PROCINFO["sorted_in"] value now matters.

9 files changed, 846 insertions, 294 deletions

diff --git a/ChangeLog b/ChangeLog
index b0c003c0..b84ff9e5 100644
--- a/ChangeLog
+++ b/ChangeLog
@@ -1,3 +1,10 @@
+Tue Feb 15 17:11:26 2011  Pat Rankin  <rankin@pactechdata.com>
+
+	* eval.c (sorted_in, sort_up_indx_str, sort_down_indx_str,
+	sort_up_indx_ignrcase, sort_down_indx_ignrcase, sort_ignorecase):
+	New functions to sort arrays for `for (index in array)' statements.
+	(r_interpret: case Op_arrayfor_init): Call sorted_in().
+
 Wed Feb 16 07:12:50 2011  John Haque  <j.eh@mchsi.com>
 
 	Fix line numbers in the lint, warning and error messages issued
@@ -61,7 +68,7 @@ Fri Feb 11 10:26:25 2011  Arnold D. Robbins  <arnold@skeeve.com>
 
 Thu Feb 10 21:31:36 2011  Andreas Buening    <andreas.buening@nexgo.de>
 
-	* main.c (load_procinfo): Fix warning about unsed variables in
+	* main.c (load_procinfo): Fix warning about unsed variables if we
 	don't have multiple groups.
 	* protos.h: Move decls for many standard functions here if
 	they aren't in the header files (OS/2) and bracket inside
diff --git a/NEWS b/NEWS
index 8b809c4f..b2671358 100644
--- a/NEWS
+++ b/NEWS
@@ -96,7 +96,9 @@ Changes from 3.1.8 to 4.0.0
 	- Probably others that I've forgotten
 
 29. If PROCINFO["sorted_in"] exists, for(iggy in foo) loops sort the
-    indices before looping over them.
+    indices before looping over them.  The value of this element
+    provides control over how the indices are sorted before the loop
+    traversal starts.
 
 30. A new isarray() function exists to distinguish if an item is an array
     or not, to make it possible to traverse multidimensional arrays.
diff --git a/doc/ChangeLog b/doc/ChangeLog
index 57828c97..9c2ad6ec 100644
--- a/doc/ChangeLog
+++ b/doc/ChangeLog
@@ -1,3 +1,10 @@
+Tue Feb 15 17:11:26 2011  Pat Rankin  <rankin@pactechdata.com>
+
+	* gawk.texi (Builit-in Variables: PROCINFO array, Scanning All
+	Elements of an Array: `for' statement): Document that the value
+	of PROCINFO["sorted_in"] matters; sort orders "ascending index
+	string", "descending index string", and "unsorted" are supported.
+
 Sun Feb 13 19:58:35 2011  Arnold D. Robbins  <arnold@skeeve.com>
 
 	* awkcard.in, gawk.1, gawk.texi, gawkinet.texi: Fix typos
diff --git a/doc/gawk.info b/doc/gawk.info
index 46368574..bfac4508 100644
--- a/doc/gawk.info
+++ b/doc/gawk.info
@@ -9371,10 +9371,19 @@ with a pound sign (`#').
           The value of the `getuid()' system call.
 
     `PROCINFO["sorted_in"]'
-          If this element exists in `PROCINFO', _no matter what its
-          value_, then `gawk' will cause `for(i in arr) ...' loops to
-          traverse the array indices in sorted order.  *Note Scanning
-          an Array::, for more information.
+          If this element exists in `PROCINFO', its value controls the
+          order in which array indices will be processed by `for(i in
+          arr) ...' loops.  A value of `"ascending index string"',
+          which may be shortened to `"ascending index"' or just
+          `"ascending"', will result in either case sensitive or case
+          insensitive ascending order depending upon the value of
+          `IGNORECASE'.  A value of `"descending index string"', which
+          may be shortened in a similar manner, will result in the
+          opposite order.  The value `"unsorted"' is also recognized,
+          yielding the default result of arbitrary order.  Any other
+          value will be ignored, and warned about (at the time of first
+          `for(in in arr) ...' execution) when lint checking is enabled.
+          *Note Scanning an Array::, for more information.
 
     `PROCINFO["strftime"]'
           The default time format string for `strftime()'.  Assigning a
@@ -9888,14 +9897,16 @@ them.  Similarly, changing VAR inside the loop may produce strange
 results.  It is best to avoid such things.
 
    As an extension, `gawk' makes it possible for you to loop over the
-elements of an array in order, sorted by index.  Sorting is based on
-string comparison (since all array indices are strings), and you cannot
-control the style of sorting; it is always from lowest to highest
-(`"A"' before `"B"').  To enable this feature, create the array element
-`PROCINFO["sorted_in"]' (*note Auto-set::).  The value of this element
-does not matter; `gawk' only tests if the element with this index
-exists in `PROCINFO' or not.  This extension is disabled in POSIX mode,
-since the `PROCINFO' array is not special in that case. For example:
+elements of an array in order, based on the value of
+`PROCINFO["sorted_in"]' (*note Auto-set::).  At present two sorting
+options are available: `"ascending index string"' and `"descending
+index string"'.  They can be shortened by omitting `string' or `index
+string'. The value `"unsorted"' can be used as an explicit "no-op" and
+yields the same result as when `PROCINFO["sorted_in"]' has no value at
+all.  If the index strings contain letters, the value of `IGNORECASE'
+affects the order of the result.  This extension is disabled in POSIX
+mode, since the `PROCINFO' array is not special in that case. For
+example:
 
      $ gawk 'BEGIN {
      >    a[4] = 4
@@ -9906,7 +9917,7 @@ since the `PROCINFO' array is not special in that case. For example:
      -| 4 4
      -| 3 3
      $ gawk 'BEGIN {
-     >    PROCINFO["sorted_in"]++
+     >    PROCINFO["sorted_in"] = "ascending index"
      >    a[4] = 4
      >    a[3] = 3
      >    for (i in a)
@@ -22678,6 +22689,9 @@ Metacharacters
      Instead, they denote regular expression operations, such as
      repetition, grouping, or alternation.
 
+No-op
+     An operation that does nothing.
+
 Null String
      A string with no characters in it.  It is represented explicitly in
      `awk' programs by placing two double quote characters next to each
@@ -24361,7 +24375,7 @@ Index
                                                               (line  67)
 * advanced features, data files as single record: Records.    (line 175)
 * advanced features, fixed-width data:   Constant Size.       (line   9)
-* advanced features, FNR/NR variables:   Auto-set.            (line 206)
+* advanced features, FNR/NR variables:   Auto-set.            (line 215)
 * advanced features, gawk:               Advanced Features.   (line   6)
 * advanced features, gawk, network programming: TCP/IP Networking.
                                                               (line   6)
@@ -24654,7 +24668,7 @@ Index
 * Brian Kernighan's awk, extensions:     BTL.                 (line   6)
 * Broder, Alan J.:                       Contributors.        (line  85)
 * Brown, Martin:                         Contributors.        (line  79)
-* BSD-based operating systems:           Glossary.            (line 591)
+* BSD-based operating systems:           Glossary.            (line 594)
 * bt debugger command (alias for backtrace): Dgawk Stack.     (line  13)
 * Buening, Andreas <1>:                  Bugs.                (line  71)
 * Buening, Andreas <2>:                  Contributors.        (line  89)
@@ -24856,7 +24870,7 @@ Index
                                                               (line  47)
 * dark corner, FILENAME variable <1>:    Auto-set.            (line  92)
 * dark corner, FILENAME variable:        Getline Notes.       (line  19)
-* dark corner, FNR/NR variables:         Auto-set.            (line 206)
+* dark corner, FNR/NR variables:         Auto-set.            (line 215)
 * dark corner, format-control characters: Control Letters.    (line  18)
 * dark corner, FS as null string:        Single Character Fields.
                                                               (line  20)
@@ -25055,7 +25069,7 @@ Index
 * differences in awk and gawk, regular expressions: Case-sensitivity.
                                                               (line  26)
 * differences in awk and gawk, RS/RT variables: Records.      (line 167)
-* differences in awk and gawk, RT variable: Auto-set.         (line 195)
+* differences in awk and gawk, RT variable: Auto-set.         (line 204)
 * differences in awk and gawk, single-character fields: Single Character Fields.
                                                               (line   6)
 * differences in awk and gawk, split() function: String Functions.
@@ -25336,7 +25350,7 @@ Index
 * floating-point, numbers, AWKNUM internal type: Internals.   (line  19)
 * FNR variable <1>:                      Auto-set.            (line 102)
 * FNR variable:                          Records.             (line   6)
-* FNR variable, changing:                Auto-set.            (line 206)
+* FNR variable, changing:                Auto-set.            (line 215)
 * for statement:                         For Statement.       (line   6)
 * for statement, in arrays:              Scanning an Array.   (line  20)
 * force_number() internal function:      Internals.           (line  27)
@@ -25366,7 +25380,7 @@ Index
 * Free Software Foundation (FSF) <1>:    Glossary.            (line 297)
 * Free Software Foundation (FSF) <2>:    Getting.             (line  10)
 * Free Software Foundation (FSF):        Manual History.      (line   6)
-* FreeBSD:                               Glossary.            (line 591)
+* FreeBSD:                               Glossary.            (line 594)
 * FS variable <1>:                       User-modified.       (line  56)
 * FS variable:                           Field Separators.    (line  14)
 * FS variable, --field-separator option and: Options.         (line  21)
@@ -25510,7 +25524,7 @@ Index
 * gawk, regular expressions, operators:  GNU Regexp Operators.
                                                               (line   6)
 * gawk, regular expressions, precedence: Regexp Operators.    (line 157)
-* gawk, RT variable in <1>:              Auto-set.            (line 195)
+* gawk, RT variable in <1>:              Auto-set.            (line 204)
 * gawk, RT variable in <2>:              Getline/Variable/File.
                                                               (line  10)
 * gawk, RT variable in <3>:              Multiple Line.       (line 129)
@@ -25586,7 +25600,7 @@ Index
 * GNU long options, printing list of:    Options.             (line 141)
 * GNU Project <1>:                       Glossary.            (line 315)
 * GNU Project:                           Manual History.      (line  11)
-* GNU/Linux <1>:                         Glossary.            (line 591)
+* GNU/Linux <1>:                         Glossary.            (line 594)
 * GNU/Linux <2>:                         I18N Example.        (line  55)
 * GNU/Linux:                             Manual History.      (line  28)
 * GPL (General Public License) <1>:      Glossary.            (line 306)
@@ -25841,7 +25855,7 @@ Index
 * lint checking, undefined functions:    Pass By Value/Reference.
                                                               (line  88)
 * LINT variable:                         User-modified.       (line  98)
-* Linux <1>:                             Glossary.            (line 591)
+* Linux <1>:                             Glossary.            (line 594)
 * Linux <2>:                             I18N Example.        (line  55)
 * Linux:                                 Manual History.      (line  28)
 * list debugger command:                 Miscellaneous Dgawk Commands.
@@ -25912,7 +25926,7 @@ Index
 * nargs internal variable:               Internals.           (line  49)
 * nawk utility:                          Names.               (line  17)
 * negative zero:                         Unexpected Results.  (line  28)
-* NetBSD:                                Glossary.            (line 591)
+* NetBSD:                                Glossary.            (line 594)
 * networks, programming:                 TCP/IP Networking.   (line   6)
 * networks, support for:                 Special Network.     (line   6)
 * newlines <1>:                          Boolean Ops.         (line  67)
@@ -25957,7 +25971,7 @@ Index
 * not Boolean-logic operator:            Boolean Ops.         (line   6)
 * NR variable <1>:                       Auto-set.            (line 118)
 * NR variable:                           Records.             (line   6)
-* NR variable, changing:                 Auto-set.            (line 206)
+* NR variable, changing:                 Auto-set.            (line 215)
 * null strings <1>:                      Basic Data Typing.   (line  50)
 * null strings <2>:                      Truth Values.        (line   6)
 * null strings <3>:                      Regexp Field Splitting.
@@ -26006,7 +26020,7 @@ Index
 * OFS variable <1>:                      User-modified.       (line 124)
 * OFS variable <2>:                      Output Separators.   (line   6)
 * OFS variable:                          Changing Fields.     (line  64)
-* OpenBSD:                               Glossary.            (line 591)
+* OpenBSD:                               Glossary.            (line 594)
 * OpenSolaris:                           Other Versions.      (line  86)
 * operating systems, BSD-based:          Manual History.      (line  28)
 * operating systems, PC, gawk on:        PC Using.            (line   6)
@@ -26075,8 +26089,8 @@ Index
 * output, standard:                      Special FD.          (line   6)
 * p debugger command (alias for print):  Viewing And Changing Data.
                                                               (line  36)
-* P1003.1 POSIX standard:                Glossary.            (line 438)
-* P1003.2 POSIX standard:                Glossary.            (line 438)
+* P1003.1 POSIX standard:                Glossary.            (line 441)
+* P1003.2 POSIX standard:                Glossary.            (line 441)
 * parameters, number of:                 Internals.           (line  49)
 * parentheses ():                        Regexp Operators.    (line  79)
 * parentheses (), pgawk program:         Profiling.           (line 141)
@@ -26389,7 +26403,7 @@ Index
 * right angle bracket (>), >> operator (I/O): Redirection.    (line  50)
 * right shift, bitwise:                  Bitwise Functions.   (line  32)
 * Ritchie, Dennis:                       Basic Data Typing.   (line  74)
-* RLENGTH variable:                      Auto-set.            (line 182)
+* RLENGTH variable:                      Auto-set.            (line 191)
 * RLENGTH variable, match() function and: String Functions.   (line 194)
 * Robbins, Arnold <1>:                   Future Extensions.   (line   6)
 * Robbins, Arnold <2>:                   Bugs.                (line  32)
@@ -26414,9 +26428,9 @@ Index
 * RS variable:                           Records.             (line  20)
 * RS variable, multiline records and:    Multiple Line.       (line  17)
 * rshift() function (gawk):              Bitwise Functions.   (line  51)
-* RSTART variable:                       Auto-set.            (line 188)
+* RSTART variable:                       Auto-set.            (line 197)
 * RSTART variable, match() function and: String Functions.    (line 194)
-* RT variable <1>:                       Auto-set.            (line 195)
+* RT variable <1>:                       Auto-set.            (line 204)
 * RT variable <2>:                       Getline/Variable/File.
                                                               (line  10)
 * RT variable <3>:                       Multiple Line.       (line 129)
@@ -26719,7 +26733,7 @@ Index
                                                               (line   6)
 * uniq utility:                          Uniq Program.        (line   6)
 * uniq.awk program:                      Uniq Program.        (line  65)
-* Unix:                                  Glossary.            (line 591)
+* Unix:                                  Glossary.            (line 594)
 * Unix awk, backslashes in escape sequences: Escape Sequences.
                                                               (line 125)
 * Unix awk, close() function and:        Close Files And Pipes.
@@ -27042,224 +27056,224 @@ Node: Built-in Variables381978
 Node: User-modified383073
 Ref: User-modified-Footnote-1391074
 Node: Auto-set391136
-Ref: Auto-set-Footnote-1400400
-Node: ARGC and ARGV400605
-Node: Arrays404364
-Node: Array Basics405935
-Node: Array Intro406646
-Node: Reference to Elements410964
-Node: Assigning Elements413234
-Node: Array Example413725
-Node: Scanning an Array415457
-Node: Delete418905
-Ref: Delete-Footnote-1421336
-Node: Numeric Array Subscripts421393
-Node: Uninitialized Subscripts423576
-Node: Multi-dimensional425204
-Node: Multi-scanning428295
-Node: Array Sorting429879
-Ref: Array Sorting-Footnote-1433077
-Node: Arrays of Arrays433271
-Node: Functions437810
-Node: Built-in438632
-Node: Calling Built-in439710
-Node: Numeric Functions441686
-Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-1445443
-Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-2445779
-Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-3445827
-Node: String Functions446096
-Ref: String Functions-Footnote-1467902
-Ref: String Functions-Footnote-2468031
-Ref: String Functions-Footnote-3468279
-Node: Gory Details468366
-Ref: table-sub-escapes470023
-Ref: table-posix-sub471337
-Ref: table-gensub-escapes472237
-Node: I/O Functions473408
-Ref: I/O Functions-Footnote-1480103
-Node: Time Functions480250
-Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-1491116
-Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-2491184
-Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-3491342
-Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-4491453
-Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-5491565
-Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-6491792
-Node: Bitwise Functions492058
-Ref: table-bitwise-ops492616
-Ref: Bitwise Functions-Footnote-1496776
-Node: Type Functions496960
-Node: I18N Functions497398
-Node: User-defined499025
-Node: Definition Syntax499829
-Ref: Definition Syntax-Footnote-1504466
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-Node: Round Function587075
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-Ref: Ordinal Functions-Footnote-2592954
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-Ref: Join Function-Footnote-1594941
-Node: Gettimeofday Function595141
-Node: Data File Management598856
-Node: Filetrans Function599488
-Node: Rewind Function603724
-Node: File Checking605177
-Node: Empty Files606271
-Node: Ignoring Assigns608501
-Node: Getopt Function610054
-Ref: Getopt Function-Footnote-1621379
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-Node: Running Examples640990
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-Node: Cut Program642841
-Node: Egrep Program652690
-Ref: Egrep Program-Footnote-1660461
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-Ref: Split Program-Footnote-1667706
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-Node: Uniq Program670637
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-Node: List of Debugger Commands749302
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-Node: Cygwin818980
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+Node: Array Example414362
+Node: Scanning an Array416094
+Node: Delete419618
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+Node: Numeric Array Subscripts422106
+Node: Uninitialized Subscripts424289
+Node: Multi-dimensional425917
+Node: Multi-scanning429008
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+Ref: String Functions-Footnote-1468615
+Ref: String Functions-Footnote-2468744
+Ref: String Functions-Footnote-3468992
+Node: Gory Details469079
+Ref: table-sub-escapes470736
+Ref: table-posix-sub472050
+Ref: table-gensub-escapes472950
+Node: I/O Functions474121
+Ref: I/O Functions-Footnote-1480816
+Node: Time Functions480963
+Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-1491829
+Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-2491897
+Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-3492055
+Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-4492166
+Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-5492278
+Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-6492505
+Node: Bitwise Functions492771
+Ref: table-bitwise-ops493329
+Ref: Bitwise Functions-Footnote-1497489
+Node: Type Functions497673
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+Node: User-defined499738
+Node: Definition Syntax500542
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+Node: Function Caveats507842
+Node: Calling A Function508263
+Node: Variable Scope509378
+Node: Pass By Value/Reference511306
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+Node: Indirect Calls518425
+Node: Internationalization528107
+Node: I18N and L10N529535
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+Ref: I18N Portability-Footnote-1547059
+Node: I18N Example547122
+Ref: I18N Example-Footnote-1549757
+Node: Gawk I18N549829
+Node: Advanced Features550446
+Node: Nondecimal Data551765
+Node: Two-way I/O553346
+Ref: Two-way I/O-Footnote-1558760
+Node: TCP/IP Networking558837
+Node: Profiling561680
+Node: Library Functions569080
+Ref: Library Functions-Footnote-1572119
+Node: Library Names572290
+Ref: Library Names-Footnote-1575761
+Ref: Library Names-Footnote-2575981
+Node: General Functions576067
+Node: Nextfile Function577130
+Node: Strtonum Function581511
+Node: Assert Function584462
+Node: Round Function587788
+Node: Cliff Random Function589329
+Node: Ordinal Functions590345
+Ref: Ordinal Functions-Footnote-1593415
+Ref: Ordinal Functions-Footnote-2593667
+Node: Join Function593883
+Ref: Join Function-Footnote-1595654
+Node: Gettimeofday Function595854
+Node: Data File Management599569
+Node: Filetrans Function600201
+Node: Rewind Function604437
+Node: File Checking605890
+Node: Empty Files606984
+Node: Ignoring Assigns609214
+Node: Getopt Function610767
+Ref: Getopt Function-Footnote-1622092
+Node: Passwd Functions622295
+Ref: Passwd Functions-Footnote-1631282
+Node: Group Functions631370
+Node: Walking Arrays639472
+Node: Sample Programs641038
+Node: Running Examples641703
+Node: Clones642431
+Node: Cut Program643554
+Node: Egrep Program653403
+Ref: Egrep Program-Footnote-1661174
+Node: Id Program661284
+Node: Split Program664900
+Ref: Split Program-Footnote-1668419
+Node: Tee Program668547
+Node: Uniq Program671350
+Node: Wc Program678773
+Ref: Wc Program-Footnote-1683037
+Node: Miscellaneous Programs683237
+Node: Dupword Program684425
+Node: Alarm Program686456
+Node: Translate Program691178
+Ref: Translate Program-Footnote-1695557
+Ref: Translate Program-Footnote-2695785
+Node: Labels Program695919
+Ref: Labels Program-Footnote-1699290
+Node: Word Sorting699374
+Node: History Sorting703257
+Node: Extract Program705095
+Ref: Extract Program-Footnote-1712576
+Node: Simple Sed712704
+Node: Igawk Program715766
+Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-1730798
+Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-2730999
+Node: Anagram Program731137
+Node: Signature Program734235
+Node: Debugger735338
+Node: Debugging736249
+Node: Debugging Concepts736563
+Node: Debugging Terms738419
+Node: Awk Debugging740964
+Node: Sample dgawk session741856
+Node: dgawk invocation742348
+Node: Finding The Bug743530
+Node: List of Debugger Commands750015
+Node: Breakpoint Control751326
+Node: Dgawk Execution Control754802
+Node: Viewing And Changing Data758154
+Node: Dgawk Stack761463
+Node: Dgawk Info762923
+Node: Miscellaneous Dgawk Commands766871
+Node: Readline Support772296
+Node: Dgawk Limitations773123
+Node: Language History775262
+Node: V7/SVR3.1776694
+Node: SVR4778989
+Node: POSIX780431
+Node: BTL781429
+Node: POSIX/GNU782163
+Node: Common Extensions787349
+Node: Contributors788450
+Node: Installation792485
+Node: Gawk Distribution793379
+Node: Getting793863
+Node: Extracting794689
+Node: Distribution contents796367
+Node: Unix Installation801385
+Node: Quick Installation802002
+Node: Additional Configuration Options803964
+Node: Configuration Philosophy805441
+Node: Non-Unix Installation807783
+Node: PC Installation808241
+Node: PC Binary Installation809540
+Node: PC Compiling811388
+Node: PC Testing814332
+Node: PC Using815508
+Node: Cygwin819693
+Node: MSYS820690
+Node: VMS Installation821204
+Node: VMS Compilation821810
+Ref: VMS Compilation-Footnote-1822817
+Node: VMS Installation Details822875
+Node: VMS Running824510
+Node: VMS Old Gawk826110
+Node: Bugs826584
+Node: Other Versions830449
+Node: Notes835728
+Node: Compatibility Mode836420
+Node: Additions837203
+Node: Accessing The Source838015
+Node: Adding Code839438
+Node: New Ports844986
+Node: Dynamic Extensions849099
+Node: Internals850475
+Node: Plugin License859591
+Node: Sample Library860225
+Node: Internal File Description860911
+Node: Internal File Ops864618
+Ref: Internal File Ops-Footnote-1869386
+Node: Using Internal File Ops869534
+Node: Future Extensions871911
+Node: Basic Concepts874415
+Node: Basic High Level875172
+Ref: Basic High Level-Footnote-1879207
+Node: Basic Data Typing879392
+Node: Floating Point Issues883917
+Node: String Conversion Precision885000
+Ref: String Conversion Precision-Footnote-1886694
+Node: Unexpected Results886803
+Node: POSIX Floating Point Problems888629
+Ref: POSIX Floating Point Problems-Footnote-1892331
+Node: Glossary892369
+Node: Copying916512
+Node: GNU Free Documentation License954069
+Node: Index979206
 
 End Tag Table
diff --git a/doc/gawk.texi b/doc/gawk.texi
index 324e8eaf..94e7abbf 100644
--- a/doc/gawk.texi
+++ b/doc/gawk.texi
@@ -12710,10 +12710,19 @@ The parent process ID of the current process.
 The value of the @code{getuid()} system call.
 
 @item PROCINFO["sorted_in"]
-If this element exists in @code{PROCINFO},
-@emph{no matter what its value},
-then @command{gawk} will cause @samp{for(i in arr) @dots{}} loops
-to traverse the array indices in sorted order.
+If this element exists in @code{PROCINFO}, its value controls the
+order in which array indices will be processed by
+@samp{for(i in arr) @dots{}} loops.
+A value of @code{"ascending index string"}, which may be shortened to
+@code{"ascending index"} or just @code{"ascending"}, will result in either
+case sensitive or case insensitive ascending order depending upon
+the value of @code{IGNORECASE}.
+A value of @code{"descending index string"}, which may be shortened in
+a similar manner, will result in the opposite order.
+The value @code{"unsorted"} is also recognized, yielding the default
+result of arbitrary order.  Any other value will be ignored, and
+warned about (at the time of first @samp{for(in in arr) @dots{}}
+execution) when lint checking is enabled.
 @xref{Scanning an Array}, for more information.
 
 @item PROCINFO["strftime"]
@@ -13379,17 +13388,16 @@ reach them.  Similarly, changing @var{var} inside the loop may produce
 strange results.  It is best to avoid such things.
 
 As an extension, @command{gawk} makes it possible for you to
-loop over the elements of an array in order, sorted by index.
-Sorting is based on string comparison (since all array indices are
-strings), and you cannot control the style of sorting; it is always
-from lowest to highest (@code{"A"} before @code{"B"}).
-To enable this feature, create the array element
+loop over the elements of an array in order, based on the value of
 @code{PROCINFO["sorted_in"]} (@pxref{Auto-set}).
-The value of this element does not
-matter; @command{gawk} only tests if the element with this index
-exists in @code{PROCINFO} or not.
-This extension is disabled in POSIX mode, since the @code{PROCINFO}
-array is not special in that case. For example:
+At present two sorting options are available: @code{"ascending
+index string"} and @code{"descending index string"}.  They can be
+shortened by omitting @samp{string} or @samp{index string}. The value
+@code{"unsorted"} can be used as an explicit ``no-op'' and yields the same
+result as when @code{PROCINFO["sorted_in"]} has no value at all.  If the
+index strings contain letters, the value of @code{IGNORECASE} affects
+the order of the result.  This extension is disabled in POSIX mode,
+since the @code{PROCINFO} array is not special in that case. For example:
 
 @example
 $ @kbd{gawk 'BEGIN @{}
@@ -13401,7 +13409,7 @@ $ @kbd{gawk 'BEGIN @{}
 @print{} 4 4
 @print{} 3 3
 $ @kbd{gawk 'BEGIN @{}
-> @kbd{   PROCINFO["sorted_in"]++}
+> @kbd{   PROCINFO["sorted_in"] = "ascending index"}
 > @kbd{   a[4] = 4}
 > @kbd{   a[3] = 3}
 > @kbd{   for (i in a)}
@@ -30341,6 +30349,9 @@ Characters used within a regexp that do not stand for themselves.
 Instead, they denote regular expression operations, such as repetition,
 grouping, or alternation.
 
+@item No-op
+An operation that does nothing.
+
 @item Null String
 A string with no characters in it.  It is represented explicitly in
 @command{awk} programs by placing two double quote characters next to
diff --git a/eval.c b/eval.c
index de4e9497..98fa4629 100644
--- a/eval.c
+++ b/eval.c
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
  */
 
 /* 
- * Copyright (C) 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991-2010 the Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+ * Copyright (C) 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991-2011 the Free Software Foundation, Inc.
  * 
  * This file is part of GAWK, the GNU implementation of the
  * AWK Programming Language.
@@ -1054,36 +1054,254 @@ update_FNR()
 	}
 }
 
-/* comp_func --- array index comparison function for qsort */
+
+typedef int (*qsort_compfunc)(const void *,const void *);
+
+static qsort_compfunc sorted_in(void);
+static int sort_ignrcase(const char *, size_t,const char *,size_t);
+static int sort_up_index_str(const void *, const void *);
+static int sort_down_index_str(const void *, const void *);
+static int sort_up_index_ignrcase(const void *, const void *);
+static int sort_down_index_ignrcase(const void *, const void *);
+
+/* comp_func --- array index comparison function for qsort, used in debug.c */
 
 int
 comp_func(const void *p1, const void *p2)
 {
-	size_t len1, len2;
-	const char *str1, *str2;
+	return sort_up_index_str(p1, p2);
+}
+
+/* sort_ignorecase --- case insensitive string comparison from cmp_nodes() */
+
+static int
+sort_ignorecase(const char *s1, size_t l1, const char *s2, size_t l2)
+{
+	size_t l;
+	int ret;
+
+	l = (l1 < l2) ? l1 : l2;
+#ifdef MBS_SUPPORT
+	if (gawk_mb_cur_max > 1) {
+		ret = strncasecmpmbs((const unsigned char *) s1,
+				     (const unsigned char *) s2, l);
+	} else
+#endif
+	for (ret = 0; l-- > 0 && ret == 0; s1++, s2++)
+		ret = casetable[*(unsigned char *) s1]
+		      - casetable[*(unsigned char *) s2];
+	if (ret == 0 && l1 != l2)
+		ret = (l1 < l2) ? -1 : 1;
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * sort_up_index_str --- qsort comparison function; ascending index strings;
+ * index strings are distinct within an array, so no comparisons will yield
+ * equal and warrant disambiguation
+ */
+
+static int
+sort_up_index_str(const void *p1, const void *p2)
+{
 	const NODE *t1, *t2;
-	int cmp1;
+	const char *str1, *str2;
+	size_t len1, len2;
+	int ret;
 
+	/* Array indexes are strings and distinct, never equal */
 	t1 = *((const NODE *const *) p1);
 	t2 = *((const NODE *const *) p2);
 
-/*
-	t1 = force_string(t1);
-	t2 = force_string(t2);
-*/
-	len1 = t1->ahname_len;
 	str1 = t1->ahname_str;
-
-	len2 = t2->ahname_len;
+	len1 = t1->ahname_len;
 	str2 = t2->ahname_str;
+	len2 = t2->ahname_len;
+
+	ret = memcmp(str1, str2, (len1 < len2) ? len1 : len2);
+	/*
+	 * if they compared equal but their lengths differ, the
+	 * shorter one is a prefix of the longer and compares as less
+	 */
+	if (ret == 0 && len1 != len2)
+		ret = (len1 < len2) ? -1 : 1;
 
-	/* Array indexes are strings, compare as such, always! */
-	cmp1 = memcmp(str1, str2, len1 < len2 ? len1 : len2);
-	/* if prefixes are equal, size matters */
-	return (cmp1 != 0 ? cmp1 :
-		len1 < len2 ? -1 : (len1 > len2));
+	/* indices are unique within an array, so result should never be 0 */
+	assert(ret != 0);
+	return ret;
 }
 
+/* sort_down_index_str --- descending index strings */
+
+static int
+sort_down_index_str(const void *p1, const void *p2)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Negation versus transposed arguments:  when all keys are
+	 * distinct, as with array indices here, either method will
+	 * transform an ascending sort into a descending one.  But if
+	 * there are equal keys--such as when IGNORECASE is honored--
+	 * that get disambiguated into a determisitc order, negation
+	 * will reverse those but transposed arguments would retain
+	 * their relative order within the rest of the reversed sort.
+	 */
+	return -sort_up_index_str(p1, p2);
+}
+
+/*
+ * sort_up_index_ignrcase --- ascending index string, case insensitive;
+ * case insensitive comparison can cause distinct index strings to compare
+ * equal, so disambiguation in necessary
+ */
+
+static int
+sort_up_index_ignrcase(const void *p1, const void *p2)
+{
+	const NODE *t1, *t2;
+	int ret;
+
+	t1 = *((const NODE *const *) p1);
+	t2 = *((const NODE *const *) p2);
+
+	ret = sort_ignorecase(t1->ahname_str, t1->ahname_len,
+			      t2->ahname_str, t2->ahname_len);
+
+	/*
+	 * if case insensitive result is "they're the same",
+	 * use case sensitive comparison to force distinct order
+	 */
+	if (ret == 0)
+		ret = sort_up_index_str(p1, p2);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/* sort_down_index_ignrcase --- descending index strings, case insensitive */
+
+static int
+sort_down_index_ignrcase(const void *p1, const void *p2)
+{
+	return -sort_up_index_ignrcase(p1, p2);
+}
+
+struct sort_option {
+	qsort_compfunc func;
+	const char *keydescr;
+};
+
+/*
+ * sorted_in --- fetch and parse value of PROCINFO["sorted_in"] to decide
+ * whether to sort the traversal of ``for (index in array) {}'', and
+ * if so, what ordering to generate; returns a qsort comparison function
+ */
+
+static qsort_compfunc
+sorted_in(void)
+{
+	static struct sort_option sorts[] = {
+		/* explicit no-op */
+		{ (qsort_compfunc) NULL, "unsorted" },
+		/* also matches "ascending index" and "ascending" */
+		{ sort_up_index_str,   "ascending index string" },
+		/* also matches "descending index" and "descending" */
+		{ sort_down_index_str, "descending index string" },
+	/*
+	 * to come
+	 */
+		/* also matches "ascending value"; "ascending" won't get here */
+	/*	{ sort_up_value_str,   "ascending value string" },
+	 *	{ sort_down_value_str, "descending value string" },
+	 *	{ sort_up_index_num,    "ascending index number" },
+	 *	{ sort_down_index_num,  "descending index number" },
+	 *	{ sort_up_value_num,   "ascending value number" },
+	 *	{ sort_down_value_num, "descending value number" },
+	 * and possibly
+	 *	{ sort_as_inserted,     "insertion-order" },
+	 */
+	};
+	static NODE *sorted_str = NULL;
+	static short warned_extension = FALSE, warned_unrecognized = FALSE;
+
+	NODE *r;
+	const char *s, *descr;
+	size_t i, k, l;
+	short is_number;
+	qsort_compfunc sort_func;
+
+	/* if there's no PROCINFO[], there can be no ["sorted_in"], so no sorting */
+	if (PROCINFO_node == NULL)
+		return (qsort_compfunc) NULL;
+
+	if (sorted_str == NULL)		/* do this once */
+		sorted_str = make_string("sorted_in", 9);
+
+	r = (NODE *) NULL;
+	if (in_array(PROCINFO_node, sorted_str))
+		r = *assoc_lookup(PROCINFO_node, sorted_str, TRUE);
+	/* if there's no PROCINFO["sorted_in"], there's no sorting */
+	if (!r)
+		return (qsort_compfunc) 0;
+
+	/* we're going to make use of PROCINFO["sorted_in"] */
+	if (do_lint && ! warned_extension) {
+		warned_extension = TRUE;
+		lintwarn(_("`PROCINFO[\"sorted_in\"]' is a gawk extension"));
+	}
+
+	/* default result is no sorting */
+	sort_func = (qsort_compfunc) NULL;
+
+	/* undocumented synonyms: 0 is "unsorted", 1 is "ascending index" */
+	if (r->flags & MAYBE_NUM)
+		(void) force_number(r);
+	is_number = ((r->flags & NUMBER) != 0);
+	if (is_number) {
+		if (r->numbr == 1)
+			sort_func = sort_up_index_str;
+		if (r->numbr == 0 || r->numbr == 1)
+			goto got_func;
+		/*
+		 * using PROCINFO["sorted_in"] as a number is not a general
+		 * index into sorts[]; entries beyond [1] may get reordered
+		 */
+	}
+
+	r = force_string(r);
+	s = r->stptr;
+	l = r->stlen;
+	while (l > 0 && *s == ' ')
+		++s, --l;
+
+	/* treat empty string the same as 0, a synonym for no sorting */
+	if (l == 0)
+		goto got_func;		/* sort_func is still 0 */
+
+	/* scan the list of available sorting orders */
+	for (i = 0; i < (sizeof sorts / sizeof *sorts); ++i) {
+		descr = sorts[i].keydescr;
+		if (((k = strlen(descr)) == l || (k > l && descr[l] == ' '))
+		    && !strncasecmp(s, descr, l)) {
+			sort_func = sorts[i].func;
+			goto got_func;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* we didn't match any key description; sort_func is still 0 */
+	if ((do_lint || is_number) && ! warned_unrecognized) {
+		warned_unrecognized = TRUE;
+		lintwarn(_("`PROCINFO[\"sorted_in\"]' value is not recognized"));
+	}
+
+got_func:
+	unref(r);
+	if (IGNORECASE) {
+		if (sort_func == sort_up_index_str)
+			sort_func = sort_up_index_ignrcase;
+		if (sort_func == sort_down_index_str)
+			sort_func = sort_down_index_ignrcase;
+	}
+
+	return sort_func;
+}
 
 
 
@@ -2202,10 +2420,7 @@ post:
 			NODE *array;
 			size_t num_elems = 0;
 			size_t i, j;
-			static NODE *sorted_str = NULL;
-
-			if (sorted_str == NULL)
-				sorted_str = make_string("sorted_in", 9);
+			qsort_compfunc sort_compare;
 
 			/* get the array */
 			array = POP_ARRAY();
@@ -2229,9 +2444,10 @@ post:
 				}
 			}
 
-			if (PROCINFO_node != NULL
-			    && in_array(PROCINFO_node, sorted_str))
-				qsort(list, num_elems, sizeof(NODE *), comp_func); /* shazzam! */
+			sort_compare = sorted_in();
+			if (sort_compare)
+				qsort(list, num_elems, sizeof(NODE *),
+				      sort_compare); /* shazzam! */
 			list[num_elems] = array;      /* actual array for use in
 			                               * lint warning in Op_arrayfor_incr
 			                               */
diff --git a/test/ChangeLog b/test/ChangeLog
index 542a9d73..8b2138d6 100644
--- a/test/ChangeLog
+++ b/test/ChangeLog
@@ -1,3 +1,8 @@
+Tue Feb 15 17:11:26 2011  Pat Rankin  <rankin@pactechdata.com>
+
+	* sortfor.awk: New values for PROCINFO["sorted_in"].
+	* sortfor.ok: Sync with updated sortfor.awk.
+
 Wed Feb 16 21:09:50 2011  Arnold D. Robbins  <arnold@skeeve.com>
 
 	* Makefile.am (lintwarn): New test.
diff --git a/test/sortfor.awk b/test/sortfor.awk
index f61200da..611eca64 100644
--- a/test/sortfor.awk
+++ b/test/sortfor.awk
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-BEGIN {
-	PROCINFO["sorted_in"] = 1
-}
 { a[$0]++ }
 END {
+	PROCINFO["sorted_in"] = "ascending"
+	for (i in a)
+		print i
+	PROCINFO["sorted_in"] = "descending"
 	for (i in a)
 		print i
 }
diff --git a/test/sortfor.ok b/test/sortfor.ok
index 3da24591..8fc84d06 100644
--- a/test/sortfor.ok
+++ b/test/sortfor.ok
@@ -287,3 +287,292 @@ wjposer1
 zero2
 zeroe0
 zeroflag
+zeroflag
+zeroe0
+zero2
+wjposer1
+widesub4
+widesub3
+widesub2
+widesub
+wideidx2
+wideidx
+uparrfs
+unterm
+uninitialized
+uninit5
+uninit4
+uninit3
+uninit2
+tweakfld
+tradanch
+synerr2
+synerr1
+switch2
+swaplns
+substr
+subslash
+subsepnm
+subi18n
+subamp
+strtonum
+strtod
+strnum1
+strftlng
+strftime
+strcat1
+sprintfc
+splitwht
+splitvar
+splitdef
+splitarr
+splitargv
+splitarg4
+space
+sortempty
+sort1
+shadow
+sclifin
+sclforin
+scalar
+rswhite
+rstest6
+rstest5
+rstest4
+rstest3
+rstest2
+rstest1
+rsstart3
+rsstart2
+rsstart1
+rsnulbig2
+rsnulbig
+rsnul1nl
+rs
+resplit
+reparse
+reint2
+reint
+reindops
+regx8bit
+regeq
+redfilnm
+rebuf
+rebt8b2
+rebt8b1
+range1
+rand
+prtoeval
+prt1eval
+profile2
+profile1
+procinfs
+prmreuse
+prmarscl
+printfbad2
+printfbad1
+printf1
+printf0
+prec
+prdupval
+poundbang
+posix2008sub
+posix
+pipeio2
+pipeio1
+pid
+pcntplus
+patsplit
+parseme
+parsefld
+parse1
+paramtyp
+paramres
+paramdup
+opasnslf
+opasnidx
+onlynl
+ofmts
+ofmtfidl
+ofmtbig
+ofmt
+octsub
+numsubstr
+numindex
+nulrsend
+nors
+noparms
+nonl
+nondec2
+nondec
+noloop2
+noloop1
+nofmtch
+nofile
+noeffect
+nlstrina
+nlinstr
+nlfldsep
+nfset
+nfneg
+nfldstr
+nested
+negexp
+nasty2
+nasty
+mtchi18n
+mmap8k
+minusstr
+messages
+membug1
+mbstr1
+mbprintf3
+mbprintf2
+mbprintf1
+mbfw1
+math
+match3
+match2
+match1
+manyfiles
+manglprm
+longwrds
+longsub
+localenl
+litoct
+lintold
+lint
+leadnl
+leaddig
+lc_num1
+iobug1
+intprec
+intformat
+intest
+inputred
+indirectcall
+ignrcase
+ignrcas2
+igncfs
+igncdym
+icasers
+icasefs
+hsprint
+hex
+gsubtst6
+gsubtst5
+gsubtst4
+gsubtst3
+gsubtst2
+gsubtest
+gsubasgn
+gnureops
+gnuops3
+gnuops2
+getnr2tm
+getnr2tb
+getlnhd
+getlndir
+getlnbuf
+getline3
+getline2
+getline
+gensub2
+gensub
+fwtest2
+fwtest
+funstack
+funsmnam
+funsemnl
+funlen
+fstabplus
+fsspcoln
+fsrs
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