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Diffstat (limited to 'doc/gawk.info')
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/gawk.info | 708 |
1 files changed, 373 insertions, 335 deletions
diff --git a/doc/gawk.info b/doc/gawk.info index 8326cf82..e7854caf 100644 --- a/doc/gawk.info +++ b/doc/gawk.info @@ -11680,6 +11680,20 @@ brackets ([ ]): `cos(X)' Return the cosine of X, with X in radians. +`div(NUMERATOR, DENOMINATOR, RESULT)' + Perform integer division, similar to the standard C function of the + same name. First, truncate `numerator' and `denominator' to + integers. Clear the `result' array, and then set + `result["quotient"]' to the result of `numerator / denominator', + truncated to an integer, and set `result["remainder"]' to the + result of `numerator % denominator', truncated to an integer. + This function is primarily intended for use with arbitrary length + integers; it avoids creating MPFR arbitrary precision + floating-point values (*note Arbitrary Precision Integers::). + + This function is a `gawk' extension. It is not available in + compatibility mode (*note Options::). + `exp(X)' Return the exponential of X (`e ^ X') or report an error if X is out of range. The range of values X can have depends on your @@ -22082,6 +22096,29 @@ just use the following: gawk -M 'BEGIN { n = 13; print n % 2 }' + When dividing two arbitrary precision integers with either `/' or +`%', the result is typically an arbitrary precision floating point +value (unless the denominator evenly divides into the numerator). In +order to do integer division or remainder with arbitrary precision +integers, use the built-in `div()' function (*note Numeric Functions::). + + You can simulate the `div()' function in standard `awk' using this +user-defined function: + + # div --- do integer division + + function div(numerator, denominator, result, i) + { + split("", result) + + numerator = int(numerator) + denominator = int(denominator) + result["quotient"] = int(numerator / denominator) + result["remainder"] = int(numerator % denominator) + + return 0.0 + } + ---------- Footnotes ---------- (1) Weisstein, Eric W. `Sylvester's Sequence'. From MathWorld--A @@ -32005,6 +32042,7 @@ Index * display debugger command: Viewing And Changing Data. (line 8) * display debugger options: Debugger Info. (line 57) +* div: Numeric Functions. (line 18) * division: Arithmetic Ops. (line 44) * do-while statement: Do Statement. (line 6) * do-while statement, use of regexps in: Regexp Usage. (line 19) @@ -32125,10 +32163,10 @@ Index * exit status, of VMS: VMS Running. (line 29) * exit the debugger: Miscellaneous Debugger Commands. (line 99) -* exp: Numeric Functions. (line 18) +* exp: Numeric Functions. (line 32) * expand utility: Very Simple. (line 69) * Expat XML parser library: gawkextlib. (line 35) -* exponent: Numeric Functions. (line 18) +* exponent: Numeric Functions. (line 32) * expressions: Expressions. (line 6) * expressions, as patterns: Expression Patterns. (line 6) * expressions, assignment: Assignment Ops. (line 6) @@ -32664,7 +32702,7 @@ Index * installation, VMS: VMS Installation. (line 6) * installing gawk: Installation. (line 6) * instruction tracing, in debugger: Debugger Info. (line 89) -* int: Numeric Functions. (line 23) +* int: Numeric Functions. (line 37) * INT signal (MS-Windows): Profiling. (line 214) * integer array indices: Numeric Array Subscripts. (line 31) @@ -32813,9 +32851,9 @@ Index * localization: I18N and L10N. (line 6) * localization, See internationalization, localization: I18N and L10N. (line 6) -* log: Numeric Functions. (line 30) +* log: Numeric Functions. (line 44) * log files, timestamps in: Time Functions. (line 6) -* logarithm: Numeric Functions. (line 30) +* logarithm: Numeric Functions. (line 44) * logical false/true: Truth Values. (line 6) * logical operators, See Boolean expressions: Boolean Ops. (line 6) * login information: Passwd Functions. (line 16) @@ -33272,12 +33310,12 @@ Index * Rakitzis, Byron: History Sorting. (line 25) * Ramey, Chet <1>: General Data Types. (line 6) * Ramey, Chet: Acknowledgments. (line 60) -* rand: Numeric Functions. (line 34) +* rand: Numeric Functions. (line 48) * random numbers, Cliff: Cliff Random Function. (line 6) * random numbers, rand()/srand() functions: Numeric Functions. - (line 34) -* random numbers, seed of: Numeric Functions. (line 64) + (line 48) +* random numbers, seed of: Numeric Functions. (line 78) * range expressions (regexps): Bracket Expressions. (line 6) * range patterns: Ranges. (line 6) * range patterns, line continuation and: Ranges. (line 65) @@ -33405,7 +33443,7 @@ Index * Robbins, Miriam <2>: Getline/Pipe. (line 39) * Robbins, Miriam: Acknowledgments. (line 82) * Rommel, Kai Uwe: Contributors. (line 42) -* round to nearest integer: Numeric Functions. (line 23) +* round to nearest integer: Numeric Functions. (line 37) * round() user-defined function: Round Function. (line 16) * rounding numbers: Round Function. (line 6) * ROUNDMODE variable: User-modified. (line 128) @@ -33455,7 +33493,7 @@ Index * sed utility <2>: Simple Sed. (line 6) * sed utility: Field Splitting Summary. (line 46) -* seeding random number generator: Numeric Functions. (line 64) +* seeding random number generator: Numeric Functions. (line 78) * semicolon (;), AWKPATH variable and: PC Using. (line 10) * semicolon (;), separating statements in actions <1>: Statements. (line 10) @@ -33557,8 +33595,8 @@ Index * SIGUSR1 signal, for dynamic profiling: Profiling. (line 188) * silent debugger command: Debugger Execution Control. (line 10) -* sin: Numeric Functions. (line 75) -* sine: Numeric Functions. (line 75) +* sin: Numeric Functions. (line 89) +* sine: Numeric Functions. (line 89) * single quote ('): One-shot. (line 15) * single quote (') in gawk command lines: Long. (line 33) * single quote ('), in shell commands: Quoting. (line 48) @@ -33608,10 +33646,10 @@ Index * sprintf() function, OFMT variable and: User-modified. (line 114) * sprintf() function, print/printf statements and: Round Function. (line 6) -* sqrt: Numeric Functions. (line 78) +* sqrt: Numeric Functions. (line 92) * square brackets ([]), regexp operator: Regexp Operators. (line 56) -* square root: Numeric Functions. (line 78) -* srand: Numeric Functions. (line 82) +* square root: Numeric Functions. (line 92) +* srand: Numeric Functions. (line 96) * stack frame: Debugging Terms. (line 10) * Stallman, Richard <1>: Glossary. (line 296) * Stallman, Richard <2>: Contributors. (line 23) @@ -34180,325 +34218,325 @@ Node: Functions489801 Node: Built-in490674 Node: Calling Built-in491752 Node: Numeric Functions493740 -Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-1497574 -Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-2497931 -Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-3497979 -Node: String Functions498248 -Ref: String Functions-Footnote-1521259 -Ref: String Functions-Footnote-2521388 -Ref: String Functions-Footnote-3521636 -Node: Gory Details521723 -Ref: table-sub-escapes523392 -Ref: table-sub-posix-92524746 -Ref: table-sub-proposed526097 -Ref: table-posix-sub527451 -Ref: table-gensub-escapes528996 -Ref: Gory Details-Footnote-1530172 -Ref: Gory Details-Footnote-2530223 -Node: I/O Functions530374 -Ref: I/O Functions-Footnote-1537497 -Node: Time Functions537644 -Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-1548108 -Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-2548176 -Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-3548334 -Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-4548445 -Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-5548557 -Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-6548784 -Node: Bitwise 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Summary793927 -Node: Internationalization795791 -Node: I18N and L10N797271 -Node: Explaining gettext797957 -Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-1803097 -Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-2803281 -Node: Programmer i18n803446 -Node: Translator i18n807671 -Node: String Extraction808465 -Ref: String Extraction-Footnote-1809426 -Node: Printf Ordering809512 -Ref: Printf Ordering-Footnote-1812294 -Node: I18N Portability812358 -Ref: I18N Portability-Footnote-1814807 -Node: I18N Example814870 -Ref: I18N Example-Footnote-1817592 -Node: Gawk I18N817664 -Node: I18N Summary818302 -Node: Debugger819641 -Node: Debugging820663 -Node: Debugging Concepts821104 -Node: Debugging Terms822960 -Node: Awk Debugging825557 -Node: Sample Debugging Session826449 -Node: Debugger Invocation826969 -Node: Finding The Bug828302 -Node: List of Debugger Commands834784 -Node: Breakpoint Control836116 -Node: Debugger Execution Control839780 -Node: Viewing And Changing Data843140 -Node: Execution Stack846498 -Node: Debugger Info848011 -Node: Miscellaneous Debugger Commands852005 -Node: Readline Support857189 -Node: Limitations858081 -Node: Debugging Summary860355 -Node: Arbitrary Precision Arithmetic861519 -Node: Computer Arithmetic862848 -Ref: Computer Arithmetic-Footnote-1867235 -Node: Math Definitions867292 -Ref: table-ieee-formats870176 -Node: MPFR features870680 -Node: FP Math Caution872322 -Ref: FP Math Caution-Footnote-1873363 -Node: Inexactness of computations873732 -Node: Inexact representation874680 -Node: Comparing FP Values876035 -Node: Errors accumulate876999 -Node: Getting Accuracy878432 -Node: Try To Round881091 -Node: Setting precision881990 -Ref: table-predefined-precision-strings882672 -Node: Setting the rounding mode884465 -Ref: table-gawk-rounding-modes884829 -Ref: Setting the rounding mode-Footnote-1888283 -Node: Arbitrary Precision Integers888462 -Ref: Arbitrary Precision Integers-Footnote-1891465 -Node: POSIX Floating Point Problems891614 -Ref: POSIX Floating Point Problems-Footnote-1895490 -Node: Floating point summary895528 -Node: Dynamic Extensions897745 -Node: Extension Intro899297 -Node: Plugin License900562 -Node: Extension Mechanism Outline901247 -Ref: figure-load-extension901671 -Ref: figure-load-new-function903156 -Ref: figure-call-new-function904158 -Node: Extension API Description906142 -Node: Extension API Functions Introduction907592 -Node: General Data Types912457 -Ref: General Data Types-Footnote-1918150 -Node: Requesting Values918449 -Ref: table-value-types-returned919186 -Node: Memory Allocation Functions920144 -Ref: Memory Allocation Functions-Footnote-1922891 -Node: Constructor Functions922987 -Node: Registration Functions924745 -Node: Extension Functions925430 -Node: Exit Callback Functions927732 -Node: Extension Version String928981 -Node: Input Parsers929631 -Node: Output Wrappers939434 -Node: Two-way processors943950 -Node: Printing Messages946154 -Ref: Printing Messages-Footnote-1947231 -Node: Updating `ERRNO'947383 -Node: 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Function619544 +Node: Rewind Function623613 +Node: File Checking625000 +Ref: File Checking-Footnote-1626132 +Node: Empty Files626333 +Node: Ignoring Assigns628312 +Node: Getopt Function629866 +Ref: Getopt Function-Footnote-1641169 +Node: Passwd Functions641372 +Ref: Passwd Functions-Footnote-1650351 +Node: Group Functions650439 +Ref: Group Functions-Footnote-1658380 +Node: Walking Arrays658593 +Node: Library Functions Summary660196 +Node: Library exercises661584 +Node: Sample Programs662864 +Node: Running Examples663634 +Node: Clones664362 +Node: Cut Program665586 +Node: Egrep Program675454 +Ref: Egrep Program-Footnote-1683425 +Node: Id Program683535 +Node: Split Program687199 +Ref: Split Program-Footnote-1690737 +Node: Tee Program690865 +Node: Uniq Program693672 +Node: Wc Program701102 +Ref: Wc Program-Footnote-1705367 +Node: Miscellaneous Programs705459 +Node: Dupword Program706672 +Node: Alarm Program708703 +Node: Translate Program713517 +Ref: Translate Program-Footnote-1717908 +Ref: Translate Program-Footnote-2718178 +Node: Labels Program718312 +Ref: Labels Program-Footnote-1721683 +Node: Word Sorting721767 +Node: History Sorting725810 +Node: Extract Program727646 +Node: Simple Sed735182 +Node: Igawk Program738244 +Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-1752555 +Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-2752756 +Node: Anagram Program752894 +Node: Signature Program755962 +Node: Programs Summary757209 +Node: Programs Exercises758424 +Node: Advanced Features762075 +Node: Nondecimal Data764023 +Node: Array Sorting765600 +Node: Controlling Array Traversal766297 +Node: Array Sorting Functions774577 +Ref: Array Sorting Functions-Footnote-1778484 +Node: Two-way I/O778678 +Ref: Two-way I/O-Footnote-1784194 +Node: TCP/IP Networking784276 +Node: Profiling787120 +Node: Advanced Features Summary794671 +Node: Internationalization796535 +Node: I18N and L10N798015 +Node: Explaining gettext798701 +Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-1803841 +Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-2804025 +Node: Programmer i18n804190 +Node: Translator i18n808415 +Node: String Extraction809209 +Ref: String Extraction-Footnote-1810170 +Node: Printf Ordering810256 +Ref: Printf Ordering-Footnote-1813038 +Node: I18N Portability813102 +Ref: I18N Portability-Footnote-1815551 +Node: I18N Example815614 +Ref: I18N Example-Footnote-1818336 +Node: Gawk I18N818408 +Node: I18N Summary819046 +Node: Debugger820385 +Node: Debugging821407 +Node: Debugging Concepts821848 +Node: Debugging Terms823704 +Node: Awk Debugging826301 +Node: Sample Debugging Session827193 +Node: Debugger Invocation827713 +Node: Finding The Bug829046 +Node: List of Debugger Commands835528 +Node: Breakpoint Control836860 +Node: Debugger Execution Control840524 +Node: Viewing And Changing Data843884 +Node: Execution Stack847242 +Node: Debugger Info848755 +Node: Miscellaneous Debugger Commands852749 +Node: Readline Support857933 +Node: Limitations858825 +Node: Debugging Summary861099 +Node: Arbitrary Precision Arithmetic862263 +Node: Computer Arithmetic863592 +Ref: Computer Arithmetic-Footnote-1867979 +Node: Math Definitions868036 +Ref: table-ieee-formats870920 +Node: MPFR features871424 +Node: FP Math Caution873066 +Ref: FP Math Caution-Footnote-1874107 +Node: Inexactness of computations874476 +Node: Inexact representation875424 +Node: Comparing FP Values876779 +Node: Errors accumulate877743 +Node: Getting Accuracy879176 +Node: Try To Round881835 +Node: Setting precision882734 +Ref: table-predefined-precision-strings883416 +Node: Setting the rounding mode885209 +Ref: table-gawk-rounding-modes885573 +Ref: Setting the rounding mode-Footnote-1889027 +Node: Arbitrary Precision Integers889206 +Ref: Arbitrary Precision Integers-Footnote-1893001 +Node: POSIX Floating Point Problems893150 +Ref: POSIX Floating Point Problems-Footnote-1897026 +Node: Floating point summary897064 +Node: Dynamic Extensions899281 +Node: Extension Intro900833 +Node: Plugin License902098 +Node: Extension Mechanism Outline902783 +Ref: figure-load-extension903207 +Ref: figure-load-new-function904692 +Ref: figure-call-new-function905694 +Node: Extension API Description907678 +Node: Extension API Functions Introduction909128 +Node: General Data Types913993 +Ref: General Data Types-Footnote-1919686 +Node: Requesting Values919985 +Ref: table-value-types-returned920722 +Node: Memory Allocation Functions921680 +Ref: Memory Allocation Functions-Footnote-1924427 +Node: Constructor Functions924523 +Node: Registration Functions926281 +Node: Extension Functions926966 +Node: Exit Callback Functions929268 +Node: Extension Version String930517 +Node: Input Parsers931167 +Node: Output Wrappers940970 +Node: Two-way processors945486 +Node: Printing Messages947690 +Ref: Printing Messages-Footnote-1948767 +Node: Updating `ERRNO'948919 +Node: Accessing Parameters949658 +Node: Symbol Table Access950888 +Node: Symbol table by name951402 +Node: Symbol table by cookie953378 +Ref: Symbol table by cookie-Footnote-1957511 +Node: Cached 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