diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'doc')
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/CMakeLists.txt | 95 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/ChangeLog | 32 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/Makefile.am | 14 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/Makefile.in | 14 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/awkcard.in | 3 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/gawk.1 | 27 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/gawk.info | 1343 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/gawk.texi | 124 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/gawktexi.in | 124 |
9 files changed, 1044 insertions, 732 deletions
diff --git a/doc/CMakeLists.txt b/doc/CMakeLists.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..e12f5de0 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/CMakeLists.txt @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ +# +# doc/CMakeLists.txt --- CMake input file for gawk +# +# Copyright (C) 2013 +# the Free Software Foundation, Inc. +# +# This file is part of GAWK, the GNU implementation of the +# AWK Programming Language. +# +# GAWK is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify +# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by +# the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or +# (at your option) any later version. +# +# GAWK is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, +# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of +# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the +# GNU General Public License for more details. +# +# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License +# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software +# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA +# + +## process this file with CMake to produce Makefile + +MACRO(DocDependency outfile) + add_dependencies(doc ${outfile}) + add_custom_target( + ${outfile} + DEPENDS ${ARGN} + WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR} + COMMAND ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake/docmaker ${outfile} ${ARGN} + ) +ENDMACRO(DocDependency) + +find_program(TEXI2DVI_CONVERTER texi2dvi) +if (TEXI2DVI_CONVERTER) + add_custom_target(doc) + DocDependency(gawk.texi gawktexi.in rflashlight.eps api-figure1.fig api-figure2.fig api-figure3.fig general-program.fig process-flow.fig) + DocDependency(rflashlight.eps) + DocDependency(api-figure1.fig) + DocDependency(api-figure2.fig) + DocDependency(api-figure3.fig) + DocDependency(general-program.fig) + DocDependency(process-flow.fig) + DocDependency(gawk.dvi gawk.texi) + DocDependency(gawk.info gawk.texi) + DocDependency(gawkinet.dvi gawkinet.texi) + DocDependency(gawkinet.info gawkinet.texi) + DocDependency(gawkinet.texi statist.eps) + DocDependency(gawk.1.ps gawk.1) + DocDependency(igawk.1.ps igawk.1) + find_program(DVIPS_CONVERTER dvips) + if (DVIPS_CONVERTER) + DocDependency(gawk.ps gawk.dvi) + DocDependency(gawkinet.ps gawkinet.dvi) + find_program(PS2PDF_CONVERTER ps2pdf) + if (PS2PDF_CONVERTER) + DocDependency(gawk.1.pdf gawk.1.ps) + DocDependency(igawk.1.pdf igawk.1.ps) + DocDependency(gawk.pdf gawk.ps) + DocDependency(gawkinet.pdf gawkinet.ps) + install(FILES ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/gawk.1.pdf DESTINATION doc) + install(FILES ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/igawk.1.pdf DESTINATION doc) + install(FILES ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/gawk.info DESTINATION doc) + install(FILES ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/gawk.pdf DESTINATION doc) + install(FILES ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/gawkinet.info DESTINATION doc) + install(FILES ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/gawkinet.pdf DESTINATION doc) + + set(CARDSRC macros cardfonts colors awkcard.tr) + set(CARDSRC_N macros cardfonts no.colors awkcard.tr) + set(CARDFILES ${CARDSRC} ad.block awkcard.in setter.outline) + DocDependency(awkcard.tr awkcard.in) + DocDependency(awkcard.nc ${CARDFILES}) + DocDependency(awkcard.ps ${CARDFILES}) + DocDependency(awkcard.pdf awkcard.ps) + install(FILES ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/awkcard.pdf DESTINATION doc) + + else() + message(WARNING "Found no ps2pdf tool; no doc will be generated") + install(CODE "MESSAGE(\"doc generated only in .ps files\")") + endif() + else() + message(WARNING "Found no dvips tool; no doc will be generated") + install(CODE "MESSAGE(\"doc generated only in .dvi files and man pages in .ps files\")") + endif() +else() + message(WARNING "Found no texi2dvi tool; no doc will be generated") + add_custom_command( + TARGET doc + COMMAND echo no doc generated because of missing texi2dvi + ) +endif() + diff --git a/doc/ChangeLog b/doc/ChangeLog index 79c69a30..4eaa8138 100644 --- a/doc/ChangeLog +++ b/doc/ChangeLog @@ -9,6 +9,10 @@ exercises. Remove use of LC_ALL in an example; doesn't seem to be needed anymore. + Unrelated: + + * gawktexi.in: Document that MirBSD is no longer supported. + 2014-08-25 Arnold D. Robbins <arnold@skeeve.com> * gawktexi.in: Exercises are excluded from print edition. @@ -42,6 +46,10 @@ * gawktexi.in: Starting on reviewer comments. Update acknowledgements. +2014-08-12 Arnold D. Robbins <arnold@skeeve.com> + + * gawktexi.in: Cause div.awk to get into the example files. + 2014-08-06 Arnold D. Robbins <arnold@skeeve.com> * gawktexi.in: Misc minor additions. @@ -56,6 +64,18 @@ * gawktexi.in: Fix doc for API get_record - errcode needs to be greater than zero. +2014-07-24 Arnold D. Robbins <arnold@skeeve.com> + + * gawktexi.in (Numeric Functions): For `div()', clarify + truncation is towards zero. Thanks to Michal Jaegermann + for pointing out the need to clarify this. + +2014-07-10 Arnold D. Robbins <arnold@skeeve.com> + + * gawktexi.in (Numeric Functions): Document new `div()' function. + (Arbitrary Precision Integers): Document raison d'etre for div(). + * gawk.1, awkcard.in: Document `div()'. + 2014-07-04 Arnold D. Robbins <arnold@skeeve.com> * gawktexi.in (Bracket Expressions): Add a note about how to @@ -66,6 +86,11 @@ * gawktexi.in: Update permissions on copyright page per latest maintain.texi. Add GPL to print version of book. +2014-06-24 Arnold D. Robbins <arnold@skeeve.com> + + * gawktexi.in: Document that --pretty-print no longer runs the + program. Remove mention of GAWK_NO_PP_RUN env var. + 2014-06-22 Arnold D. Robbins <arnold@skeeve.com> * gawktexi.in: Typo fixes and minor corrections. @@ -362,7 +387,7 @@ 2013-12-26 Arnold D. Robbins <arnold@skeeve.com> * gawktexi.in: More minor additions / fixes. - (Bugs): Add John Malmberg for VMS. + (Bugs): Add John Malmberg for VMS. Other minor edits. 2013-12-25 Arnold D. Robbins <arnold@skeeve.com> @@ -436,6 +461,11 @@ * gawktexi.in (FN, FFN, DF,DDF, PVERSION, CTL): Remove macros. They have no alternate versions and are just in the way. +2013-08-15 Arnold D. Robbins <arnold@skeeve.com> + + * gawk.1: Document that ENVIRON updates affect the environment. + * gawktexi.in: Ditto. + 2013-06-27 Arnold D. Robbins <arnold@skeeve.com> * texinfo.tex: Update from Karl, fixes a formating problem. diff --git a/doc/Makefile.am b/doc/Makefile.am index 86321bbc..8a0442a7 100644 --- a/doc/Makefile.am +++ b/doc/Makefile.am @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ info_TEXINFOS = gawk.texi gawkinet.texi -man_MANS = gawk.1 igawk.1 +man_MANS = gawk.1 EXTRA_DIST = ChangeLog ChangeLog.0 README.card ad.block setter.outline \ awkcard.in awkforai.txt texinfo.tex cardfonts \ @@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ EXTRA_DIST = ChangeLog ChangeLog.0 README.card ad.block setter.outline \ bc_notes # Get rid of generated files when cleaning -CLEANFILES = *.ps *.html *.dvi *~ awkcard.nc awkcard.tr gawk.pdf gawkinet.pdf awkcard.pdf gawk.1.pdf igawk.1.pdf +CLEANFILES = *.ps *.html *.dvi *~ awkcard.nc awkcard.tr gawk.pdf gawkinet.pdf awkcard.pdf gawk.1.pdf MAKEINFO = @MAKEINFO@ --no-split --force @@ -75,9 +75,9 @@ AWKCARD = awkcard.ps gawk.texi: $(srcdir)/gawktexi.in $(srcdir)/sidebar.awk awk -f $(srcdir)/sidebar.awk < $(srcdir)/gawktexi.in > gawk.texi -postscript: gawk.ps gawkinet.ps gawk.1.ps igawk.1.ps $(AWKCARD) +postscript: gawk.ps gawkinet.ps gawk.1.ps $(AWKCARD) -pdf: postscript gawk.pdf gawkinet.pdf awkcard.pdf gawk.1.pdf igawk.1.pdf +pdf: postscript gawk.pdf gawkinet.pdf awkcard.pdf gawk.1.pdf gawk.ps: gawk.dvi TEXINPUTS=$(srcdir): dvips -o gawk.ps gawk.dvi @@ -91,12 +91,6 @@ gawk.1.ps: gawk.1 gawk.1.pdf: gawk.1.ps ps2pdf gawk.1.ps gawk.1.pdf -igawk.1.ps: igawk.1 - -groff -man $(srcdir)/igawk.1 > igawk.1.ps - -igawk.1.pdf: igawk.1.ps - ps2pdf igawk.1.ps igawk.1.pdf - awkcard.tr: awkcard.in sed 's:SRCDIR:$(srcdir):' < $(srcdir)/awkcard.in > awkcard.tr diff --git a/doc/Makefile.in b/doc/Makefile.in index abaf5601..d89beffd 100644 --- a/doc/Makefile.in +++ b/doc/Makefile.in @@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ top_build_prefix = @top_build_prefix@ top_builddir = @top_builddir@ top_srcdir = @top_srcdir@ info_TEXINFOS = gawk.texi gawkinet.texi -man_MANS = gawk.1 igawk.1 +man_MANS = gawk.1 EXTRA_DIST = ChangeLog ChangeLog.0 README.card ad.block setter.outline \ awkcard.in awkforai.txt texinfo.tex cardfonts \ api-figure1.eps api-figure1.fig api-figure1.pdf \ @@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ EXTRA_DIST = ChangeLog ChangeLog.0 README.card ad.block setter.outline \ # Get rid of generated files when cleaning -CLEANFILES = *.ps *.html *.dvi *~ awkcard.nc awkcard.tr gawk.pdf gawkinet.pdf awkcard.pdf gawk.1.pdf igawk.1.pdf +CLEANFILES = *.ps *.html *.dvi *~ awkcard.nc awkcard.tr gawk.pdf gawkinet.pdf awkcard.pdf gawk.1.pdf TROFF = groff -t -Tps -U SEDME = sed -e "s/^level0 restore/level0 restore flashme 100 72 moveto (Copyright `date '+%m-%d-%y %T'`, FSF, Inc. (all)) show/" \ -e "s/^\/level0 save def/\/level0 save def 30 -48 translate/" @@ -869,9 +869,9 @@ uninstall-man: uninstall-man1 gawk.texi: $(srcdir)/gawktexi.in $(srcdir)/sidebar.awk awk -f $(srcdir)/sidebar.awk < $(srcdir)/gawktexi.in > gawk.texi -postscript: gawk.ps gawkinet.ps gawk.1.ps igawk.1.ps $(AWKCARD) +postscript: gawk.ps gawkinet.ps gawk.1.ps $(AWKCARD) -pdf: postscript gawk.pdf gawkinet.pdf awkcard.pdf gawk.1.pdf igawk.1.pdf +pdf: postscript gawk.pdf gawkinet.pdf awkcard.pdf gawk.1.pdf gawk.ps: gawk.dvi TEXINPUTS=$(srcdir): dvips -o gawk.ps gawk.dvi @@ -885,12 +885,6 @@ gawk.1.ps: gawk.1 gawk.1.pdf: gawk.1.ps ps2pdf gawk.1.ps gawk.1.pdf -igawk.1.ps: igawk.1 - -groff -man $(srcdir)/igawk.1 > igawk.1.ps - -igawk.1.pdf: igawk.1.ps - ps2pdf igawk.1.ps igawk.1.pdf - awkcard.tr: awkcard.in sed 's:SRCDIR:$(srcdir):' < $(srcdir)/awkcard.in > awkcard.tr diff --git a/doc/awkcard.in b/doc/awkcard.in index ca28f0a7..556bdc1e 100644 --- a/doc/awkcard.in +++ b/doc/awkcard.in @@ -1609,6 +1609,9 @@ expand; l lw(2i). \*(CD\*(FCatan2(\*(FIy\*(FC, \*(FIx\*(FC)\*(FR The arctangent of \*(FIy/x\fP in radians. \*(FCcos(\*(FIexpr\*(FC)\*(FR The cosine of \*(FIexpr\fP, which is in radians. +\*(CB\*(FCdiv(\*(FIn\*(FR\*(FC,\*(FI d\*(FR\*(FC,\*(FI res\*(FR\*(FC)\*(FR T{ +Return the result of integer division in \*(FIres\*(FR.\*(CD +T} \*(FCexp(\*(FIexpr\*(FC)\*(FR The exponential function (\*(FIe \*(FC^ \*(FIx\*(FR). \*(FCint(\*(FIexpr\*(FC)\*(FR Truncate to integer. \*(FClog(\*(FIexpr\*(FC)\*(FR The natural logarithm function (base \*(FIe\^\*(FR). @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ . if \w'\(rq' .ds rq "\(rq . \} .\} -.TH GAWK 1 "Apr 17 2014" "Free Software Foundation" "Utility Commands" +.TH GAWK 1 "Jul 10 2014" "Free Software Foundation" "Utility Commands" .SH NAME gawk \- pattern scanning and processing language .SH SYNOPSIS @@ -917,11 +917,17 @@ An array containing the values of the current environment. The array is indexed by the environment variables, each element being the value of that variable (e.g., \fBENVIRON["HOME"]\fP might be \fB"/home/arnold"\fR). -Changing this array does not affect the environment seen by programs which +.sp +In POSIX mode, +changing this array does not affect the environment seen by programs which .I gawk spawns via redirection or the .B system() function. +Otherwise, +.I gawk +updates its real environment so that programs it spawns see +the changes. .TP .B ERRNO If a system error occurs either doing a redirection for @@ -2623,6 +2629,23 @@ Return the cosine of .IR expr , which is in radians. .TP +.BI div( num ", " denom ", " result ) +Truncate +.I num +and +.I denom +to integers. Return the quotient of +.I num +divided by +.I denom +in \fIresult\fB["quotient"]\fR +and the remainder in +in \fIresult\fB["remainder"]\fR. +This is a +.I gawk +extension, primarily of value when working with +arbitrarily large integers. +.TP .BI exp( expr ) The exponential function. .TP diff --git a/doc/gawk.info b/doc/gawk.info index 2841d21e..afa825cc 100644 --- a/doc/gawk.info +++ b/doc/gawk.info @@ -2575,10 +2575,8 @@ The following list describes options mandated by the POSIX standard: different file name for the output. No space is allowed between the `-o' and FILE, if FILE is supplied. - NOTE: Due to the way `gawk' has evolved, with this option - your program is still executed. This will change in the next - major release such that `gawk' will only pretty-print the - program and not run it. + NOTE: In the past, this option would also execute your + program. This is no longer the case. `-O' `--optimize' @@ -2964,11 +2962,6 @@ change. The variables are: supposed to be differences, but occasionally theory and practice don't coordinate with each other.) -`GAWK_NO_PP_RUN' - If this variable exists, then when invoked with the - `--pretty-print' option, `gawk' skips running the program. This - variable will not survive into the next major release. - `GAWK_STACKSIZE' This specifies the amount by which `gawk' should grow its internal evaluation stack, when needed. @@ -3358,15 +3351,17 @@ apply to both string constants and regexp constants: `\xHH...' The hexadecimal value HH, where HH stands for a sequence of - hexadecimal digits (`0'-`9', and either `A'-`F' or `a'-`f'). Like - the same construct in ISO C, the escape sequence continues until - the first nonhexadecimal digit is seen. (c.e.) However, using - more than two hexadecimal digits produces undefined results. (The - `\x' escape sequence is not allowed in POSIX `awk'.) + hexadecimal digits (`0'-`9', and either `A'-`F' or `a'-`f'). A + maximum of two digts are allowed after the `\x'. Any further + hexadecimal digits are treated as simple letters or numbers. + (c.e.) - CAUTION: The next major relase of `gawk' will change, such - that a maximum of two hexadecimal digits following the `\x' - will be used. + CAUTION: In ISO C, the escape sequence continues until the + first nonhexadecimal digit is seen. For many years, `gawk' + would continue incorporating hexadecimal digits into the + value until a non-hexadecimal digit or the end of the string + was encountered. However, using more than two hexadecimal + digits produces `\/' A literal slash (necessary for regexp constants only). This @@ -10216,10 +10211,18 @@ Options::), they are not special. An associative array containing the values of the environment. The array indices are the environment variable names; the elements are the values of the particular environment variables. For - example, `ENVIRON["HOME"]' might be `"/home/arnold"'. Changing - this array does not affect the environment passed on to any - programs that `awk' may spawn via redirection or the `system()' - function. (In a future version of `gawk', it may do so.) + example, `ENVIRON["HOME"]' might be `/home/arnold'. + + For POSIX `awk', changing this array does not affect the + environment passed on to any programs that `awk' may spawn via + redirection or the `system()' function. + + However, beginning with version 4.2, if not in POSIX compatibility + mode, `gawk' does update its own environment when `ENVIRON' is + changed, thus changing the environment seen by programs that it + creates. You should therefore be especially careful if you modify + `ENVIRON["PATH"]"', which is the search path for finding + executable programs. Some operating systems may not have environment variables. On such systems, the `ENVIRON' array is empty (except for @@ -11745,6 +11748,21 @@ brackets ([ ]): `cos(X)' Return the cosine of X, with X in radians. +`div(NUMERATOR, DENOMINATOR, RESULT)' + Perform integer division, similar to the standard C function of the + same name. First, truncate `numerator' and `denominator' towards + zero, creating integer values. Clear the `result' array, and then + set `result["quotient"]' to the result of `numerator / + denominator', truncated towards zero to an integer, and set + `result["remainder"]' to the result of `numerator % denominator', + truncated towards zero to an integer. This function is primarily + intended for use with arbitrary length integers; it avoids + creating MPFR arbitrary precision floating-point values (*note + Arbitrary Precision Integers::). + + This function is a `gawk' extension. It is not available in + compatibility mode (*note Options::). + `exp(X)' Return the exponential of X (`e ^ X') or report an error if X is out of range. The range of values X can have depends on your @@ -19666,8 +19684,8 @@ by the `Ctrl-<\>' key. called this way, `gawk' "pretty prints" the program into `awkprof.out', without any execution counts. - NOTE: The `--pretty-print' option still runs your program. This - will change in the next major release. + NOTE: Once upon a time, the `--pretty-print' option would also run + your program. This is is no longer the case. File: gawk.info, Node: Advanced Features Summary, Prev: Profiling, Up: Advanced Features @@ -22142,6 +22160,29 @@ just use the following: gawk -M 'BEGIN { n = 13; print n % 2 }' + When dividing two arbitrary precision integers with either `/' or +`%', the result is typically an arbitrary precision floating point +value (unless the denominator evenly divides into the numerator). In +order to do integer division or remainder with arbitrary precision +integers, use the built-in `div()' function (*note Numeric Functions::). + + You can simulate the `div()' function in standard `awk' using this +user-defined function: + + # div --- do integer division + + function div(numerator, denominator, result, i) + { + split("", result) + + numerator = int(numerator) + denominator = int(denominator) + result["quotient"] = int(numerator / denominator) + result["remainder"] = int(numerator % denominator) + + return 0.0 + } + ---------- Footnotes ---------- (1) Weisstein, Eric W. `Sylvester's Sequence'. From MathWorld--A @@ -26168,6 +26209,8 @@ the current version of `gawk'. - Ultrix + * Support for MirBSD was removed at `gawk' version 4.2. + File: gawk.info, Node: Feature History, Next: Common Extensions, Prev: POSIX/GNU, Up: Language History @@ -27071,7 +27114,9 @@ Various `.c', `.y', and `.h' files `doc/igawk.1' The `troff' source for a manual page describing the `igawk' - program presented in *note Igawk Program::. + program presented in *note Igawk Program::. (Since `gawk' can do + its own `@include' processing, neither `igawk' nor `igawk.1' are + installed.) `doc/Makefile.in' The input file used during the configuration process to generate @@ -27113,11 +27158,10 @@ Various `.c', `.y', and `.h' files contains a `Makefile.in' file, which `configure' uses to generate a `Makefile'. `Makefile.am' is used by GNU Automake to create `Makefile.in'. The library functions from *note Library - Functions::, and the `igawk' program from *note Igawk Program::, - are included as ready-to-use files in the `gawk' distribution. - They are installed as part of the installation process. The rest - of the programs in this Info file are available in appropriate - subdirectories of `awklib/eg'. + Functions::, are included as ready-to-use files in the `gawk' + distribution. They are installed as part of the installation + process. The rest of the programs in this Info file are available + in appropriate subdirectories of `awklib/eg'. `extension/*' The source code, manual pages, and infrastructure files for the @@ -31049,20 +31093,20 @@ Index * --include option: Options. (line 159) * --lint option <1>: Options. (line 185) * --lint option: Command Line. (line 20) -* --lint-old option: Options. (line 295) +* --lint-old option: Options. (line 293) * --load option: Options. (line 173) * --non-decimal-data option <1>: Nondecimal Data. (line 6) * --non-decimal-data option: Options. (line 211) * --non-decimal-data option, strtonum() function and: Nondecimal Data. (line 36) -* --optimize option: Options. (line 237) -* --posix option: Options. (line 254) -* --posix option, --traditional option and: Options. (line 273) +* --optimize option: Options. (line 235) +* --posix option: Options. (line 252) +* --posix option, --traditional option and: Options. (line 271) * --pretty-print option: Options. (line 224) * --profile option <1>: Profiling. (line 12) -* --profile option: Options. (line 242) -* --re-interval option: Options. (line 279) -* --sandbox option: Options. (line 286) +* --profile option: Options. (line 240) +* --re-interval option: Options. (line 277) +* --sandbox option: Options. (line 284) * --sandbox option, disabling system() function: I/O Functions. (line 97) * --sandbox option, input redirection with getline: Getline. (line 19) @@ -31070,9 +31114,9 @@ Index (line 6) * --source option: Options. (line 117) * --traditional option: Options. (line 81) -* --traditional option, --posix option and: Options. (line 273) +* --traditional option, --posix option and: Options. (line 271) * --use-lc-numeric option: Options. (line 219) -* --version option: Options. (line 300) +* --version option: Options. (line 298) * --with-whiny-user-strftime configuration option: Additional Configuration Options. (line 35) * -b option: Options. (line 68) @@ -31080,32 +31124,32 @@ Index * -c option: Options. (line 81) * -D option: Options. (line 108) * -d option: Options. (line 93) -* -e option: Options. (line 335) +* -e option: Options. (line 333) * -E option: Options. (line 125) * -e option: Options. (line 117) * -f option: Options. (line 25) * -F option: Options. (line 21) * -f option: Long. (line 12) -* -F option, -Ft sets FS to TAB: Options. (line 308) +* -F option, -Ft sets FS to TAB: Options. (line 306) * -F option, command-line: Command Line Field Separator. (line 6) -* -f option, multiple uses: Options. (line 313) +* -f option, multiple uses: Options. (line 311) * -g option: Options. (line 147) * -h option: Options. (line 154) * -i option: Options. (line 159) -* -L option: Options. (line 295) +* -L option: Options. (line 293) * -l option: Options. (line 173) * -M option: Options. (line 205) * -N option: Options. (line 219) * -n option: Options. (line 211) -* -O option: Options. (line 237) +* -O option: Options. (line 235) * -o option: Options. (line 224) -* -P option: Options. (line 254) -* -p option: Options. (line 242) -* -r option: Options. (line 279) -* -S option: Options. (line 286) +* -P option: Options. (line 252) +* -p option: Options. (line 240) +* -r option: Options. (line 277) +* -S option: Options. (line 284) * -v option: Assignment Options. (line 12) -* -V option: Options. (line 300) +* -V option: Options. (line 298) * -v option: Options. (line 32) * -W option: Options. (line 46) * . (period), regexp operator: Regexp Operators. (line 44) @@ -31163,10 +31207,10 @@ Index * ? (question mark), regexp operator: Regexp Operators. (line 111) * [] (square brackets), regexp operator: Regexp Operators. (line 56) * \ (backslash): Comments. (line 50) -* \ (backslash), \" escape sequence: Escape Sequences. (line 82) +* \ (backslash), \" escape sequence: Escape Sequences. (line 84) * \ (backslash), \' operator (gawk): GNU Regexp Operators. (line 56) -* \ (backslash), \/ escape sequence: Escape Sequences. (line 73) +* \ (backslash), \/ escape sequence: Escape Sequences. (line 75) * \ (backslash), \< operator (gawk): GNU Regexp Operators. (line 30) * \ (backslash), \> operator (gawk): GNU Regexp Operators. @@ -31206,7 +31250,7 @@ Index * \ (backslash), in bracket expressions: Bracket Expressions. (line 17) * \ (backslash), in escape sequences: Escape Sequences. (line 6) * \ (backslash), in escape sequences, POSIX and: Escape Sequences. - (line 118) + (line 120) * \ (backslash), in regexp constants: Computed Regexps. (line 29) * \ (backslash), in shell commands: Quoting. (line 48) * \ (backslash), regexp operator: Regexp Operators. (line 18) @@ -31375,7 +31419,7 @@ Index * awf (amazingly workable formatter) program: Glossary. (line 24) * awk debugging, enabling: Options. (line 108) * awk language, POSIX version: Assignment Ops. (line 137) -* awk profiling, enabling: Options. (line 242) +* awk profiling, enabling: Options. (line 240) * awk programs <1>: Two Rules. (line 6) * awk programs <2>: Executable Scripts. (line 6) * awk programs: Getting Started. (line 12) @@ -31433,10 +31477,10 @@ Index * awkvars.out file: Options. (line 93) * b debugger command (alias for break): Breakpoint Control. (line 11) * backslash (\): Comments. (line 50) -* backslash (\), \" escape sequence: Escape Sequences. (line 82) +* backslash (\), \" escape sequence: Escape Sequences. (line 84) * backslash (\), \' operator (gawk): GNU Regexp Operators. (line 56) -* backslash (\), \/ escape sequence: Escape Sequences. (line 73) +* backslash (\), \/ escape sequence: Escape Sequences. (line 75) * backslash (\), \< operator (gawk): GNU Regexp Operators. (line 30) * backslash (\), \> operator (gawk): GNU Regexp Operators. @@ -31476,7 +31520,7 @@ Index * backslash (\), in bracket expressions: Bracket Expressions. (line 17) * backslash (\), in escape sequences: Escape Sequences. (line 6) * backslash (\), in escape sequences, POSIX and: Escape Sequences. - (line 118) + (line 120) * backslash (\), in regexp constants: Computed Regexps. (line 29) * backslash (\), in shell commands: Quoting. (line 48) * backslash (\), regexp operator: Regexp Operators. (line 18) @@ -31581,7 +31625,7 @@ Index (line 67) * Brian Kernighan's awk <12>: GNU Regexp Operators. (line 83) -* Brian Kernighan's awk <13>: Escape Sequences. (line 122) +* Brian Kernighan's awk <13>: Escape Sequences. (line 124) * Brian Kernighan's awk: When. (line 21) * Brian Kernighan's awk, extensions: BTL. (line 6) * Brian Kernighan's awk, source code: Other Versions. (line 13) @@ -31779,7 +31823,7 @@ Index * cosine: Numeric Functions. (line 15) * counting: Wc Program. (line 6) * csh utility: Statements/Lines. (line 44) -* csh utility, POSIXLY_CORRECT environment variable: Options. (line 353) +* csh utility, POSIXLY_CORRECT environment variable: Options. (line 351) * csh utility, |& operator, comparison with: Two-way I/O. (line 25) * ctime() user-defined function: Function Example. (line 74) * currency symbols, localization: Explaining gettext. (line 104) @@ -31810,13 +31854,13 @@ Index * dark corner, CONVFMT variable: Strings And Numbers. (line 40) * dark corner, escape sequences: Other Arguments. (line 35) * dark corner, escape sequences, for metacharacters: Escape Sequences. - (line 140) + (line 142) * dark corner, exit statement: Exit Statement. (line 30) * dark corner, field separators: Field Splitting Summary. (line 46) -* dark corner, FILENAME variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 90) +* dark corner, FILENAME variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 98) * dark corner, FILENAME variable: Getline Notes. (line 19) -* dark corner, FNR/NR variables: Auto-set. (line 301) +* dark corner, FNR/NR variables: Auto-set. (line 309) * dark corner, format-control characters: Control Letters. (line 18) * dark corner, FS as null string: Single Character Fields. (line 20) @@ -31963,7 +32007,7 @@ Index * debugger, read commands from a file: Debugger Info. (line 96) * debugging awk programs: Debugger. (line 6) * debugging gawk, bug reports: Bugs. (line 9) -* decimal point character, locale specific: Options. (line 270) +* decimal point character, locale specific: Options. (line 268) * decrement operators: Increment Ops. (line 35) * default keyword: Switch Statement. (line 6) * Deifik, Scott <1>: Bugs. (line 71) @@ -32002,12 +32046,12 @@ Index (line 81) * differences in awk and gawk, command-line directories: Command-line directories. (line 6) -* differences in awk and gawk, ERRNO variable: Auto-set. (line 74) +* differences in awk and gawk, ERRNO variable: Auto-set. (line 82) * differences in awk and gawk, error messages: Special FD. (line 16) * differences in awk and gawk, FIELDWIDTHS variable: User-modified. (line 37) * differences in awk and gawk, FPAT variable: User-modified. (line 43) -* differences in awk and gawk, FUNCTAB variable: Auto-set. (line 115) +* differences in awk and gawk, FUNCTAB variable: Auto-set. (line 123) * differences in awk and gawk, function arguments (gawk): Calling Built-in. (line 16) * differences in awk and gawk, getline command: Getline. (line 19) @@ -32030,7 +32074,7 @@ Index (line 260) * differences in awk and gawk, print/printf statements: Format Modifiers. (line 13) -* differences in awk and gawk, PROCINFO array: Auto-set. (line 128) +* differences in awk and gawk, PROCINFO array: Auto-set. (line 136) * differences in awk and gawk, read timeouts: Read Timeout. (line 6) * differences in awk and gawk, record separators: awk split records. (line 124) @@ -32040,7 +32084,7 @@ Index (line 26) * differences in awk and gawk, RS/RT variables: gawk split records. (line 58) -* differences in awk and gawk, RT variable: Auto-set. (line 257) +* differences in awk and gawk, RT variable: Auto-set. (line 265) * differences in awk and gawk, single-character fields: Single Character Fields. (line 6) * differences in awk and gawk, split() function: String Functions. @@ -32048,7 +32092,7 @@ Index * differences in awk and gawk, strings: Scalar Constants. (line 20) * differences in awk and gawk, strings, storing: gawk split records. (line 77) -* differences in awk and gawk, SYMTAB variable: Auto-set. (line 261) +* differences in awk and gawk, SYMTAB variable: Auto-set. (line 269) * differences in awk and gawk, TEXTDOMAIN variable: User-modified. (line 152) * differences in awk and gawk, trunc-mod operation: Arithmetic Ops. @@ -32064,6 +32108,7 @@ Index * display debugger command: Viewing And Changing Data. (line 8) * display debugger options: Debugger Info. (line 57) +* div: Numeric Functions. (line 18) * division: Arithmetic Ops. (line 44) * do-while statement: Do Statement. (line 6) * do-while statement, use of regexps in: Regexp Usage. (line 19) @@ -32087,8 +32132,8 @@ Index * dynamically loaded extensions: Dynamic Extensions. (line 6) * e debugger command (alias for enable): Breakpoint Control. (line 73) * EBCDIC: Ordinal Functions. (line 45) -* effective group ID of gawk user: Auto-set. (line 133) -* effective user ID of gawk user: Auto-set. (line 137) +* effective group ID of gawk user: Auto-set. (line 141) +* effective user ID of gawk user: Auto-set. (line 145) * egrep utility <1>: Egrep Program. (line 6) * egrep utility: Bracket Expressions. (line 26) * egrep.awk program: Egrep Program. (line 54) @@ -32143,13 +32188,13 @@ Index (line 11) * EREs (Extended Regular Expressions): Bracket Expressions. (line 26) * ERRNO variable <1>: TCP/IP Networking. (line 54) -* ERRNO variable: Auto-set. (line 74) +* ERRNO variable: Auto-set. (line 82) * ERRNO variable, with BEGINFILE pattern: BEGINFILE/ENDFILE. (line 26) * ERRNO variable, with close() function: Close Files And Pipes. (line 139) * ERRNO variable, with getline command: Getline. (line 19) * error handling: Special FD. (line 16) -* error handling, ERRNO variable and: Auto-set. (line 74) +* error handling, ERRNO variable and: Auto-set. (line 82) * error output: Special FD. (line 6) * escape processing, gsub()/gensub()/sub() functions: Gory Details. (line 6) @@ -32182,10 +32227,10 @@ Index * exit status, of VMS: VMS Running. (line 29) * exit the debugger: Miscellaneous Debugger Commands. (line 99) -* exp: Numeric Functions. (line 18) +* exp: Numeric Functions. (line 33) * expand utility: Very Simple. (line 72) * Expat XML parser library: gawkextlib. (line 35) -* exponent: Numeric Functions. (line 18) +* exponent: Numeric Functions. (line 33) * expressions: Expressions. (line 6) * expressions, as patterns: Expression Patterns. (line 6) * expressions, assignment: Assignment Ops. (line 6) @@ -32203,7 +32248,7 @@ Index (line 6) * extension API version: Extension Versioning. (line 6) -* extension API, version number: Auto-set. (line 224) +* extension API, version number: Auto-set. (line 232) * extension example: Extension Example. (line 6) * extension registration: Registration Functions. (line 6) @@ -32282,7 +32327,7 @@ Index * file names, distinguishing: Auto-set. (line 56) * file names, in compatibility mode: Special Caveats. (line 9) * file names, standard streams in gawk: Special FD. (line 46) -* FILENAME variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 90) +* FILENAME variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 98) * FILENAME variable: Reading Files. (line 6) * FILENAME variable, getline, setting with: Getline Notes. (line 19) * filenames, assignments as: Ignoring Assigns. (line 6) @@ -32350,9 +32395,9 @@ Index * flush buffered output: I/O Functions. (line 28) * fnmatch() extension function: Extension Sample Fnmatch. (line 12) -* FNR variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 99) +* FNR variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 107) * FNR variable: Records. (line 6) -* FNR variable, changing: Auto-set. (line 301) +* FNR variable, changing: Auto-set. (line 309) * for statement: For Statement. (line 6) * for statement, looping over arrays: Scanning an Array. (line 20) * fork() extension function: Extension Sample Fork. @@ -32389,7 +32434,7 @@ Index * FS variable, --field-separator option and: Options. (line 21) * FS variable, as null string: Single Character Fields. (line 20) -* FS variable, as TAB character: Options. (line 266) +* FS variable, as TAB character: Options. (line 264) * FS variable, changing value of: Field Separators. (line 35) * FS variable, running awk programs and: Cut Program. (line 68) * FS variable, setting from command line: Command Line Field Separator. @@ -32402,7 +32447,7 @@ Index * FSF (Free Software Foundation): Manual History. (line 6) * fts() extension function: Extension Sample File Functions. (line 61) -* FUNCTAB array: Auto-set. (line 115) +* FUNCTAB array: Auto-set. (line 123) * function calls: Function Calls. (line 6) * function calls, indirect: Indirect Calls. (line 6) * function definition example: Function Example. (line 6) @@ -32452,7 +32497,7 @@ Index * G-d: Acknowledgments. (line 92) * Garfinkle, Scott: Contributors. (line 34) * gawk program, dynamic profiling: Profiling. (line 179) -* gawk version: Auto-set. (line 199) +* gawk version: Auto-set. (line 207) * gawk, ARGIND variable in: Other Arguments. (line 12) * gawk, awk and <1>: This Manual. (line 14) * gawk, awk and: Preface. (line 21) @@ -32473,13 +32518,13 @@ Index * gawk, distribution: Distribution contents. (line 6) * gawk, ERRNO variable in <1>: TCP/IP Networking. (line 54) -* gawk, ERRNO variable in <2>: Auto-set. (line 74) +* gawk, ERRNO variable in <2>: Auto-set. (line 82) * gawk, ERRNO variable in <3>: BEGINFILE/ENDFILE. (line 26) * gawk, ERRNO variable in <4>: Close Files And Pipes. (line 139) * gawk, ERRNO variable in: Getline. (line 19) -* gawk, escape sequences: Escape Sequences. (line 130) -* gawk, extensions, disabling: Options. (line 254) +* gawk, escape sequences: Escape Sequences. (line 132) +* gawk, extensions, disabling: Options. (line 252) * gawk, features, adding: Adding Code. (line 6) * gawk, features, advanced: Advanced Features. (line 6) * gawk, field separators and: User-modified. (line 71) @@ -32490,7 +32535,7 @@ Index * gawk, FPAT variable in <1>: User-modified. (line 43) * gawk, FPAT variable in: Splitting By Content. (line 27) -* gawk, FUNCTAB array in: Auto-set. (line 115) +* gawk, FUNCTAB array in: Auto-set. (line 123) * gawk, function arguments and: Calling Built-in. (line 16) * gawk, hexadecimal numbers and: Nondecimal-numbers. (line 42) * gawk, IGNORECASE variable in <1>: Array Sorting Functions. @@ -32521,7 +32566,7 @@ Index * gawk, OS/2 version of: PC Using. (line 16) * gawk, PROCINFO array in <1>: Two-way I/O. (line 99) * gawk, PROCINFO array in <2>: Time Functions. (line 47) -* gawk, PROCINFO array in: Auto-set. (line 128) +* gawk, PROCINFO array in: Auto-set. (line 136) * gawk, regexp constants and: Using Constant Regexps. (line 28) * gawk, regular expressions, case sensitivity: Case-sensitivity. @@ -32529,18 +32574,18 @@ Index * gawk, regular expressions, operators: GNU Regexp Operators. (line 6) * gawk, regular expressions, precedence: Regexp Operators. (line 161) -* gawk, RT variable in <1>: Auto-set. (line 257) +* gawk, RT variable in <1>: Auto-set. (line 265) * gawk, RT variable in <2>: Multiple Line. (line 129) * gawk, RT variable in: awk split records. (line 124) * gawk, See Also awk: Preface. (line 34) * gawk, source code, obtaining: Getting. (line 6) * gawk, splitting fields and: Constant Size. (line 88) * gawk, string-translation functions: I18N Functions. (line 6) -* gawk, SYMTAB array in: Auto-set. (line 261) +* gawk, SYMTAB array in: Auto-set. (line 269) * gawk, TEXTDOMAIN variable in: User-modified. (line 152) * gawk, timestamps: Time Functions. (line 6) * gawk, uses for: Preface. (line 34) -* gawk, versions of, information about, printing: Options. (line 300) +* gawk, versions of, information about, printing: Options. (line 298) * gawk, VMS version of: VMS Installation. (line 6) * gawk, word-boundary operator: GNU Regexp Operators. (line 63) @@ -32622,7 +32667,7 @@ Index * Grigera, Juan: Contributors. (line 57) * group database, reading: Group Functions. (line 6) * group file: Group Functions. (line 6) -* group ID of gawk user: Auto-set. (line 172) +* group ID of gawk user: Auto-set. (line 180) * groups, information about: Group Functions. (line 6) * gsub <1>: String Functions. (line 139) * gsub: Using Constant Regexps. @@ -32721,7 +32766,7 @@ Index * installation, VMS: VMS Installation. (line 6) * installing gawk: Installation. (line 6) * instruction tracing, in debugger: Debugger Info. (line 89) -* int: Numeric Functions. (line 23) +* int: Numeric Functions. (line 38) * INT signal (MS-Windows): Profiling. (line 214) * integer array indices: Numeric Array Subscripts. (line 31) @@ -32850,7 +32895,7 @@ Index * lint checking, empty programs: Command Line. (line 16) * lint checking, issuing warnings: Options. (line 185) * lint checking, POSIXLY_CORRECT environment variable: Options. - (line 338) + (line 336) * lint checking, undefined functions: Pass By Value/Reference. (line 88) * LINT variable: User-modified. (line 88) @@ -32864,14 +32909,14 @@ Index * loading, extensions: Options. (line 173) * local variables, in a function: Variable Scope. (line 6) * locale categories: Explaining gettext. (line 81) -* locale decimal point character: Options. (line 270) +* locale decimal point character: Options. (line 268) * locale, definition of: Locales. (line 6) * localization: I18N and L10N. (line 6) * localization, See internationalization, localization: I18N and L10N. (line 6) -* log: Numeric Functions. (line 30) +* log: Numeric Functions. (line 45) * log files, timestamps in: Time Functions. (line 6) -* logarithm: Numeric Functions. (line 30) +* logarithm: Numeric Functions. (line 45) * logical false/true: Truth Values. (line 6) * logical operators, See Boolean expressions: Boolean Ops. (line 6) * login information: Passwd Functions. (line 16) @@ -32911,8 +32956,8 @@ Index * mawk utility <2>: Nextfile Statement. (line 47) * mawk utility <3>: Concatenation. (line 36) * mawk utility <4>: Getline/Pipe. (line 62) -* mawk utility: Escape Sequences. (line 130) -* maximum precision supported by MPFR library: Auto-set. (line 213) +* mawk utility: Escape Sequences. (line 132) +* maximum precision supported by MPFR library: Auto-set. (line 221) * McIlroy, Doug: Glossary. (line 149) * McPhee, Patrick: Contributors. (line 100) * message object files: Explaining gettext. (line 42) @@ -32924,8 +32969,8 @@ Index (line 54) * messages from extensions: Printing Messages. (line 6) * metacharacters in regular expressions: Regexp Operators. (line 6) -* metacharacters, escape sequences for: Escape Sequences. (line 136) -* minimum precision supported by MPFR library: Auto-set. (line 216) +* metacharacters, escape sequences for: Escape Sequences. (line 138) +* minimum precision supported by MPFR library: Auto-set. (line 224) * mktime: Time Functions. (line 25) * modifiers, in format specifiers: Format Modifiers. (line 6) * monetary information, localization: Explaining gettext. (line 104) @@ -32947,7 +32992,7 @@ Index * networks, programming: TCP/IP Networking. (line 6) * networks, support for: Special Network. (line 6) * newlines <1>: Boolean Ops. (line 67) -* newlines <2>: Options. (line 260) +* newlines <2>: Options. (line 258) * newlines: Statements/Lines. (line 6) * newlines, as field separators: Default Field Splitting. (line 6) @@ -32976,7 +33021,7 @@ Index (line 47) * nexti debugger command: Debugger Execution Control. (line 49) -* NF variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 104) +* NF variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 112) * NF variable: Fields. (line 33) * NF variable, decrementing: Changing Fields. (line 107) * ni debugger command (alias for nexti): Debugger Execution Control. @@ -32985,9 +33030,9 @@ Index * non-existent array elements: Reference to Elements. (line 23) * not Boolean-logic operator: Boolean Ops. (line 6) -* NR variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 123) +* NR variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 131) * NR variable: Records. (line 6) -* NR variable, changing: Auto-set. (line 301) +* NR variable, changing: Auto-set. (line 309) * null strings <1>: Basic Data Typing. (line 26) * null strings <2>: Truth Values. (line 6) * null strings <3>: Regexp Field Splitting. @@ -33101,7 +33146,7 @@ Index * p debugger command (alias for print): Viewing And Changing Data. (line 36) * Papadopoulos, Panos: Contributors. (line 128) -* parent process ID of gawk process: Auto-set. (line 181) +* parent process ID of gawk process: Auto-set. (line 189) * parentheses (), in a profile: Profiling. (line 146) * parentheses (), regexp operator: Regexp Operators. (line 81) * password file: Passwd Functions. (line 16) @@ -33143,14 +33188,14 @@ Index * plus sign (+), += operator: Assignment Ops. (line 82) * plus sign (+), regexp operator: Regexp Operators. (line 105) * pointers to functions: Indirect Calls. (line 6) -* portability: Escape Sequences. (line 100) +* portability: Escape Sequences. (line 102) * portability, #! (executable scripts): Executable Scripts. (line 33) * portability, ** operator and: Arithmetic Ops. (line 81) * portability, **= operator and: Assignment Ops. (line 143) * portability, ARGV variable: Executable Scripts. (line 59) * portability, backslash continuation and: Statements/Lines. (line 30) * portability, backslash in escape sequences: Escape Sequences. - (line 118) + (line 120) * portability, close() function and: Close Files And Pipes. (line 81) * portability, data files as single record: gawk split records. @@ -33168,7 +33213,7 @@ Index * portability, NF variable, decrementing: Changing Fields. (line 115) * portability, operators: Increment Ops. (line 60) * portability, operators, not in POSIX awk: Precedence. (line 98) -* portability, POSIXLY_CORRECT environment variable: Options. (line 358) +* portability, POSIXLY_CORRECT environment variable: Options. (line 356) * portability, substr() function: String Functions. (line 510) * portable object files <1>: Translator i18n. (line 6) * portable object files: Explaining gettext. (line 37) @@ -33189,7 +33234,7 @@ Index * POSIX awk, < operator and: Getline/File. (line 26) * POSIX awk, arithmetic operators and: Arithmetic Ops. (line 30) * POSIX awk, backslashes in string constants: Escape Sequences. - (line 118) + (line 120) * POSIX awk, BEGIN/END patterns: I/O And BEGIN/END. (line 16) * POSIX awk, bracket expressions and: Bracket Expressions. (line 26) * POSIX awk, bracket expressions and, character classes: Bracket Expressions. @@ -33217,11 +33262,11 @@ Index * POSIX awk, regular expressions and: Regexp Operators. (line 161) * POSIX awk, timestamps and: Time Functions. (line 6) * POSIX awk, | I/O operator and: Getline/Pipe. (line 55) -* POSIX mode: Options. (line 254) +* POSIX mode: Options. (line 252) * POSIX, awk and: Preface. (line 21) * POSIX, gawk extensions not included in: POSIX/GNU. (line 6) * POSIX, programs, implementing in awk: Clones. (line 6) -* POSIXLY_CORRECT environment variable: Options. (line 338) +* POSIXLY_CORRECT environment variable: Options. (line 336) * PREC variable: User-modified. (line 124) * precedence <1>: Precedence. (line 6) * precedence: Increment Ops. (line 60) @@ -33264,24 +33309,24 @@ Index * printing, unduplicated lines of text: Uniq Program. (line 6) * printing, user information: Id Program. (line 6) * private variables: Library Names. (line 11) -* process group idIDof gawk process: Auto-set. (line 175) -* process ID of gawk process: Auto-set. (line 178) +* process group idIDof gawk process: Auto-set. (line 183) +* process ID of gawk process: Auto-set. (line 186) * processes, two-way communications with: Two-way I/O. (line 6) * processing data: Basic High Level. (line 6) * PROCINFO array <1>: Passwd Functions. (line 6) * PROCINFO array <2>: Time Functions. (line 47) -* PROCINFO array: Auto-set. (line 128) +* PROCINFO array: Auto-set. (line 136) * PROCINFO array, and communications via ptys: Two-way I/O. (line 99) * PROCINFO array, and group membership: Group Functions. (line 6) * PROCINFO array, and user and group ID numbers: Id Program. (line 15) * PROCINFO array, testing the field splitting: Passwd Functions. (line 161) -* PROCINFO array, uses: Auto-set. (line 234) +* PROCINFO array, uses: Auto-set. (line 242) * PROCINFO, values of sorted_in: Controlling Scanning. (line 26) * profiling awk programs: Profiling. (line 6) * profiling awk programs, dynamically: Profiling. (line 179) -* program identifiers: Auto-set. (line 146) +* program identifiers: Auto-set. (line 154) * program, definition of: Getting Started. (line 21) * programming conventions, --non-decimal-data option: Nondecimal Data. (line 36) @@ -33325,12 +33370,12 @@ Index * Rakitzis, Byron: History Sorting. (line 25) * Ramey, Chet <1>: General Data Types. (line 6) * Ramey, Chet: Acknowledgments. (line 60) -* rand: Numeric Functions. (line 35) +* rand: Numeric Functions. (line 50) * random numbers, Cliff: Cliff Random Function. (line 6) * random numbers, rand()/srand() functions: Numeric Functions. - (line 35) -* random numbers, seed of: Numeric Functions. (line 65) + (line 50) +* random numbers, seed of: Numeric Functions. (line 80) * range expressions (regexps): Bracket Expressions. (line 6) * range patterns: Ranges. (line 6) * range patterns, line continuation and: Ranges. (line 65) @@ -33400,7 +33445,7 @@ Index (line 59) * regular expressions, gawk, command-line options: GNU Regexp Operators. (line 70) -* regular expressions, interval expressions and: Options. (line 279) +* regular expressions, interval expressions and: Options. (line 277) * regular expressions, leftmost longest match: Leftmost Longest. (line 6) * regular expressions, operators <1>: Regexp Operators. (line 6) @@ -33440,7 +33485,7 @@ Index * right shift: Bitwise Functions. (line 52) * right shift, bitwise: Bitwise Functions. (line 32) * Ritchie, Dennis: Basic Data Typing. (line 54) -* RLENGTH variable: Auto-set. (line 244) +* RLENGTH variable: Auto-set. (line 252) * RLENGTH variable, match() function and: String Functions. (line 224) * Robbins, Arnold <1>: Future Extensions. (line 6) * Robbins, Arnold <2>: Bugs. (line 32) @@ -33458,7 +33503,7 @@ Index * Robbins, Miriam <2>: Getline/Pipe. (line 39) * Robbins, Miriam: Acknowledgments. (line 92) * Rommel, Kai Uwe: Contributors. (line 42) -* round to nearest integer: Numeric Functions. (line 23) +* round to nearest integer: Numeric Functions. (line 38) * round() user-defined function: Round Function. (line 16) * rounding numbers: Round Function. (line 6) * ROUNDMODE variable: User-modified. (line 128) @@ -33466,9 +33511,9 @@ Index * RS variable: awk split records. (line 12) * RS variable, multiline records and: Multiple Line. (line 17) * rshift: Bitwise Functions. (line 52) -* RSTART variable: Auto-set. (line 250) +* RSTART variable: Auto-set. (line 258) * RSTART variable, match() function and: String Functions. (line 224) -* RT variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 257) +* RT variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 265) * RT variable <2>: Multiple Line. (line 129) * RT variable: awk split records. (line 124) * Rubin, Paul <1>: Contributors. (line 15) @@ -33481,14 +33526,14 @@ Index (line 68) * sample debugging session: Sample Debugging Session. (line 6) -* sandbox mode: Options. (line 286) +* sandbox mode: Options. (line 284) * save debugger options: Debugger Info. (line 84) * scalar or array: Type Functions. (line 11) * scalar values: Basic Data Typing. (line 13) * scanning arrays: Scanning an Array. (line 6) * scanning multidimensional arrays: Multiscanning. (line 11) * Schorr, Andrew <1>: Contributors. (line 133) -* Schorr, Andrew <2>: Auto-set. (line 284) +* Schorr, Andrew <2>: Auto-set. (line 292) * Schorr, Andrew: Acknowledgments. (line 60) * Schreiber, Bert: Acknowledgments. (line 38) * Schreiber, Rita: Acknowledgments. (line 38) @@ -33508,7 +33553,7 @@ Index * sed utility <2>: Simple Sed. (line 6) * sed utility: Field Splitting Summary. (line 46) -* seeding random number generator: Numeric Functions. (line 65) +* seeding random number generator: Numeric Functions. (line 80) * semicolon (;), AWKPATH variable and: PC Using. (line 10) * semicolon (;), separating statements in actions <1>: Statements. (line 10) @@ -33569,14 +33614,14 @@ Index * sidebar, A Constant's Base Does Not Affect Its Value: Nondecimal-numbers. (line 64) * sidebar, Backslash Before Regular Characters: Escape Sequences. - (line 116) + (line 118) * sidebar, Changing FS Does Not Affect the Fields: Field Splitting Summary. (line 38) -* sidebar, Changing NR and FNR: Auto-set. (line 299) +* sidebar, Changing NR and FNR: Auto-set. (line 307) * sidebar, Controlling Output Buffering with system(): I/O Functions. (line 138) * sidebar, Escape Sequences for Metacharacters: Escape Sequences. - (line 134) + (line 136) * sidebar, FS and IGNORECASE: Field Splitting Summary. (line 64) * sidebar, Interactive Versus Noninteractive Buffering: I/O Functions. @@ -33609,8 +33654,8 @@ Index * SIGUSR1 signal, for dynamic profiling: Profiling. (line 188) * silent debugger command: Debugger Execution Control. (line 10) -* sin: Numeric Functions. (line 76) -* sine: Numeric Functions. (line 76) +* sin: Numeric Functions. (line 91) +* sine: Numeric Functions. (line 91) * single quote ('): One-shot. (line 15) * single quote (') in gawk command lines: Long. (line 33) * single quote ('), in shell commands: Quoting. (line 48) @@ -33660,10 +33705,10 @@ Index * sprintf() function, OFMT variable and: User-modified. (line 114) * sprintf() function, print/printf statements and: Round Function. (line 6) -* sqrt: Numeric Functions. (line 79) +* sqrt: Numeric Functions. (line 94) * square brackets ([]), regexp operator: Regexp Operators. (line 56) -* square root: Numeric Functions. (line 79) -* srand: Numeric Functions. (line 83) +* square root: Numeric Functions. (line 94) +* srand: Numeric Functions. (line 98) * stack frame: Debugging Terms. (line 10) * Stallman, Richard <1>: Glossary. (line 296) * Stallman, Richard <2>: Contributors. (line 23) @@ -33735,9 +33780,9 @@ Index * substr: String Functions. (line 479) * substring: String Functions. (line 479) * Sumner, Andrew: Other Versions. (line 64) -* supplementary groups of gawk process: Auto-set. (line 229) +* supplementary groups of gawk process: Auto-set. (line 237) * switch statement: Switch Statement. (line 6) -* SYMTAB array: Auto-set. (line 261) +* SYMTAB array: Auto-set. (line 269) * syntactic ambiguity: /= operator vs. /=.../ regexp constant: Assignment Ops. (line 148) * system: I/O Functions. (line 75) @@ -33804,7 +33849,7 @@ Index (line 37) * troubleshooting, awk uses FS not IFS: Field Separators. (line 30) * troubleshooting, backslash before nonspecial character: Escape Sequences. - (line 118) + (line 120) * troubleshooting, division: Arithmetic Ops. (line 44) * troubleshooting, fatal errors, field widths, specifying: Constant Size. (line 23) @@ -33860,7 +33905,7 @@ Index * uniq.awk program: Uniq Program. (line 65) * Unix: Glossary. (line 611) * Unix awk, backslashes in escape sequences: Escape Sequences. - (line 130) + (line 132) * Unix awk, close() function and: Close Files And Pipes. (line 131) * Unix awk, password files, field separators and: Command Line Field Separator. @@ -33915,10 +33960,10 @@ Index * variables, uninitialized, as array subscripts: Uninitialized Subscripts. (line 6) * variables, user-defined: Variables. (line 6) -* version of gawk: Auto-set. (line 199) -* version of gawk extension API: Auto-set. (line 224) -* version of GNU MP library: Auto-set. (line 210) -* version of GNU MPFR library: Auto-set. (line 206) +* version of gawk: Auto-set. (line 207) +* version of gawk extension API: Auto-set. (line 232) +* version of GNU MP library: Auto-set. (line 218) +* version of GNU MPFR library: Auto-set. (line 214) * vertical bar (|): Regexp Operators. (line 70) * vertical bar (|), | operator (I/O) <1>: Precedence. (line 65) * vertical bar (|), | operator (I/O): Getline/Pipe. (line 9) @@ -33952,7 +33997,7 @@ Index * whitespace, as field separators: Default Field Splitting. (line 6) * whitespace, functions, calling: Calling Built-in. (line 10) -* whitespace, newlines as: Options. (line 260) +* whitespace, newlines as: Options. (line 258) * Williams, Kent: Contributors. (line 34) * Woehlke, Matthew: Contributors. (line 79) * Woods, John: Contributors. (line 27) @@ -34044,513 +34089,513 @@ Node: Intro Summary110068 Node: Invoking Gawk110951 Node: Command Line112466 Node: Options113257 -Ref: Options-Footnote-1129033 -Node: Other Arguments129058 -Node: Naming Standard Input131886 -Node: Environment Variables132979 -Node: AWKPATH Variable133537 -Ref: AWKPATH Variable-Footnote-1136403 -Ref: AWKPATH Variable-Footnote-2136448 -Node: AWKLIBPATH Variable136708 -Node: Other Environment Variables137467 -Node: Exit Status141124 -Node: Include Files141799 -Node: Loading Shared Libraries145377 -Node: Obsolete146761 -Node: Undocumented147458 -Node: Invoking Summary147725 -Node: Regexp149325 -Node: Regexp Usage150784 -Node: Escape Sequences152817 -Node: Regexp Operators158805 -Ref: Regexp Operators-Footnote-1166236 -Ref: Regexp Operators-Footnote-2166383 -Node: Bracket Expressions166481 -Ref: table-char-classes168499 -Node: Leftmost Longest171439 -Node: Computed Regexps172643 -Node: GNU Regexp Operators176021 -Node: Case-sensitivity179727 -Ref: 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Timeout257056 +Ref: Read Timeout-Footnote-1260883 +Node: Command-line directories260941 +Node: Input Summary261845 +Node: Input Exercises264982 +Node: Printing265710 +Node: Print267432 +Node: Print Examples268925 +Node: Output Separators271704 +Node: OFMT273720 +Node: Printf275078 +Node: Basic Printf275984 +Node: Control Letters277523 +Node: Format Modifiers281514 +Node: Printf Examples287541 +Node: Redirection290005 +Node: Special Files296977 +Node: Special FD297510 +Ref: Special FD-Footnote-1301107 +Node: Special Network301181 +Node: Special Caveats302031 +Node: Close Files And Pipes302827 +Ref: Close Files And Pipes-Footnote-1309988 +Ref: Close Files And Pipes-Footnote-2310136 +Node: Output Summary310286 +Node: Output Exercises311283 +Node: Expressions311963 +Node: Values313148 +Node: Constants313824 +Node: Scalar Constants314504 +Ref: Scalar Constants-Footnote-1315363 +Node: Nondecimal-numbers315613 +Node: Regexp Constants318613 +Node: Using Constant Regexps319138 +Node: Variables322210 +Node: Using Variables322865 +Node: Assignment Options324589 +Node: Conversion326464 +Node: Strings And Numbers326988 +Ref: Strings And Numbers-Footnote-1330050 +Node: Locale influences conversions330159 +Ref: table-locale-affects332876 +Node: All Operators333464 +Node: Arithmetic Ops334094 +Node: Concatenation336599 +Ref: Concatenation-Footnote-1339418 +Node: Assignment Ops339524 +Ref: table-assign-ops344507 +Node: Increment Ops345810 +Node: Truth Values and Conditions349248 +Node: Truth Values350331 +Node: Typing and Comparison351380 +Node: Variable Typing352173 +Node: Comparison Operators355825 +Ref: table-relational-ops356235 +Node: POSIX String Comparison359785 +Ref: POSIX String Comparison-Footnote-1360869 +Node: Boolean Ops361007 +Ref: Boolean Ops-Footnote-1365346 +Node: Conditional Exp365437 +Node: Function Calls367164 +Node: Precedence371044 +Node: Locales374713 +Node: Expressions Summary376344 +Node: Patterns and Actions378885 +Node: Pattern Overview380001 +Node: Regexp Patterns381678 +Node: Expression Patterns382221 +Node: Ranges386001 +Node: BEGIN/END389107 +Node: Using BEGIN/END389869 +Ref: Using BEGIN/END-Footnote-1392605 +Node: I/O And BEGIN/END392711 +Node: BEGINFILE/ENDFILE394982 +Node: Empty397913 +Node: Using Shell Variables398230 +Node: Action Overview400513 +Node: Statements402840 +Node: If Statement404688 +Node: While Statement406186 +Node: Do Statement408230 +Node: For Statement409386 +Node: Switch Statement412538 +Node: Break Statement414926 +Node: Continue Statement416967 +Node: Next Statement418792 +Node: Nextfile Statement421182 +Node: Exit Statement423839 +Node: Built-in Variables426243 +Node: User-modified427370 +Ref: User-modified-Footnote-1435059 +Node: Auto-set435121 +Ref: Auto-set-Footnote-1448040 +Ref: Auto-set-Footnote-2448245 +Node: ARGC and ARGV448301 +Node: Pattern Action Summary452205 +Node: Arrays454428 +Node: Array Basics455977 +Node: Array Intro456803 +Ref: figure-array-elements458776 +Ref: Array Intro-Footnote-1461300 +Node: Reference to Elements461428 +Node: Assigning Elements463878 +Node: Array Example464369 +Node: Scanning an Array466101 +Node: Controlling Scanning469102 +Ref: Controlling Scanning-Footnote-1474275 +Node: Delete474591 +Ref: Delete-Footnote-1477342 +Node: Numeric Array Subscripts477399 +Node: Uninitialized Subscripts479582 +Node: Multidimensional481209 +Node: Multiscanning484322 +Node: Arrays of Arrays485911 +Node: Arrays Summary490574 +Node: Functions492679 +Node: Built-in493552 +Node: Calling Built-in494630 +Node: Numeric Functions496618 +Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-1501454 +Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-2501811 +Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-3501859 +Node: String Functions502128 +Ref: String Functions-Footnote-1525125 +Ref: String Functions-Footnote-2525254 +Ref: String Functions-Footnote-3525502 +Node: Gory Details525589 +Ref: table-sub-escapes527362 +Ref: table-sub-proposed528882 +Ref: table-posix-sub530246 +Ref: table-gensub-escapes531786 +Ref: Gory Details-Footnote-1532962 +Node: I/O Functions533113 +Ref: I/O Functions-Footnote-1540223 +Node: Time Functions540370 +Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-1550834 +Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-2550902 +Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-3551060 +Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-4551171 +Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-5551283 +Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-6551510 +Node: Bitwise Functions551776 +Ref: table-bitwise-ops552338 +Ref: Bitwise Functions-Footnote-1556583 +Node: Type Functions556767 +Node: I18N Functions557909 +Node: User-defined559554 +Node: Definition Syntax560358 +Ref: Definition Syntax-Footnote-1565671 +Node: Function Example565740 +Ref: Function Example-Footnote-1568380 +Node: Function Caveats568402 +Node: Calling A Function568920 +Node: Variable Scope569875 +Node: Pass By Value/Reference572863 +Node: Return Statement576373 +Node: Dynamic Typing579357 +Node: Indirect Calls580286 +Node: Functions Summary589999 +Node: Library Functions592538 +Ref: Library Functions-Footnote-1596156 +Ref: Library Functions-Footnote-2596299 +Node: Library Names596470 +Ref: Library Names-Footnote-1599943 +Ref: Library Names-Footnote-2600163 +Node: General Functions600249 +Node: Strtonum Function601277 +Node: Assert Function604151 +Node: Round Function607477 +Node: Cliff Random Function609018 +Node: Ordinal Functions610034 +Ref: Ordinal Functions-Footnote-1613099 +Ref: Ordinal Functions-Footnote-2613351 +Node: Join Function613562 +Ref: Join Function-Footnote-1615333 +Node: Getlocaltime Function615533 +Node: Readfile Function619269 +Ref: Readfile Function-Footnote-1621147 +Node: Data File Management621375 +Node: Filetrans Function622007 +Node: Rewind Function626076 +Node: File Checking627634 +Ref: File Checking-Footnote-1628766 +Node: Empty Files628967 +Node: Ignoring Assigns630946 +Node: Getopt Function632500 +Ref: Getopt Function-Footnote-1643764 +Node: Passwd Functions643967 +Ref: Passwd Functions-Footnote-1652946 +Node: Group Functions653034 +Ref: Group Functions-Footnote-1660965 +Node: Walking Arrays661178 +Node: Library Functions Summary662781 +Node: Library Exercises664169 +Node: Sample Programs665449 +Node: Running Examples666219 +Node: Clones666947 +Node: Cut Program668171 +Node: Egrep Program678029 +Ref: Egrep Program-Footnote-1685616 +Node: Id Program685726 +Node: Split Program689380 +Ref: Split Program-Footnote-1692918 +Node: Tee Program693046 +Node: Uniq Program695833 +Node: Wc Program703254 +Ref: Wc Program-Footnote-1707519 +Node: Miscellaneous Programs707611 +Node: Dupword Program708824 +Node: Alarm Program710855 +Node: Translate Program715659 +Ref: Translate Program-Footnote-1720050 +Ref: Translate Program-Footnote-2720320 +Node: Labels Program720454 +Ref: Labels Program-Footnote-1723815 +Node: Word Sorting723899 +Node: History Sorting727942 +Node: Extract Program729778 +Node: Simple Sed737314 +Node: Igawk Program740376 +Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-1754680 +Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-2754881 +Node: Anagram Program755019 +Node: Signature Program758087 +Node: Programs Summary759334 +Node: Programs Exercises760549 +Node: Advanced Features764200 +Node: Nondecimal Data766148 +Node: Array Sorting767725 +Node: Controlling Array Traversal768422 +Node: Array Sorting Functions776702 +Ref: Array Sorting Functions-Footnote-1780609 +Node: Two-way I/O780803 +Ref: Two-way I/O-Footnote-1785747 +Ref: Two-way I/O-Footnote-2785926 +Node: TCP/IP Networking786008 +Node: Profiling788853 +Node: Advanced Features Summary796404 +Node: Internationalization798268 +Node: I18N and L10N799748 +Node: Explaining gettext800434 +Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-1805460 +Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-2805644 +Node: Programmer i18n805809 +Ref: Programmer i18n-Footnote-1810603 +Node: Translator i18n810652 +Node: String Extraction811446 +Ref: String Extraction-Footnote-1812579 +Node: Printf Ordering812665 +Ref: Printf Ordering-Footnote-1815447 +Node: I18N Portability815511 +Ref: I18N Portability-Footnote-1817960 +Node: I18N Example818023 +Ref: I18N Example-Footnote-1820729 +Node: Gawk I18N820801 +Node: I18N Summary821439 +Node: Debugger822778 +Node: Debugging823800 +Node: Debugging Concepts824241 +Node: Debugging Terms826097 +Node: Awk Debugging828694 +Node: Sample Debugging Session829586 +Node: Debugger Invocation830106 +Node: Finding The Bug831439 +Node: List of Debugger Commands837921 +Node: Breakpoint Control839253 +Node: Debugger Execution Control842917 +Node: Viewing And Changing Data846277 +Node: Execution Stack849635 +Node: Debugger Info851148 +Node: Miscellaneous Debugger Commands855142 +Node: Readline Support860326 +Node: Limitations861218 +Node: Debugging Summary863492 +Node: Arbitrary Precision Arithmetic864660 +Node: Computer Arithmetic866147 +Ref: Computer Arithmetic-Footnote-1870534 +Node: Math Definitions870591 +Ref: table-ieee-formats873880 +Ref: Math Definitions-Footnote-1874420 +Node: MPFR features874523 +Node: FP Math Caution876140 +Ref: FP Math Caution-Footnote-1877190 +Node: Inexactness of computations877559 +Node: Inexact representation878507 +Node: Comparing FP Values879862 +Node: Errors accumulate880826 +Node: Getting Accuracy882259 +Node: Try To Round884918 +Node: Setting precision885817 +Ref: table-predefined-precision-strings886499 +Node: Setting the rounding mode888292 +Ref: table-gawk-rounding-modes888656 +Ref: Setting the rounding mode-Footnote-1892110 +Node: Arbitrary Precision Integers892289 +Ref: Arbitrary Precision Integers-Footnote-1896062 +Node: POSIX Floating Point Problems896211 +Ref: POSIX Floating Point Problems-Footnote-1900087 +Node: Floating point summary900125 +Node: Dynamic Extensions902329 +Node: Extension Intro903881 +Node: Plugin License905146 +Node: Extension Mechanism Outline905831 +Ref: figure-load-extension906255 +Ref: figure-load-new-function907740 +Ref: figure-call-new-function908742 +Node: Extension API Description910726 +Node: Extension API Functions Introduction912176 +Node: General Data Types917043 +Ref: General Data Types-Footnote-1922736 +Node: Requesting Values923035 +Ref: table-value-types-returned923772 +Node: Memory Allocation Functions924730 +Ref: Memory Allocation Functions-Footnote-1927477 +Node: Constructor Functions927573 +Node: Registration Functions929331 +Node: Extension Functions930016 +Node: Exit Callback Functions932318 +Node: Extension Version String933566 +Node: Input Parsers934216 +Node: Output Wrappers944030 +Node: Two-way processors948546 +Node: Printing Messages950750 +Ref: Printing Messages-Footnote-1951827 +Node: Updating `ERRNO'951979 +Node: Accessing Parameters952718 +Node: Symbol Table Access953948 +Node: Symbol table by name954462 +Node: Symbol table by cookie956438 +Ref: Symbol table by cookie-Footnote-1960571 +Node: Cached values960634 +Ref: Cached values-Footnote-1964138 +Node: Array Manipulation964229 +Ref: Array Manipulation-Footnote-1965327 +Node: Array Data Types965366 +Ref: Array Data Types-Footnote-1968069 +Node: Array Functions968161 +Node: Flattening Arrays972035 +Node: Creating Arrays978887 +Node: Extension API Variables983618 +Node: Extension Versioning984254 +Node: Extension API Informational Variables986155 +Node: Extension API Boilerplate987241 +Node: Finding Extensions991045 +Node: Extension Example991605 +Node: Internal File Description992335 +Node: Internal File Ops996426 +Ref: Internal File Ops-Footnote-11007858 +Node: Using Internal File Ops1007998 +Ref: Using Internal File Ops-Footnote-11010345 +Node: Extension Samples1010613 +Node: Extension Sample File Functions1012137 +Node: Extension Sample Fnmatch1019705 +Node: Extension Sample Fork1021187 +Node: Extension Sample Inplace1022400 +Node: Extension Sample Ord1024075 +Node: Extension Sample Readdir1024911 +Ref: table-readdir-file-types1025767 +Node: Extension Sample Revout1026566 +Node: Extension Sample Rev2way1027157 +Node: Extension Sample Read write array1027898 +Node: Extension Sample Readfile1029777 +Node: Extension Sample API Tests1030877 +Node: Extension Sample Time1031402 +Node: gawkextlib1032717 +Node: Extension summary1035530 +Node: Extension Exercises1039223 +Node: Language History1039945 +Node: V7/SVR3.11041588 +Node: SVR41043908 +Node: POSIX1045350 +Node: BTL1046736 +Node: POSIX/GNU1047470 +Node: Feature History1053246 +Node: Common Extensions1066337 +Node: Ranges and Locales1067649 +Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-11072266 +Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-21072293 +Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-31072527 +Node: Contributors1072748 +Node: History summary1078173 +Node: Installation1079542 +Node: Gawk Distribution1080493 +Node: Getting1080977 +Node: Extracting1081801 +Node: Distribution contents1083443 +Node: Unix Installation1089213 +Node: Quick Installation1089830 +Node: Additional Configuration Options1092272 +Node: Configuration Philosophy1094010 +Node: Non-Unix Installation1096361 +Node: PC Installation1096819 +Node: PC Binary Installation1098130 +Node: PC Compiling1099978 +Ref: PC Compiling-Footnote-11102977 +Node: PC Testing1103082 +Node: PC Using1104258 +Node: Cygwin1108410 +Node: MSYS1109219 +Node: VMS Installation1109733 +Node: VMS Compilation1110529 +Ref: VMS Compilation-Footnote-11111751 +Node: VMS Dynamic Extensions1111809 +Node: VMS Installation Details1113182 +Node: VMS Running1115434 +Node: VMS GNV1118268 +Node: VMS Old Gawk1118991 +Node: Bugs1119461 +Node: Other Versions1123465 +Node: Installation summary1129692 +Node: Notes1130748 +Node: Compatibility Mode1131613 +Node: Additions1132395 +Node: Accessing The Source1133320 +Node: Adding Code1134756 +Node: New Ports1140934 +Node: Derived Files1145415 +Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-11150496 +Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-21150530 +Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-31151126 +Node: Future Extensions1151240 +Node: Implementation Limitations1151846 +Node: Extension Design1153094 +Node: Old Extension Problems1154248 +Ref: Old Extension Problems-Footnote-11155765 +Node: Extension New Mechanism Goals1155822 +Ref: Extension New Mechanism Goals-Footnote-11159182 +Node: Extension Other Design Decisions1159371 +Node: Extension Future Growth1161477 +Node: Old Extension Mechanism1162313 +Node: Notes summary1164075 +Node: Basic Concepts1165261 +Node: Basic High Level1165942 +Ref: figure-general-flow1166214 +Ref: figure-process-flow1166813 +Ref: Basic High Level-Footnote-11170042 +Node: Basic Data Typing1170227 +Node: Glossary1173555 +Node: Copying1198707 +Node: GNU Free Documentation License1236263 +Node: Index1261399 End Tag Table diff --git a/doc/gawk.texi b/doc/gawk.texi index 53b159f1..74dd35f8 100644 --- a/doc/gawk.texi +++ b/doc/gawk.texi @@ -3899,10 +3899,8 @@ No space is allowed between the @option{-o} and @var{file}, if @var{file} is supplied. @quotation NOTE -Due to the way @command{gawk} has evolved, with this option -your program is still executed. This will change in the -next major release such that @command{gawk} will only -pretty-print the program and not run it. +In the past, this option would also execute your program. +This is no longer the case. @end quotation @item @option{-O} @@ -4393,11 +4391,6 @@ two regexp matchers that @command{gawk} uses internally. (There aren't supposed to be differences, but occasionally theory and practice don't coordinate with each other.) -@item GAWK_NO_PP_RUN -If this variable exists, then when invoked with the @option{--pretty-print} -option, @command{gawk} skips running the program. This variable will -not survive into the next major release. - @item GAWK_STACKSIZE This specifies the amount by which @command{gawk} should grow its internal evaluation stack, when needed. @@ -4971,17 +4964,18 @@ between @samp{0} and @samp{7}. For example, the code for the ASCII ESC @item \x@var{hh}@dots{} The hexadecimal value @var{hh}, where @var{hh} stands for a sequence of hexadecimal digits (@samp{0}--@samp{9}, and either @samp{A}--@samp{F} -or @samp{a}--@samp{f}). Like the same construct -in ISO C, the escape sequence continues until the first nonhexadecimal -digit is seen. @value{COMMONEXT} -However, using more than two hexadecimal digits produces -undefined results. (The @samp{\x} escape sequence is not allowed in -POSIX @command{awk}.) +or @samp{a}--@samp{f}). A maximum of two digts are allowed after +the @samp{\x}. Any further hexadecimal digits are treated as simple +letters or numbers. @value{COMMONEXT} @quotation CAUTION -The next major relase of @command{gawk} will change, such -that a maximum of two hexadecimal digits following the -@samp{\x} will be used. +In ISO C, the escape sequence continues until the first nonhexadecimal +digit is seen. +@c FIXME: Add exact version here. +For many years, @command{gawk} would continue incorporating +hexadecimal digits into the value until a non-hexadecimal digit +or the end of the string was encountered. +However, using more than two hexadecimal digits produces @end quotation @cindex @code{\} (backslash), @code{\/} escape sequence @@ -14624,10 +14618,18 @@ next file is opened. An associative array containing the values of the environment. The array indices are the environment variable names; the elements are the values of the particular environment variables. For example, -@code{ENVIRON["HOME"]} might be @code{"/home/arnold"}. Changing this array -does not affect the environment passed on to any programs that -@command{awk} may spawn via redirection or the @code{system()} function. -(In a future version of @command{gawk}, it may do so.) +@code{ENVIRON["HOME"]} might be @code{/home/arnold}. + +For POSIX @command{awk}, changing this array does not affect the +environment passed on to any programs that @command{awk} may spawn via +redirection or the @code{system()} function. + +However, beginning with version 4.2, if not in POSIX +compatibility mode, @command{gawk} does update its own environment when +@code{ENVIRON} is changed, thus changing the environment seen by programs +that it creates. You should therefore be especially careful if you +modify @code{ENVIRON["PATH"]"}, which is the search path for finding +executable programs. Some operating systems may not have environment variables. On such systems, the @code{ENVIRON} array is empty (except for @@ -16722,6 +16724,23 @@ You can use @samp{pi = atan2(0, -1)} to retrieve the value of @cindex cosine Return the cosine of @var{x}, with @var{x} in radians. +@item @code{div(@var{numerator}, @var{denominator}, @var{result})} +@cindexawkfunc{div} +@cindex div +Perform integer division, similar to the standard C function of the +same name. First, truncate @code{numerator} and @code{denominator} +towards zero, creating integer values. Clear the @code{result} +array, and then set @code{result["quotient"]} to the result of +@samp{numerator / denominator}, truncated towards zero to an integer, +and set @code{result["remainder"]} to the result of @samp{numerator % +denominator}, truncated towards zero to an integer. This function is +primarily intended for use with arbitrary length integers; it avoids +creating MPFR arbitrary precision floating-point values (@pxref{Arbitrary +Precision Integers}). + +This function is a @code{gawk} extension. It is not available in +compatibility mode (@pxref{Options}). + @item @code{exp(@var{x})} @cindexawkfunc{exp} @cindex exponent @@ -27582,8 +27601,8 @@ When called this way, @command{gawk} ``pretty prints'' the program into @file{awkprof.out}, without any execution counts. @quotation NOTE -The @option{--pretty-print} option still runs your program. -This will change in the next major release. +Once upon a time, the @option{--pretty-print} option would also run +your program. This is is no longer the case. @end quotation @c ENDOFRANGE awkp @c ENDOFRANGE proawk @@ -30624,6 +30643,45 @@ to just use the following: gawk -M 'BEGIN @{ n = 13; print n % 2 @}' @end example +When dividing two arbitrary precision integers with either +@samp{/} or @samp{%}, the result is typically an arbitrary +precision floating point value (unless the denominator evenly +divides into the numerator). In order to do integer division +or remainder with arbitrary precision integers, use the built-in +@code{div()} function (@pxref{Numeric Functions}). + +You can simulate the @code{div()} function in standard @command{awk} +using this user-defined function: + +@example +@c file eg/lib/div.awk +# div --- do integer division + +@c endfile +@ignore +@c file eg/lib/div.awk +# +# Arnold Robbins, arnold@@skeeve.com, Public Domain +# July, 2014 + +@c endfile + +@end ignore +@c file eg/lib/div.awk +function div(numerator, denominator, result, i) +@{ + split("", result) + + numerator = int(numerator) + denominator = int(denominator) + result["quotient"] = int(numerator / denominator) + result["remainder"] = int(numerator % denominator) + + return 0.0 +@} +@c endfile +@end example + @node POSIX Floating Point Problems @section Standards Versus Existing Practice @@ -35447,6 +35505,10 @@ and the documentation for @command{gawk} @value{PVERSION} 4.1: Ultrix @end itemize +@item +@c FIXME: Verify the version here. +Support for MirBSD was removed at @command{gawk} @value{PVERSION} 4.2. + @end itemize @c XXX ADD MORE STUFF HERE @@ -36728,6 +36790,8 @@ The generated Info file for The @command{troff} source for a manual page describing the @command{igawk} program presented in @ref{Igawk Program}. +(Since @command{gawk} can do its own @code{@@include} processing, +neither @command{igawk} nor @file{igawk.1} are installed.) @item doc/Makefile.in The input file used during the configuration process to generate the @@ -36772,8 +36836,6 @@ source file for this @value{DOCUMENT}. It also contains a @file{Makefile.in} fil @file{Makefile.am} is used by GNU Automake to create @file{Makefile.in}. The library functions from @ref{Library Functions}, -and the @command{igawk} program from -@ref{Igawk Program}, are included as ready-to-use files in the @command{gawk} distribution. They are installed as part of the installation process. The rest of the programs in this @value{DOCUMENT} are available in appropriate @@ -37819,9 +37881,10 @@ mail at the Internet address noted previously. If you find bugs in one of the non-Unix ports of @command{gawk}, please send an electronic mail message to the person who maintains that port. They -are named in the following list, as well as in the @file{README} file in the @command{gawk} -distribution. Information in the @file{README} file should be considered -authoritative if it conflicts with this @value{DOCUMENT}. +are named in the following list, as well as in the @file{README} file +in the @command{gawk} distribution. Information in the @file{README} +file should be considered authoritative if it conflicts with this +@value{DOCUMENT}. The people maintaining the non-Unix ports of @command{gawk} are as follows: @@ -37849,7 +37912,8 @@ John Malmberg, @EMAIL{wb8tyw@@qsl.net,wb8tyw at qsl.net}. @end multitable If your bug is also reproducible under Unix, please send a copy of your -report to the @EMAIL{bug-gawk@@gnu.org,bug-gawk at gnu dot org} email list as well. +report to the @EMAIL{bug-gawk@@gnu.org,bug-gawk at gnu dot org} email +list as well. @c ENDOFRANGE dbugg @c ENDOFRANGE tblgawb diff --git a/doc/gawktexi.in b/doc/gawktexi.in index d9846cbe..8091e16c 100644 --- a/doc/gawktexi.in +++ b/doc/gawktexi.in @@ -3810,10 +3810,8 @@ No space is allowed between the @option{-o} and @var{file}, if @var{file} is supplied. @quotation NOTE -Due to the way @command{gawk} has evolved, with this option -your program is still executed. This will change in the -next major release such that @command{gawk} will only -pretty-print the program and not run it. +In the past, this option would also execute your program. +This is no longer the case. @end quotation @item @option{-O} @@ -4304,11 +4302,6 @@ two regexp matchers that @command{gawk} uses internally. (There aren't supposed to be differences, but occasionally theory and practice don't coordinate with each other.) -@item GAWK_NO_PP_RUN -If this variable exists, then when invoked with the @option{--pretty-print} -option, @command{gawk} skips running the program. This variable will -not survive into the next major release. - @item GAWK_STACKSIZE This specifies the amount by which @command{gawk} should grow its internal evaluation stack, when needed. @@ -4882,17 +4875,18 @@ between @samp{0} and @samp{7}. For example, the code for the ASCII ESC @item \x@var{hh}@dots{} The hexadecimal value @var{hh}, where @var{hh} stands for a sequence of hexadecimal digits (@samp{0}--@samp{9}, and either @samp{A}--@samp{F} -or @samp{a}--@samp{f}). Like the same construct -in ISO C, the escape sequence continues until the first nonhexadecimal -digit is seen. @value{COMMONEXT} -However, using more than two hexadecimal digits produces -undefined results. (The @samp{\x} escape sequence is not allowed in -POSIX @command{awk}.) +or @samp{a}--@samp{f}). A maximum of two digts are allowed after +the @samp{\x}. Any further hexadecimal digits are treated as simple +letters or numbers. @value{COMMONEXT} @quotation CAUTION -The next major relase of @command{gawk} will change, such -that a maximum of two hexadecimal digits following the -@samp{\x} will be used. +In ISO C, the escape sequence continues until the first nonhexadecimal +digit is seen. +@c FIXME: Add exact version here. +For many years, @command{gawk} would continue incorporating +hexadecimal digits into the value until a non-hexadecimal digit +or the end of the string was encountered. +However, using more than two hexadecimal digits produces @end quotation @cindex @code{\} (backslash), @code{\/} escape sequence @@ -13958,10 +13952,18 @@ next file is opened. An associative array containing the values of the environment. The array indices are the environment variable names; the elements are the values of the particular environment variables. For example, -@code{ENVIRON["HOME"]} might be @code{"/home/arnold"}. Changing this array -does not affect the environment passed on to any programs that -@command{awk} may spawn via redirection or the @code{system()} function. -(In a future version of @command{gawk}, it may do so.) +@code{ENVIRON["HOME"]} might be @code{/home/arnold}. + +For POSIX @command{awk}, changing this array does not affect the +environment passed on to any programs that @command{awk} may spawn via +redirection or the @code{system()} function. + +However, beginning with version 4.2, if not in POSIX +compatibility mode, @command{gawk} does update its own environment when +@code{ENVIRON} is changed, thus changing the environment seen by programs +that it creates. You should therefore be especially careful if you +modify @code{ENVIRON["PATH"]"}, which is the search path for finding +executable programs. Some operating systems may not have environment variables. On such systems, the @code{ENVIRON} array is empty (except for @@ -16010,6 +16012,23 @@ You can use @samp{pi = atan2(0, -1)} to retrieve the value of @cindex cosine Return the cosine of @var{x}, with @var{x} in radians. +@item @code{div(@var{numerator}, @var{denominator}, @var{result})} +@cindexawkfunc{div} +@cindex div +Perform integer division, similar to the standard C function of the +same name. First, truncate @code{numerator} and @code{denominator} +towards zero, creating integer values. Clear the @code{result} +array, and then set @code{result["quotient"]} to the result of +@samp{numerator / denominator}, truncated towards zero to an integer, +and set @code{result["remainder"]} to the result of @samp{numerator % +denominator}, truncated towards zero to an integer. This function is +primarily intended for use with arbitrary length integers; it avoids +creating MPFR arbitrary precision floating-point values (@pxref{Arbitrary +Precision Integers}). + +This function is a @code{gawk} extension. It is not available in +compatibility mode (@pxref{Options}). + @item @code{exp(@var{x})} @cindexawkfunc{exp} @cindex exponent @@ -26680,8 +26699,8 @@ When called this way, @command{gawk} ``pretty prints'' the program into @file{awkprof.out}, without any execution counts. @quotation NOTE -The @option{--pretty-print} option still runs your program. -This will change in the next major release. +Once upon a time, the @option{--pretty-print} option would also run +your program. This is is no longer the case. @end quotation @c ENDOFRANGE awkp @c ENDOFRANGE proawk @@ -29722,6 +29741,45 @@ to just use the following: gawk -M 'BEGIN @{ n = 13; print n % 2 @}' @end example +When dividing two arbitrary precision integers with either +@samp{/} or @samp{%}, the result is typically an arbitrary +precision floating point value (unless the denominator evenly +divides into the numerator). In order to do integer division +or remainder with arbitrary precision integers, use the built-in +@code{div()} function (@pxref{Numeric Functions}). + +You can simulate the @code{div()} function in standard @command{awk} +using this user-defined function: + +@example +@c file eg/lib/div.awk +# div --- do integer division + +@c endfile +@ignore +@c file eg/lib/div.awk +# +# Arnold Robbins, arnold@@skeeve.com, Public Domain +# July, 2014 + +@c endfile + +@end ignore +@c file eg/lib/div.awk +function div(numerator, denominator, result, i) +@{ + split("", result) + + numerator = int(numerator) + denominator = int(denominator) + result["quotient"] = int(numerator / denominator) + result["remainder"] = int(numerator % denominator) + + return 0.0 +@} +@c endfile +@end example + @node POSIX Floating Point Problems @section Standards Versus Existing Practice @@ -34545,6 +34603,10 @@ and the documentation for @command{gawk} @value{PVERSION} 4.1: Ultrix @end itemize +@item +@c FIXME: Verify the version here. +Support for MirBSD was removed at @command{gawk} @value{PVERSION} 4.2. + @end itemize @c XXX ADD MORE STUFF HERE @@ -35826,6 +35888,8 @@ The generated Info file for The @command{troff} source for a manual page describing the @command{igawk} program presented in @ref{Igawk Program}. +(Since @command{gawk} can do its own @code{@@include} processing, +neither @command{igawk} nor @file{igawk.1} are installed.) @item doc/Makefile.in The input file used during the configuration process to generate the @@ -35870,8 +35934,6 @@ source file for this @value{DOCUMENT}. It also contains a @file{Makefile.in} fil @file{Makefile.am} is used by GNU Automake to create @file{Makefile.in}. The library functions from @ref{Library Functions}, -and the @command{igawk} program from -@ref{Igawk Program}, are included as ready-to-use files in the @command{gawk} distribution. They are installed as part of the installation process. The rest of the programs in this @value{DOCUMENT} are available in appropriate @@ -36917,9 +36979,10 @@ mail at the Internet address noted previously. If you find bugs in one of the non-Unix ports of @command{gawk}, please send an electronic mail message to the person who maintains that port. They -are named in the following list, as well as in the @file{README} file in the @command{gawk} -distribution. Information in the @file{README} file should be considered -authoritative if it conflicts with this @value{DOCUMENT}. +are named in the following list, as well as in the @file{README} file +in the @command{gawk} distribution. Information in the @file{README} +file should be considered authoritative if it conflicts with this +@value{DOCUMENT}. The people maintaining the non-Unix ports of @command{gawk} are as follows: @@ -36947,7 +37010,8 @@ John Malmberg, @EMAIL{wb8tyw@@qsl.net,wb8tyw at qsl.net}. @end multitable If your bug is also reproducible under Unix, please send a copy of your -report to the @EMAIL{bug-gawk@@gnu.org,bug-gawk at gnu dot org} email list as well. +report to the @EMAIL{bug-gawk@@gnu.org,bug-gawk at gnu dot org} email +list as well. @c ENDOFRANGE dbugg @c ENDOFRANGE tblgawb |