g -IIDIR filefuncs.c + $ gcc -fPIC -shared -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -c -O -g -IIDIR filefuncs.c $ ld -o filefuncs.so -shared filefuncs.o Once the library exists, it is loaded by calling the `extension()' @@ -21625,6 +21620,13 @@ shared library: printf "data[\"%s\"] = %s\n", i, data[i] print "testff.awk modified:", strftime("%m %d %y %H:%M:%S", data["mtime"]) + + print "\nInfo for JUNK" + ret = stat("JUNK", data) + print "ret =", ret + for (i in data) + printf "data[\"%s\"] = %s\n", i, data[i] + print "JUNK modified:", strftime("%m %d %y %H:%M:%S", data["mtime"]) } Here are the results of running the program: @@ -21632,22 +21634,26 @@ shared library: $ gawk -f testff.awk -| Info for testff.awk -| ret = 0 + -| data["size"] = 607 + -| data["ino"] = 14945891 + -| data["name"] = testff.awk + -| data["pmode"] = -rw-rw-r-- + -| data["nlink"] = 1 + -| data["atime"] = 1293993369 + -| data["mtime"] = 1288520752 + -| data["mode"] = 33204 -| data["blksize"] = 4096 - -| data["mtime"] = 932361936 - -| data["mode"] = 33188 + -| data["dev"] = 2054 -| data["type"] = file - -| data["dev"] = 2065 - -| data["gid"] = 10 - -| data["ino"] = 878597 - -| data["ctime"] = 971431797 - -| data["blocks"] = 2 - -| data["nlink"] = 1 - -| data["name"] = testff.awk - -| data["atime"] = 971608519 - -| data["pmode"] = -rw-r--r-- - -| data["size"] = 607 - -| data["uid"] = 2076 - -| testff.awk modified: 07 19 99 08:25:36 + -| data["gid"] = 500 + -| data["uid"] = 500 + -| data["blocks"] = 8 + -| data["ctime"] = 1290113572 + -| testff.awk modified: 10 31 10 12:25:52 + -| + -| Info for JUNK + -| ret = -1 + -| JUNK modified: 01 01 70 02:00:00 File: gawk.info, Node: Future Extensions, Prev: Dynamic Extensions, Up: Notes @@ -21682,11 +21688,6 @@ Loadable module interface `"RECLEN"', depending upon which kind of record processing is in effect. -Additional `printf' specifiers - The 1999 ISO C standard added a number of additional `printf' - format specifiers. These should be evaluated for possible - inclusion in `gawk'. - Databases It may be possible to map a GDBM/NDBM/SDBM file into an `awk' array. @@ -21716,9 +21717,6 @@ Better array subscript management so that using the same value to index multiple arrays only stores one copy of the index value. -Integrating the DBUG library - Integrating Fred Fish's DBUG library would be helpful during - development, but it's a lot of work to do. Finally, the programs in the test suite could use documenting in this Info file. @@ -24786,7 +24784,10 @@ Index (line 10) * commenting: Comments. (line 6) * commenting, backslash continuation and: Statements/Lines. (line 76) +* common extensions, ** operator: Arithmetic Ops. (line 36) +* common extensions, **= operator: Assignment Ops. (line 136) * common extensions, \x escape sequence: Escape Sequences. (line 61) +* common extensions, fflush() function: I/O Functions. (line 25) * comp.lang.awk newsgroup: Bugs. (line 38) * comparison expressions: Typing and Comparison. (line 9) @@ -25214,7 +25215,10 @@ Index * extension() function (gawk): Using Internal File Ops. (line 15) * extensions, Brian Kernighan's awk: BTL. (line 6) +* extensions, common, ** operator: Arithmetic Ops. (line 36) +* extensions, common, **= operator: Assignment Ops. (line 136) * extensions, common, \x escape sequence: Escape Sequences. (line 61) +* extensions, common, fflush() function: I/O Functions. (line 25) * extensions, in gawk, not in POSIX awk: POSIX/GNU. (line 6) * extensions, mawk: Other Versions. (line 51) * extract.awk program: Extract Program. (line 78) @@ -26189,7 +26193,7 @@ Index (line 10) * programming conventions, functions, writing: Definition Syntax. (line 55) -* programming conventions, gawk internals: Internal File Ops. (line 34) +* programming conventions, gawk internals: Internal File Ops. (line 33) * programming conventions, nextfile statement: Nextfile Function. (line 20) * programming conventions, private variable names: Library Names. @@ -26778,395 +26782,395 @@ Ref: Names-Footnote-141292 Node: This Manual41364 Ref: This Manual-Footnote-146262 Node: Conventions46362 -Node: Manual History48421 -Ref: Manual History-Footnote-151599 -Ref: Manual History-Footnote-251640 -Node: How To Contribute51714 -Node: Acknowledgments52858 -Node: Getting Started57106 -Node: Running gawk59485 -Node: One-shot60671 -Node: Read Terminal61896 -Ref: Read Terminal-Footnote-163546 -Ref: Read Terminal-Footnote-263820 -Node: Long63991 -Node: Executable Scripts65367 -Ref: Executable Scripts-Footnote-167228 -Ref: Executable Scripts-Footnote-267330 -Node: Comments67781 -Node: Quoting70248 -Node: DOS Quoting74865 -Node: Sample Data Files75540 -Node: Very Simple78572 -Node: Two Rules83169 -Node: More Complex85316 -Ref: More Complex-Footnote-188246 -Node: Statements/Lines88326 -Ref: Statements/Lines-Footnote-192788 -Node: Other Features93053 -Node: When93922 -Node: Invoking Gawk96065 -Node: Command Line97450 -Node: Options98233 -Ref: Options-Footnote-1111578 -Node: Other Arguments111603 -Node: Naming Standard Input114266 -Node: Environment Variables115230 -Node: AWKPATH Variable115674 -Ref: AWKPATH Variable-Footnote-1118411 -Node: Other Environment Variables118671 -Node: Exit Status121019 -Node: Include Files121694 -Node: Obsolete125085 -Node: Undocumented125771 -Node: Regexp126012 -Node: Regexp Usage127464 -Node: Escape Sequences129490 -Node: Regexp Operators135233 -Ref: Regexp Operators-Footnote-1142405 -Ref: Regexp Operators-Footnote-2142552 -Node: Character Lists142650 -Ref: table-char-classes144425 -Node: GNU Regexp Operators147065 -Node: Case-sensitivity150784 -Ref: Case-sensitivity-Footnote-1153739 -Ref: Case-sensitivity-Footnote-2153974 -Node: Leftmost Longest154082 -Node: Computed Regexps155283 -Node: Locales158700 -Node: Reading Files162242 -Node: Records164183 -Ref: Records-Footnote-1172855 -Node: Fields172892 -Ref: Fields-Footnote-1175924 -Node: Nonconstant Fields176010 -Node: Changing Fields178212 -Node: Field Separators183502 -Node: Default Field Splitting186131 -Node: Regexp Field Splitting187248 -Node: Single Character Fields190606 -Node: Command Line Field Separator191657 -Node: Field Splitting Summary195096 -Ref: Field Splitting Summary-Footnote-1198282 -Node: Constant Size198383 -Node: Splitting By Content202945 -Ref: Splitting By Content-Footnote-1206671 -Node: Multiple Line206711 -Ref: Multiple Line-Footnote-1212558 -Node: Getline212737 -Node: Plain Getline214965 -Node: Getline/Variable217054 -Node: Getline/File218195 -Node: Getline/Variable/File219517 -Ref: Getline/Variable/File-Footnote-1221116 -Node: Getline/Pipe221203 -Node: Getline/Variable/Pipe223751 -Node: Getline/Coprocess224858 -Node: Getline/Variable/Coprocess226101 -Node: Getline Notes226815 -Node: Getline Summary228757 -Ref: table-getline-variants229041 -Node: Command line directories229946 -Node: Printing230571 -Node: Print232202 -Node: Print 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