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authorArnold D. Robbins <arnold@skeeve.com>2011-01-02 22:06:59 +0200
committerArnold D. Robbins <arnold@skeeve.com>2011-01-02 22:06:59 +0200
commitfb6fd355f19270e615c178612f640536a1d2345c (patch)
tree2a2c2b8e68367df5ac9df4e0c5f1346de2790b14 /doc/gawk.info
parent001c8d1eb6130aeaa16b35bcf17141f0667e58fb (diff)
downloadegawk-fb6fd355f19270e615c178612f640536a1d2345c.tar.gz
egawk-fb6fd355f19270e615c178612f640536a1d2345c.tar.bz2
egawk-fb6fd355f19270e615c178612f640536a1d2345c.zip
Lots more doc updates.
Diffstat (limited to 'doc/gawk.info')
-rw-r--r--doc/gawk.info866
1 files changed, 435 insertions, 431 deletions
diff --git a/doc/gawk.info b/doc/gawk.info
index 27c578b5..a1a20461 100644
--- a/doc/gawk.info
+++ b/doc/gawk.info
@@ -918,8 +918,9 @@ index under the heading "dark corner."
As noted by the opening quote, though, any coverage of dark corners
is, by definition, incomplete.
- Extensions to the standard `awk' language are marked "(c.e.)," and
-listed in the index under "common extensions" and "extensions, common."
+ Extensions to the standard `awk' language that are supported by more
+than one `awk' implementation are marked "(c.e.)," and listed in the
+index under "common extensions" and "extensions, common."

File: gawk.info, Node: Manual History, Next: How To Contribute, Prev: Conventions, Up: Preface
@@ -6901,7 +6902,7 @@ order from the highest precedence to the lowest:
`X ^ Y'
`X ** Y'
Exponentiation; X raised to the Y power. `2 ^ 3' has the value
- eight; the character sequence `**' is equivalent to `^'.
+ eight; the character sequence `**' is equivalent to `^'. (c.e.)
`X * Y'
Multiplication.
@@ -7173,7 +7174,7 @@ COEFFICIENT
LVALUE `/=' DIVISOR Divides the value of LVALUE by DIVISOR.
LVALUE `%=' MODULUS Sets LVALUE to its remainder by MODULUS.
LVALUE `^=' POWER
-LVALUE `**=' POWER Raises LVALUE to the power POWER.
+LVALUE `**=' POWER Raises LVALUE to the power POWER. (c.e.)
Table 6.2: Arithmetic Assignment Operators
@@ -11232,7 +11233,7 @@ parameters are enclosed in square brackets ([ ]):
`fflush([FILENAME])'
Flush any buffered output associated with FILENAME, which is
either a file opened for writing or a shell command for
- redirecting output to a pipe or coprocess.
+ redirecting output to a pipe or coprocess. (c.e.).
Many utility programs "buffer" their output; i.e., they save
information to write to a disk file or the screen in memory until
@@ -19399,6 +19400,8 @@ the current version of `gawk'.
* Changes and/or additions to the language:
+ - The `\x' escape sequence (*note Escape Sequences::).
+
- Full support for both POSIX and GNU regexps, with interval
expressions being matched by default. (*note Regexp::).
@@ -21447,8 +21450,7 @@ other POSIX-compliant systems:(1)
int plugin_is_GPL_compatible;
- /* do_chdir --- provide dynamically loaded
- chdir() builtin for gawk */
+ /* do_chdir --- provide dynamically loaded chdir() builtin for gawk */
static NODE *
do_chdir(int nargs)
@@ -21483,7 +21485,6 @@ system call. If the `chdir' fails, `ERRNO' is updated.
Finally, the function returns the return value to the `awk' level:
- /* Set the return value */
return make_number((AWKNUM) ret);
}
@@ -21491,12 +21492,10 @@ system call. If the `chdir' fails, `ERRNO' is updated.
turns a numeric mode into a printable representation (e.g., 644 becomes
`-rw-r--r--'). This is omitted here for brevity:
- /* format_mode --- turn a stat mode field
- into something readable */
+ /* format_mode --- turn a stat mode field into something readable */
static char *
- format_mode(fmode)
- unsigned long fmode;
+ format_mode(unsigned long fmode)
{
...
}
@@ -21516,7 +21515,6 @@ variable declarations and argument checking:
char *pmode; /* printable mode */
char *type = "unknown";
-
if (do_lint && get_curfunc_arg_count() > 2)
lintwarn("stat: called with too many arguments");
@@ -21560,7 +21558,6 @@ calls are shown here, since they all follow the same pattern:
When done, return the `lstat' return value:
- /* Set the return value */
return make_number((AWKNUM) ret);
}
@@ -21571,9 +21568,7 @@ named `dlload' that does the job:
/* dlload --- load new builtins in this library */
NODE *
- dlload(tree, dl)
- NODE *tree;
- void *dl;
+ dlload(NODE *tree, void *dl)
{
make_builtin("chdir", do_chdir, 1);
make_builtin("stat", do_stat, 2);
@@ -21601,7 +21596,7 @@ Assuming that the functions are in a file named `filefuncs.c', and IDIR
is the location of the `gawk' include files, the following steps create
a GNU/Linux shared library:
- $ gcc -shared -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -c -O -g -IIDIR filefuncs.c
+ $ gcc -fPIC -shared -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -c -O -g -IIDIR filefuncs.c
$ ld -o filefuncs.so -shared filefuncs.o
Once the library exists, it is loaded by calling the `extension()'
@@ -21625,6 +21620,13 @@ shared library:
printf "data[\"%s\"] = %s\n", i, data[i]
print "testff.awk modified:",
strftime("%m %d %y %H:%M:%S", data["mtime"])
+
+ print "\nInfo for JUNK"
+ ret = stat("JUNK", data)
+ print "ret =", ret
+ for (i in data)
+ printf "data[\"%s\"] = %s\n", i, data[i]
+ print "JUNK modified:", strftime("%m %d %y %H:%M:%S", data["mtime"])
}
Here are the results of running the program:
@@ -21632,22 +21634,26 @@ shared library:
$ gawk -f testff.awk
-| Info for testff.awk
-| ret = 0
+ -| data["size"] = 607
+ -| data["ino"] = 14945891
+ -| data["name"] = testff.awk
+ -| data["pmode"] = -rw-rw-r--
+ -| data["nlink"] = 1
+ -| data["atime"] = 1293993369
+ -| data["mtime"] = 1288520752
+ -| data["mode"] = 33204
-| data["blksize"] = 4096
- -| data["mtime"] = 932361936
- -| data["mode"] = 33188
+ -| data["dev"] = 2054
-| data["type"] = file
- -| data["dev"] = 2065
- -| data["gid"] = 10
- -| data["ino"] = 878597
- -| data["ctime"] = 971431797
- -| data["blocks"] = 2
- -| data["nlink"] = 1
- -| data["name"] = testff.awk
- -| data["atime"] = 971608519
- -| data["pmode"] = -rw-r--r--
- -| data["size"] = 607
- -| data["uid"] = 2076
- -| testff.awk modified: 07 19 99 08:25:36
+ -| data["gid"] = 500
+ -| data["uid"] = 500
+ -| data["blocks"] = 8
+ -| data["ctime"] = 1290113572
+ -| testff.awk modified: 10 31 10 12:25:52
+ -|
+ -| Info for JUNK
+ -| ret = -1
+ -| JUNK modified: 01 01 70 02:00:00

File: gawk.info, Node: Future Extensions, Prev: Dynamic Extensions, Up: Notes
@@ -21682,11 +21688,6 @@ Loadable module interface
`"RECLEN"', depending upon which kind of record processing is in
effect.
-Additional `printf' specifiers
- The 1999 ISO C standard added a number of additional `printf'
- format specifiers. These should be evaluated for possible
- inclusion in `gawk'.
-
Databases
It may be possible to map a GDBM/NDBM/SDBM file into an `awk'
array.
@@ -21716,9 +21717,6 @@ Better array subscript management
so that using the same value to index multiple arrays only stores
one copy of the index value.
-Integrating the DBUG library
- Integrating Fred Fish's DBUG library would be helpful during
- development, but it's a lot of work to do.
Finally, the programs in the test suite could use documenting in
this Info file.
@@ -24786,7 +24784,10 @@ Index
(line 10)
* commenting: Comments. (line 6)
* commenting, backslash continuation and: Statements/Lines. (line 76)
+* common extensions, ** operator: Arithmetic Ops. (line 36)
+* common extensions, **= operator: Assignment Ops. (line 136)
* common extensions, \x escape sequence: Escape Sequences. (line 61)
+* common extensions, fflush() function: I/O Functions. (line 25)
* comp.lang.awk newsgroup: Bugs. (line 38)
* comparison expressions: Typing and Comparison.
(line 9)
@@ -25214,7 +25215,10 @@ Index
* extension() function (gawk): Using Internal File Ops.
(line 15)
* extensions, Brian Kernighan's awk: BTL. (line 6)
+* extensions, common, ** operator: Arithmetic Ops. (line 36)
+* extensions, common, **= operator: Assignment Ops. (line 136)
* extensions, common, \x escape sequence: Escape Sequences. (line 61)
+* extensions, common, fflush() function: I/O Functions. (line 25)
* extensions, in gawk, not in POSIX awk: POSIX/GNU. (line 6)
* extensions, mawk: Other Versions. (line 51)
* extract.awk program: Extract Program. (line 78)
@@ -26189,7 +26193,7 @@ Index
(line 10)
* programming conventions, functions, writing: Definition Syntax.
(line 55)
-* programming conventions, gawk internals: Internal File Ops. (line 34)
+* programming conventions, gawk internals: Internal File Ops. (line 33)
* programming conventions, nextfile statement: Nextfile Function.
(line 20)
* programming conventions, private variable names: Library Names.
@@ -26778,395 +26782,395 @@ Ref: Names-Footnote-141292
Node: This Manual41364
Ref: This Manual-Footnote-146262
Node: Conventions46362
-Node: Manual History48421
-Ref: Manual History-Footnote-151599
-Ref: Manual History-Footnote-251640
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-Node: Acknowledgments52858
-Node: Getting Started57106
-Node: Running gawk59485
-Node: One-shot60671
-Node: Read Terminal61896
-Ref: Read Terminal-Footnote-163546
-Ref: Read Terminal-Footnote-263820
-Node: Long63991
-Node: Executable Scripts65367
-Ref: Executable Scripts-Footnote-167228
-Ref: Executable Scripts-Footnote-267330
-Node: Comments67781
-Node: Quoting70248
-Node: DOS Quoting74865
-Node: Sample Data Files75540
-Node: Very Simple78572
-Node: Two Rules83169
-Node: More Complex85316
-Ref: More Complex-Footnote-188246
-Node: Statements/Lines88326
-Ref: Statements/Lines-Footnote-192788
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-Node: Invoking Gawk96065
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-Node: Naming Standard Input114266
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-Node: Regexp Usage127464
-Node: Escape Sequences129490
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-Ref: Regexp Operators-Footnote-1142405
-Ref: Regexp Operators-Footnote-2142552
-Node: Character Lists142650
-Ref: table-char-classes144425
-Node: GNU Regexp Operators147065
-Node: Case-sensitivity150784
-Ref: Case-sensitivity-Footnote-1153739
-Ref: Case-sensitivity-Footnote-2153974
-Node: Leftmost Longest154082
-Node: Computed Regexps155283
-Node: Locales158700
-Node: Reading Files162242
-Node: Records164183
-Ref: Records-Footnote-1172855
-Node: Fields172892
-Ref: Fields-Footnote-1175924
-Node: Nonconstant Fields176010
-Node: Changing Fields178212
-Node: Field Separators183502
-Node: Default Field Splitting186131
-Node: Regexp Field Splitting187248
-Node: Single Character Fields190606
-Node: Command Line Field Separator191657
-Node: Field Splitting Summary195096
-Ref: Field Splitting Summary-Footnote-1198282
-Node: Constant Size198383
-Node: Splitting By Content202945
-Ref: Splitting By Content-Footnote-1206671
-Node: Multiple Line206711
-Ref: Multiple Line-Footnote-1212558
-Node: Getline212737
-Node: Plain Getline214965
-Node: Getline/Variable217054
-Node: Getline/File218195
-Node: Getline/Variable/File219517
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-Node: Getline/Pipe221203
-Node: Getline/Variable/Pipe223751
-Node: Getline/Coprocess224858
-Node: Getline/Variable/Coprocess226101
-Node: Getline Notes226815
-Node: Getline Summary228757
-Ref: table-getline-variants229041
-Node: Command line directories229946
-Node: Printing230571
-Node: Print232202
-Node: Print Examples233539
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-Node: OFMT238082
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-Node: Basic Printf240346
-Node: Control Letters241883
-Node: Format Modifiers245695
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-Node: Special FD261932
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-Ref: Close Files And Pipes-Footnote-1274174
-Ref: Close Files And Pipes-Footnote-2274322
-Node: Expressions274472
-Node: Values275541
-Node: Constants276217
-Node: Scalar Constants276897
-Ref: Scalar Constants-Footnote-1277756
-Node: Nondecimal-numbers277938
-Node: Regexp Constants280997
-Node: Using Constant Regexps281472
-Node: Variables284477
-Node: Using Variables285132
-Node: Assignment Options286859
-Node: Conversion288740
-Ref: table-locale-affects294114
-Ref: Conversion-Footnote-1294738
-Node: All Operators294847
-Node: Arithmetic Ops295477
-Node: Concatenation297976
-Ref: Concatenation-Footnote-1300769
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-Node: Truth Values and Conditions310755
-Node: Truth Values311838
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-Ref: Boolean Ops-Footnote-1326826
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-Ref: Using BEGIN/END-Footnote-1349176
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-Node: Delete417544
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-Node: Uninitialized Subscripts422207
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-Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-4489629
-Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-5489741
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-Node: Filetrans Function597156
-Node: Rewind Function601393
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-Node: Empty Files603940
-Node: Ignoring Assigns606170
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-Node: GNU Free Documentation License948968
-Node: next-edition974112
-Node: unresolved974464
-Node: revision974964
-Node: consistency975387
-Node: Index978740
+Node: Manual History48478
+Ref: Manual History-Footnote-151656
+Ref: Manual History-Footnote-251697
+Node: How To Contribute51771
+Node: Acknowledgments52915
+Node: Getting Started57163
+Node: Running gawk59542
+Node: One-shot60728
+Node: Read Terminal61953
+Ref: Read Terminal-Footnote-163603
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+Node: Long64048
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+Ref: Executable Scripts-Footnote-267387
+Node: Comments67838
+Node: Quoting70305
+Node: DOS Quoting74922
+Node: Sample Data Files75597
+Node: Very Simple78629
+Node: Two Rules83226
+Node: More Complex85373
+Ref: More Complex-Footnote-188303
+Node: Statements/Lines88383
+Ref: Statements/Lines-Footnote-192845
+Node: Other Features93110
+Node: When93979
+Node: Invoking Gawk96122
+Node: Command Line97507
+Node: Options98290
+Ref: Options-Footnote-1111635
+Node: Other Arguments111660
+Node: Naming Standard Input114323
+Node: Environment Variables115287
+Node: AWKPATH Variable115731
+Ref: AWKPATH Variable-Footnote-1118468
+Node: Other Environment Variables118728
+Node: Exit Status121076
+Node: Include Files121751
+Node: Obsolete125142
+Node: Undocumented125828
+Node: Regexp126069
+Node: Regexp Usage127521
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End Tag Table