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Diffstat (limited to 'doc/gawk.info')
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/gawk.info | 735 |
1 files changed, 372 insertions, 363 deletions
diff --git a/doc/gawk.info b/doc/gawk.info index 329f15d3..2667d53f 100644 --- a/doc/gawk.info +++ b/doc/gawk.info @@ -9712,9 +9712,18 @@ with a pound sign (`#'). An associative array containing the values of the environment. The array indices are the environment variable names; the elements are the values of the particular environment variables. For - example, `ENVIRON["HOME"]' might be `/home/arnold'. Changing this - array does not affect the environment passed on to any programs - that `awk' may spawn via redirection or the `system()' function. + example, `ENVIRON["HOME"]' might be `/home/arnold'. + + For POSIX `awk', changing this array does not affect the + environment passed on to any programs that `awk' may spawn via + redirection or the `system()' function. + + However, beginning with version 4.2, if not in POSIX compatibility + mode, `gawk' does update its own environment when `ENVIRON' is + changed, thus changing the environment seen by programs that it + creates. You should therefore be especially careful if you modify + `ENVIRON["PATH"]"', which is the search path for finding + executable programs. Some operating systems may not have environment variables. On such systems, the `ENVIRON' array is empty (except for @@ -30721,9 +30730,9 @@ Index * dark corner, exit statement: Exit Statement. (line 30) * dark corner, field separators: Field Splitting Summary. (line 46) -* dark corner, FILENAME variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 93) +* dark corner, FILENAME variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 102) * dark corner, FILENAME variable: Getline Notes. (line 19) -* dark corner, FNR/NR variables: Auto-set. (line 314) +* dark corner, FNR/NR variables: Auto-set. (line 323) * dark corner, format-control characters: Control Letters. (line 18) * dark corner, FS as null string: Single Character Fields. (line 20) @@ -30892,12 +30901,12 @@ Index (line 23) * differences in awk and gawk, close() function: Close Files And Pipes. (line 81) -* differences in awk and gawk, ERRNO variable: Auto-set. (line 73) +* differences in awk and gawk, ERRNO variable: Auto-set. (line 82) * differences in awk and gawk, error messages: Special FD. (line 16) * differences in awk and gawk, FIELDWIDTHS variable: User-modified. (line 35) * differences in awk and gawk, FPAT variable: User-modified. (line 45) -* differences in awk and gawk, FUNCTAB variable: Auto-set. (line 119) +* differences in awk and gawk, FUNCTAB variable: Auto-set. (line 128) * differences in awk and gawk, function arguments (gawk): Calling Built-in. (line 16) * differences in awk and gawk, getline command: Getline. (line 19) @@ -30920,14 +30929,14 @@ Index (line 256) * differences in awk and gawk, print/printf statements: Format Modifiers. (line 13) -* differences in awk and gawk, PROCINFO array: Auto-set. (line 133) +* differences in awk and gawk, PROCINFO array: Auto-set. (line 142) * differences in awk and gawk, record separators: Records. (line 117) * differences in awk and gawk, regexp constants: Using Constant Regexps. (line 43) * differences in awk and gawk, regular expressions: Case-sensitivity. (line 26) * differences in awk and gawk, RS/RT variables: Records. (line 172) -* differences in awk and gawk, RT variable: Auto-set. (line 266) +* differences in awk and gawk, RT variable: Auto-set. (line 275) * differences in awk and gawk, single-character fields: Single Character Fields. (line 6) * differences in awk and gawk, split() function: String Functions. @@ -30936,7 +30945,7 @@ Index * differences in awk and gawk, strings, storing: Records. (line 191) * differences in awk and gawk, strtonum() function (gawk): String Functions. (line 401) -* differences in awk and gawk, SYMTAB variable: Auto-set. (line 274) +* differences in awk and gawk, SYMTAB variable: Auto-set. (line 283) * differences in awk and gawk, TEXTDOMAIN variable: User-modified. (line 162) * differences in awk and gawk, trunc-mod operation: Arithmetic Ops. @@ -31017,13 +31026,13 @@ Index (line 11) * EREs (Extended Regular Expressions): Bracket Expressions. (line 24) * ERRNO variable <1>: TCP/IP Networking. (line 54) -* ERRNO variable <2>: Auto-set. (line 73) +* ERRNO variable <2>: Auto-set. (line 82) * ERRNO variable <3>: BEGINFILE/ENDFILE. (line 26) * ERRNO variable <4>: Close Files And Pipes. (line 138) * ERRNO variable: Getline. (line 19) * error handling: Special FD. (line 16) -* error handling, ERRNO variable and: Auto-set. (line 73) +* error handling, ERRNO variable and: Auto-set. (line 82) * error output: Special FD. (line 6) * escape processing, gsub()/gensub()/sub() functions: Gory Details. (line 6) @@ -31136,7 +31145,7 @@ Index * file names, distinguishing: Auto-set. (line 52) * file names, in compatibility mode: Special Caveats. (line 9) * file names, standard streams in gawk: Special FD. (line 46) -* FILENAME variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 93) +* FILENAME variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 102) * FILENAME variable: Reading Files. (line 6) * FILENAME variable, getline, setting with: Getline Notes. (line 19) * filenames, assignments as: Ignoring Assigns. (line 6) @@ -31204,9 +31213,9 @@ Index * floating-point, VAX/VMS: VMS Running. (line 51) * fnmatch() extension function: Extension Sample Fnmatch. (line 6) -* FNR variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 103) +* FNR variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 112) * FNR variable: Records. (line 6) -* FNR variable, changing: Auto-set. (line 314) +* FNR variable, changing: Auto-set. (line 323) * for statement: For Statement. (line 6) * for statement, looping over arrays: Scanning an Array. (line 20) * fork() extension function: Extension Sample Fork. @@ -31253,7 +31262,7 @@ Index * FSF (Free Software Foundation): Manual History. (line 6) * fts() extension function: Extension Sample File Functions. (line 77) -* FUNCTAB array: Auto-set. (line 119) +* FUNCTAB array: Auto-set. (line 128) * function calls: Function Calls. (line 6) * function calls, indirect: Indirect Calls. (line 6) * function pointers: Indirect Calls. (line 6) @@ -31322,7 +31331,7 @@ Index * gawk, distribution: Distribution contents. (line 6) * gawk, ERRNO variable in <1>: TCP/IP Networking. (line 54) -* gawk, ERRNO variable in <2>: Auto-set. (line 73) +* gawk, ERRNO variable in <2>: Auto-set. (line 82) * gawk, ERRNO variable in <3>: BEGINFILE/ENDFILE. (line 26) * gawk, ERRNO variable in <4>: Close Files And Pipes. (line 138) @@ -31339,7 +31348,7 @@ Index * gawk, FPAT variable in <1>: User-modified. (line 45) * gawk, FPAT variable in: Splitting By Content. (line 26) -* gawk, FUNCTAB array in: Auto-set. (line 119) +* gawk, FUNCTAB array in: Auto-set. (line 128) * gawk, function arguments and: Calling Built-in. (line 16) * gawk, hexadecimal numbers and: Nondecimal-numbers. (line 42) * gawk, IGNORECASE variable in <1>: Array Sorting Functions. @@ -31370,7 +31379,7 @@ Index * gawk, OS/2 version of: PC Using. (line 11) * gawk, PROCINFO array in <1>: Two-way I/O. (line 116) * gawk, PROCINFO array in <2>: Time Functions. (line 47) -* gawk, PROCINFO array in: Auto-set. (line 133) +* gawk, PROCINFO array in: Auto-set. (line 142) * gawk, regexp constants and: Using Constant Regexps. (line 28) * gawk, regular expressions, case sensitivity: Case-sensitivity. @@ -31378,7 +31387,7 @@ Index * gawk, regular expressions, operators: GNU Regexp Operators. (line 6) * gawk, regular expressions, precedence: Regexp Operators. (line 161) -* gawk, RT variable in <1>: Auto-set. (line 266) +* gawk, RT variable in <1>: Auto-set. (line 275) * gawk, RT variable in <2>: Getline/Variable/File. (line 10) * gawk, RT variable in <3>: Multiple Line. (line 129) @@ -31387,7 +31396,7 @@ Index * gawk, source code, obtaining: Getting. (line 6) * gawk, splitting fields and: Constant Size. (line 87) * gawk, string-translation functions: I18N Functions. (line 6) -* gawk, SYMTAB array in: Auto-set. (line 274) +* gawk, SYMTAB array in: Auto-set. (line 283) * gawk, TEXTDOMAIN variable in: User-modified. (line 162) * gawk, timestamps: Time Functions. (line 6) * gawk, uses for: Preface. (line 36) @@ -31792,16 +31801,16 @@ Index (line 47) * nexti debugger command: Debugger Execution Control. (line 49) -* NF variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 108) +* NF variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 117) * NF variable: Fields. (line 33) * NF variable, decrementing: Changing Fields. (line 107) * ni debugger command (alias for nexti): Debugger Execution Control. (line 49) * noassign.awk program: Ignoring Assigns. (line 15) * not Boolean-logic operator: Boolean Ops. (line 6) -* NR variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 128) +* NR variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 137) * NR variable: Records. (line 6) -* NR variable, changing: Auto-set. (line 314) +* NR variable, changing: Auto-set. (line 323) * null strings <1>: Basic Data Typing. (line 26) * null strings <2>: Truth Values. (line 6) * null strings <3>: Regexp Field Splitting. @@ -32081,7 +32090,7 @@ Index * PROCINFO array <3>: Group Functions. (line 6) * PROCINFO array <4>: Passwd Functions. (line 6) * PROCINFO array <5>: Time Functions. (line 47) -* PROCINFO array <6>: Auto-set. (line 133) +* PROCINFO array <6>: Auto-set. (line 142) * PROCINFO array: Obsolete. (line 11) * profiling awk programs: Profiling. (line 6) * profiling awk programs, dynamically: Profiling. (line 172) @@ -32235,7 +32244,7 @@ Index * right angle bracket (>), >> operator (I/O): Redirection. (line 50) * right shift, bitwise: Bitwise Functions. (line 32) * Ritchie, Dennis: Basic Data Typing. (line 55) -* RLENGTH variable: Auto-set. (line 253) +* RLENGTH variable: Auto-set. (line 262) * RLENGTH variable, match() function and: String Functions. (line 220) * Robbins, Arnold <1>: Future Extensions. (line 6) * Robbins, Arnold <2>: Bugs. (line 32) @@ -32262,9 +32271,9 @@ Index * RS variable: Records. (line 20) * RS variable, multiline records and: Multiple Line. (line 17) * rshift() function (gawk): Bitwise Functions. (line 52) -* RSTART variable: Auto-set. (line 259) +* RSTART variable: Auto-set. (line 268) * RSTART variable, match() function and: String Functions. (line 220) -* RT variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 266) +* RT variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 275) * RT variable <2>: Getline/Variable/File. (line 10) * RT variable <3>: Multiple Line. (line 129) @@ -32347,7 +32356,7 @@ Index (line 110) * sidebar, Changing FS Does Not Affect the Fields: Field Splitting Summary. (line 38) -* sidebar, Changing NR and FNR: Auto-set. (line 312) +* sidebar, Changing NR and FNR: Auto-set. (line 321) * sidebar, Controlling Output Buffering with system(): I/O Functions. (line 135) * sidebar, Escape Sequences for Metacharacters: Escape Sequences. @@ -32489,7 +32498,7 @@ Index * substr() function: String Functions. (line 478) * Sumner, Andrew: Other Versions. (line 64) * switch statement: Switch Statement. (line 6) -* SYMTAB array: Auto-set. (line 274) +* SYMTAB array: Auto-set. (line 283) * syntactic ambiguity: /= operator vs. /=.../ regexp constant: Assignment Ops. (line 147) * system() function: I/O Functions. (line 72) @@ -32932,338 +32941,338 @@ Node: Built-in Variables404543 Node: User-modified405638 Ref: User-modified-Footnote-1413996 Node: Auto-set414058 -Ref: Auto-set-Footnote-1427136 -Ref: Auto-set-Footnote-2427341 -Node: ARGC and ARGV427397 -Node: Arrays431248 -Node: Array Basics432753 -Node: Array Intro433579 -Node: Reference to Elements437896 -Node: Assigning Elements440166 -Node: Array Example440657 -Node: Scanning an Array442389 -Node: Controlling Scanning444703 -Ref: Controlling Scanning-Footnote-1449790 -Node: Delete450106 -Ref: Delete-Footnote-1452871 -Node: Numeric Array Subscripts452928 -Node: Uninitialized Subscripts455111 -Node: Multidimensional456738 -Node: Multiscanning459831 -Node: Arrays of Arrays461420 -Node: Functions466060 -Node: Built-in466879 -Node: Calling Built-in467957 -Node: Numeric Functions469945 -Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-1473777 -Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-2474134 -Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-3474182 -Node: String Functions474451 -Ref: String Functions-Footnote-1497371 -Ref: String Functions-Footnote-2497500 -Ref: String Functions-Footnote-3497748 -Node: Gory Details497835 -Ref: table-sub-escapes499514 -Ref: table-sub-posix-92500868 -Ref: table-sub-proposed502219 -Ref: table-posix-sub503573 -Ref: table-gensub-escapes505118 -Ref: Gory Details-Footnote-1506294 -Ref: Gory Details-Footnote-2506345 -Node: I/O Functions506496 -Ref: I/O Functions-Footnote-1513481 -Node: Time Functions513628 -Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-1524561 -Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-2524629 -Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-3524787 -Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-4524898 -Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-5525010 -Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-6525237 -Node: Bitwise Functions525503 -Ref: table-bitwise-ops526065 -Ref: Bitwise Functions-Footnote-1530286 -Node: Type Functions530470 -Node: I18N Functions531621 -Node: User-defined533248 -Node: Definition Syntax534052 -Ref: Definition Syntax-Footnote-1538962 -Node: Function Example539031 -Node: Function Caveats541625 -Node: Calling A Function542046 -Node: Variable Scope543161 -Node: Pass By Value/Reference546124 -Node: Return Statement549632 -Node: Dynamic Typing552613 -Node: Indirect Calls553544 -Node: Library Functions563229 -Ref: Library Functions-Footnote-1566742 -Ref: Library Functions-Footnote-2566885 -Node: Library Names567056 -Ref: Library Names-Footnote-1570527 -Ref: Library Names-Footnote-2570747 -Node: General Functions570833 -Node: Strtonum Function571861 -Node: Assert Function574791 -Node: Round Function578117 -Node: Cliff Random Function579660 -Node: Ordinal Functions580676 -Ref: Ordinal Functions-Footnote-1583748 -Ref: Ordinal Functions-Footnote-2584000 -Node: Join Function584209 -Ref: Join Function-Footnote-1585980 -Node: Getlocaltime Function586180 -Node: Readfile Function589921 -Node: Data File Management591760 -Node: Filetrans Function592392 -Node: Rewind Function596461 -Node: File Checking597848 -Node: Empty Files598942 -Node: Ignoring Assigns601172 -Node: Getopt Function602725 -Ref: Getopt Function-Footnote-1614028 -Node: Passwd Functions614231 -Ref: Passwd Functions-Footnote-1623206 -Node: Group Functions623294 -Node: Walking Arrays631378 -Node: Sample Programs633515 -Node: Running Examples634189 -Node: Clones634917 -Node: Cut Program636141 -Node: Egrep Program645986 -Ref: Egrep Program-Footnote-1653759 -Node: Id Program653869 -Node: Split Program657485 -Ref: Split Program-Footnote-1661004 -Node: Tee Program661132 -Node: Uniq Program663935 -Node: Wc Program671364 -Ref: Wc Program-Footnote-1675630 -Ref: Wc Program-Footnote-2675830 -Node: Miscellaneous Programs675922 -Node: Dupword Program677110 -Node: Alarm Program679141 -Node: Translate Program683894 -Ref: Translate Program-Footnote-1688281 -Ref: Translate Program-Footnote-2688529 -Node: Labels Program688663 -Ref: Labels Program-Footnote-1692034 -Node: Word Sorting692118 -Node: History Sorting696002 -Node: Extract Program697841 -Ref: Extract Program-Footnote-1705344 -Node: Simple Sed705472 -Node: Igawk Program708534 -Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-1723691 -Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-2723892 -Node: Anagram Program724030 -Node: Signature Program727098 -Node: Advanced Features728198 -Node: Nondecimal Data730084 -Node: Array Sorting731667 -Node: Controlling Array Traversal732364 -Node: Array Sorting Functions740648 -Ref: Array Sorting Functions-Footnote-1744517 -Node: Two-way I/O744711 -Ref: Two-way I/O-Footnote-1750143 -Node: TCP/IP Networking750213 -Node: Profiling753057 -Node: Internationalization760554 -Node: I18N and L10N761979 -Node: Explaining gettext762665 -Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-1767733 -Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-2767917 -Node: Programmer i18n768082 -Node: Translator i18n772284 -Node: String Extraction773077 -Ref: String Extraction-Footnote-1774038 -Node: Printf Ordering774124 -Ref: Printf Ordering-Footnote-1776908 -Node: I18N Portability776972 -Ref: I18N Portability-Footnote-1779421 -Node: I18N Example779484 -Ref: I18N Example-Footnote-1782122 -Node: Gawk I18N782194 -Node: Debugger782815 -Node: Debugging783786 -Node: Debugging Concepts784219 -Node: Debugging Terms786075 -Node: Awk Debugging788672 -Node: Sample Debugging Session789564 -Node: Debugger Invocation790084 -Node: Finding The Bug791416 -Node: List of Debugger Commands797904 -Node: Breakpoint Control799238 -Node: Debugger Execution Control802902 -Node: Viewing And Changing Data806262 -Node: Execution Stack809618 -Node: Debugger Info811085 -Node: Miscellaneous Debugger Commands815067 -Node: Readline Support820243 -Node: Limitations821074 -Node: Arbitrary Precision Arithmetic823326 -Ref: Arbitrary Precision Arithmetic-Footnote-1824975 -Node: General Arithmetic825123 -Node: Floating Point Issues826843 -Node: String Conversion Precision827724 -Ref: String Conversion Precision-Footnote-1829429 -Node: Unexpected Results829538 -Node: POSIX Floating Point Problems831691 -Ref: POSIX Floating Point Problems-Footnote-1835516 -Node: Integer Programming835554 -Node: Floating-point Programming837293 -Ref: Floating-point Programming-Footnote-1843624 -Ref: Floating-point Programming-Footnote-2843894 -Node: Floating-point Representation844158 -Node: Floating-point Context845323 -Ref: table-ieee-formats846162 -Node: Rounding Mode847546 -Ref: table-rounding-modes848025 -Ref: Rounding Mode-Footnote-1851040 -Node: Gawk and MPFR851219 -Node: Arbitrary Precision Floats852474 -Ref: Arbitrary Precision Floats-Footnote-1854917 -Node: Setting Precision855233 -Ref: table-predefined-precision-strings855919 -Node: Setting Rounding Mode858064 -Ref: table-gawk-rounding-modes858468 -Node: Floating-point Constants859655 -Node: Changing Precision861084 -Ref: Changing Precision-Footnote-1862481 -Node: Exact Arithmetic862655 -Node: Arbitrary Precision Integers865793 -Ref: Arbitrary Precision Integers-Footnote-1868811 -Node: Dynamic Extensions868958 -Node: Extension Intro870416 -Node: Plugin License871681 -Node: Extension Mechanism Outline872366 -Ref: load-extension872783 -Ref: load-new-function874261 -Ref: call-new-function875256 -Node: Extension API Description877271 -Node: Extension API Functions Introduction878484 -Node: General Data Types883350 -Ref: General Data Types-Footnote-1888955 -Node: Requesting Values889254 -Ref: table-value-types-returned889985 -Node: Constructor Functions890939 -Node: Registration Functions893959 -Node: Extension Functions894644 -Node: Exit Callback Functions896869 -Node: Extension Version String898118 -Node: Input Parsers898768 -Node: Output Wrappers908525 -Node: Two-way processors913035 -Node: Printing Messages915243 -Ref: Printing Messages-Footnote-1916320 -Node: Updating `ERRNO'916472 -Node: Accessing Parameters917211 -Node: Symbol Table Access918441 -Node: Symbol table by name918953 -Node: Symbol table by cookie920700 -Ref: Symbol table by cookie-Footnote-1924830 -Node: Cached values924893 -Ref: Cached values-Footnote-1928342 -Node: Array Manipulation928433 -Ref: Array Manipulation-Footnote-1929531 -Node: Array Data Types929570 -Ref: Array Data Types-Footnote-1932273 -Node: Array Functions932365 -Node: Flattening Arrays936131 -Node: Creating Arrays942983 -Node: Extension API Variables947708 -Node: Extension Versioning948344 -Node: Extension API Informational Variables950245 -Node: Extension API Boilerplate951331 -Node: Finding Extensions955135 -Node: Extension Example955695 -Node: Internal File Description956425 -Node: Internal File Ops960516 -Ref: Internal File Ops-Footnote-1972024 -Node: Using Internal File Ops972164 -Ref: Using Internal File Ops-Footnote-1974517 -Node: Extension Samples974783 -Node: Extension Sample File Functions976307 -Node: Extension Sample Fnmatch984792 -Node: Extension Sample Fork986518 -Node: Extension Sample Inplace987736 -Node: Extension Sample Ord989514 -Node: Extension Sample Readdir990350 -Node: Extension Sample Revout991882 -Node: Extension Sample Rev2way992475 -Node: Extension Sample Read write array993165 -Node: Extension Sample Readfile995048 -Node: Extension Sample API Tests995866 -Node: Extension Sample Time996391 -Node: gawkextlib997755 -Node: Language History1000536 -Node: V7/SVR3.11002129 -Node: SVR41004449 -Node: POSIX1005891 -Node: BTL1007277 -Node: POSIX/GNU1008011 -Node: Feature History1013610 -Node: Common Extensions1026574 -Node: Ranges and Locales1027886 -Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-11032504 -Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-21032531 -Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-31032791 -Node: Contributors1033012 -Node: Installation1038157 -Node: Gawk Distribution1039051 -Node: Getting1039535 -Node: Extracting1040361 -Node: Distribution contents1042053 -Node: Unix Installation1047758 -Node: Quick Installation1048375 -Node: Additional Configuration Options1050819 -Node: Configuration Philosophy1052555 -Node: Non-Unix Installation1054909 -Node: PC Installation1055367 -Node: PC Binary Installation1056666 -Node: PC Compiling1058514 -Node: PC Testing1061458 -Node: PC Using1062634 -Node: Cygwin1066819 -Node: MSYS1067819 -Node: VMS Installation1068333 -Node: VMS Compilation1069097 -Ref: VMS Compilation-Footnote-11070712 -Node: VMS Dynamic Extensions1070770 -Node: VMS Installation Details1072143 -Node: VMS Running1074390 -Node: VMS GNV1077224 -Node: VMS Old Gawk1077947 -Node: Bugs1078417 -Node: Other Versions1082335 -Node: Notes1088419 -Node: Compatibility Mode1089219 -Node: Additions1090002 -Node: Accessing The Source1090929 -Node: Adding Code1092369 -Node: New Ports1098414 -Node: Derived Files1102549 -Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-11107870 -Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-21107904 -Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-31108504 -Node: Future Extensions1108602 -Node: Implementation Limitations1109185 -Node: Extension Design1110437 -Node: Old Extension Problems1111591 -Ref: Old Extension Problems-Footnote-11113099 -Node: Extension New Mechanism Goals1113156 -Ref: Extension New Mechanism Goals-Footnote-11116521 -Node: Extension Other Design Decisions1116707 -Node: Extension Future Growth1118813 -Node: Old Extension Mechanism1119649 -Node: Basic Concepts1121389 -Node: Basic High Level1122070 -Ref: figure-general-flow1122341 -Ref: figure-process-flow1122940 -Ref: Basic High Level-Footnote-11126169 -Node: Basic Data Typing1126354 -Node: Glossary1129709 -Node: Copying1155171 -Node: GNU Free Documentation License1192728 -Node: Index1217865 +Ref: Auto-set-Footnote-1427528 +Ref: Auto-set-Footnote-2427733 +Node: ARGC and ARGV427789 +Node: Arrays431640 +Node: Array Basics433145 +Node: Array Intro433971 +Node: Reference to Elements438288 +Node: Assigning Elements440558 +Node: Array Example441049 +Node: Scanning an Array442781 +Node: Controlling Scanning445095 +Ref: Controlling Scanning-Footnote-1450182 +Node: Delete450498 +Ref: Delete-Footnote-1453263 +Node: Numeric Array Subscripts453320 +Node: Uninitialized Subscripts455503 +Node: Multidimensional457130 +Node: Multiscanning460223 +Node: Arrays of Arrays461812 +Node: Functions466452 +Node: Built-in467271 +Node: Calling Built-in468349 +Node: Numeric Functions470337 +Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-1474169 +Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-2474526 +Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-3474574 +Node: String Functions474843 +Ref: String Functions-Footnote-1497763 +Ref: String Functions-Footnote-2497892 +Ref: String Functions-Footnote-3498140 +Node: Gory Details498227 +Ref: table-sub-escapes499906 +Ref: table-sub-posix-92501260 +Ref: table-sub-proposed502611 +Ref: table-posix-sub503965 +Ref: table-gensub-escapes505510 +Ref: Gory Details-Footnote-1506686 +Ref: Gory Details-Footnote-2506737 +Node: I/O Functions506888 +Ref: I/O Functions-Footnote-1513873 +Node: Time Functions514020 +Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-1524953 +Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-2525021 +Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-3525179 +Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-4525290 +Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-5525402 +Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-6525629 +Node: Bitwise Functions525895 +Ref: table-bitwise-ops526457 +Ref: Bitwise Functions-Footnote-1530678 +Node: Type Functions530862 +Node: I18N Functions532013 +Node: User-defined533640 +Node: Definition Syntax534444 +Ref: Definition Syntax-Footnote-1539354 +Node: Function Example539423 +Node: Function Caveats542017 +Node: Calling A Function542438 +Node: Variable Scope543553 +Node: Pass By Value/Reference546516 +Node: Return Statement550024 +Node: Dynamic Typing553005 +Node: Indirect Calls553936 +Node: Library Functions563621 +Ref: Library Functions-Footnote-1567134 +Ref: Library Functions-Footnote-2567277 +Node: Library Names567448 +Ref: Library Names-Footnote-1570919 +Ref: Library Names-Footnote-2571139 +Node: General Functions571225 +Node: Strtonum Function572253 +Node: Assert Function575183 +Node: Round Function578509 +Node: Cliff Random Function580052 +Node: Ordinal Functions581068 +Ref: Ordinal Functions-Footnote-1584140 +Ref: Ordinal Functions-Footnote-2584392 +Node: Join Function584601 +Ref: Join Function-Footnote-1586372 +Node: Getlocaltime Function586572 +Node: Readfile Function590313 +Node: Data File Management592152 +Node: Filetrans Function592784 +Node: Rewind Function596853 +Node: File Checking598240 +Node: Empty Files599334 +Node: Ignoring Assigns601564 +Node: Getopt Function603117 +Ref: Getopt Function-Footnote-1614420 +Node: Passwd Functions614623 +Ref: Passwd Functions-Footnote-1623598 +Node: Group Functions623686 +Node: Walking Arrays631770 +Node: Sample Programs633907 +Node: Running Examples634581 +Node: Clones635309 +Node: Cut Program636533 +Node: Egrep Program646378 +Ref: Egrep Program-Footnote-1654151 +Node: Id Program654261 +Node: Split Program657877 +Ref: Split Program-Footnote-1661396 +Node: Tee Program661524 +Node: Uniq Program664327 +Node: Wc Program671756 +Ref: Wc Program-Footnote-1676022 +Ref: Wc Program-Footnote-2676222 +Node: Miscellaneous Programs676314 +Node: Dupword Program677502 +Node: Alarm Program679533 +Node: Translate Program684286 +Ref: Translate Program-Footnote-1688673 +Ref: Translate Program-Footnote-2688921 +Node: Labels Program689055 +Ref: Labels Program-Footnote-1692426 +Node: Word Sorting692510 +Node: History Sorting696394 +Node: Extract Program698233 +Ref: Extract Program-Footnote-1705736 +Node: Simple Sed705864 +Node: Igawk Program708926 +Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-1724083 +Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-2724284 +Node: Anagram Program724422 +Node: Signature Program727490 +Node: Advanced Features728590 +Node: Nondecimal Data730476 +Node: Array Sorting732059 +Node: Controlling Array Traversal732756 +Node: Array Sorting Functions741040 +Ref: Array Sorting Functions-Footnote-1744909 +Node: Two-way I/O745103 +Ref: Two-way I/O-Footnote-1750535 +Node: TCP/IP Networking750605 +Node: Profiling753449 +Node: Internationalization760946 +Node: I18N and L10N762371 +Node: Explaining gettext763057 +Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-1768125 +Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-2768309 +Node: Programmer i18n768474 +Node: Translator i18n772676 +Node: String Extraction773469 +Ref: String Extraction-Footnote-1774430 +Node: Printf Ordering774516 +Ref: 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Unexpected Results829930 +Node: POSIX Floating Point Problems832083 +Ref: POSIX Floating Point Problems-Footnote-1835908 +Node: Integer Programming835946 +Node: Floating-point Programming837685 +Ref: Floating-point Programming-Footnote-1844016 +Ref: Floating-point Programming-Footnote-2844286 +Node: Floating-point Representation844550 +Node: Floating-point Context845715 +Ref: table-ieee-formats846554 +Node: Rounding Mode847938 +Ref: table-rounding-modes848417 +Ref: Rounding Mode-Footnote-1851432 +Node: Gawk and MPFR851611 +Node: Arbitrary Precision Floats852866 +Ref: Arbitrary Precision Floats-Footnote-1855309 +Node: Setting Precision855625 +Ref: table-predefined-precision-strings856311 +Node: Setting Rounding Mode858456 +Ref: table-gawk-rounding-modes858860 +Node: Floating-point Constants860047 +Node: Changing Precision861476 +Ref: Changing Precision-Footnote-1862873 +Node: Exact Arithmetic863047 +Node: Arbitrary Precision Integers866185 +Ref: Arbitrary Precision 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by cookie-Footnote-1925222 +Node: Cached values925285 +Ref: Cached values-Footnote-1928734 +Node: Array Manipulation928825 +Ref: Array Manipulation-Footnote-1929923 +Node: Array Data Types929962 +Ref: Array Data Types-Footnote-1932665 +Node: Array Functions932757 +Node: Flattening Arrays936523 +Node: Creating Arrays943375 +Node: Extension API Variables948100 +Node: Extension Versioning948736 +Node: Extension API Informational Variables950637 +Node: Extension API Boilerplate951723 +Node: Finding Extensions955527 +Node: Extension Example956087 +Node: Internal File Description956817 +Node: Internal File Ops960908 +Ref: Internal File Ops-Footnote-1972416 +Node: Using Internal File Ops972556 +Ref: Using Internal File Ops-Footnote-1974909 +Node: Extension Samples975175 +Node: Extension Sample File Functions976699 +Node: Extension Sample Fnmatch985184 +Node: Extension Sample Fork986910 +Node: Extension Sample Inplace988128 +Node: Extension Sample Ord989906 +Node: Extension Sample Readdir990742 +Node: Extension Sample Revout992274 +Node: Extension Sample Rev2way992867 +Node: Extension Sample Read write array993557 +Node: Extension Sample Readfile995440 +Node: Extension Sample API Tests996258 +Node: Extension Sample Time996783 +Node: gawkextlib998147 +Node: Language History1000928 +Node: V7/SVR3.11002521 +Node: SVR41004841 +Node: POSIX1006283 +Node: BTL1007669 +Node: POSIX/GNU1008403 +Node: Feature History1014002 +Node: Common Extensions1026966 +Node: Ranges and Locales1028278 +Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-11032896 +Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-21032923 +Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-31033183 +Node: Contributors1033404 +Node: Installation1038549 +Node: Gawk Distribution1039443 +Node: Getting1039927 +Node: Extracting1040753 +Node: Distribution contents1042445 +Node: Unix Installation1048150 +Node: Quick Installation1048767 +Node: Additional Configuration Options1051211 +Node: Configuration Philosophy1052947 +Node: Non-Unix Installation1055301 +Node: PC Installation1055759 +Node: PC Binary Installation1057058 +Node: PC Compiling1058906 +Node: PC Testing1061850 +Node: PC Using1063026 +Node: Cygwin1067211 +Node: MSYS1068211 +Node: VMS Installation1068725 +Node: VMS Compilation1069489 +Ref: VMS Compilation-Footnote-11071104 +Node: VMS Dynamic Extensions1071162 +Node: VMS Installation Details1072535 +Node: VMS Running1074782 +Node: VMS GNV1077616 +Node: VMS Old Gawk1078339 +Node: Bugs1078809 +Node: Other Versions1082727 +Node: Notes1088811 +Node: Compatibility Mode1089611 +Node: Additions1090394 +Node: Accessing The Source1091321 +Node: Adding Code1092761 +Node: New Ports1098806 +Node: Derived Files1102941 +Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-11108262 +Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-21108296 +Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-31108896 +Node: Future Extensions1108994 +Node: Implementation Limitations1109577 +Node: Extension Design1110829 +Node: Old Extension Problems1111983 +Ref: Old Extension Problems-Footnote-11113491 +Node: Extension New Mechanism Goals1113548 +Ref: Extension New Mechanism Goals-Footnote-11116913 +Node: Extension Other Design Decisions1117099 +Node: Extension Future Growth1119205 +Node: Old Extension Mechanism1120041 +Node: Basic Concepts1121781 +Node: Basic High Level1122462 +Ref: figure-general-flow1122733 +Ref: figure-process-flow1123332 +Ref: Basic High Level-Footnote-11126561 +Node: Basic Data Typing1126746 +Node: Glossary1130101 +Node: Copying1155563 +Node: GNU Free Documentation License1193120 +Node: Index1218257 End Tag Table |