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Diffstat (limited to 'doc/gawk.info')
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/gawk.info | 735 |
1 files changed, 372 insertions, 363 deletions
diff --git a/doc/gawk.info b/doc/gawk.info index a3ab750c..5deb6482 100644 --- a/doc/gawk.info +++ b/doc/gawk.info @@ -9709,9 +9709,18 @@ with a pound sign (`#'). An associative array containing the values of the environment. The array indices are the environment variable names; the elements are the values of the particular environment variables. For - example, `ENVIRON["HOME"]' might be `/home/arnold'. Changing this - array does not affect the environment passed on to any programs - that `awk' may spawn via redirection or the `system()' function. + example, `ENVIRON["HOME"]' might be `/home/arnold'. + + For POSIX `awk', changing this array does not affect the + environment passed on to any programs that `awk' may spawn via + redirection or the `system()' function. + + However, beginning with version 4.2, if not in POSIX compatibility + mode, `gawk' does update its own environment when `ENVIRON' is + changed, thus changing the environment seen by programs that it + creates. You should therefore be especially careful if you modify + `ENVIRON["PATH"]"', which is the search path for finding + executable programs. Some operating systems may not have environment variables. On such systems, the `ENVIRON' array is empty (except for @@ -30717,9 +30726,9 @@ Index * dark corner, exit statement: Exit Statement. (line 30) * dark corner, field separators: Field Splitting Summary. (line 46) -* dark corner, FILENAME variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 93) +* dark corner, FILENAME variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 102) * dark corner, FILENAME variable: Getline Notes. (line 19) -* dark corner, FNR/NR variables: Auto-set. (line 314) +* dark corner, FNR/NR variables: Auto-set. (line 323) * dark corner, format-control characters: Control Letters. (line 18) * dark corner, FS as null string: Single Character Fields. (line 20) @@ -30888,12 +30897,12 @@ Index (line 23) * differences in awk and gawk, close() function: Close Files And Pipes. (line 81) -* differences in awk and gawk, ERRNO variable: Auto-set. (line 73) +* differences in awk and gawk, ERRNO variable: Auto-set. (line 82) * differences in awk and gawk, error messages: Special FD. (line 16) * differences in awk and gawk, FIELDWIDTHS variable: User-modified. (line 35) * differences in awk and gawk, FPAT variable: User-modified. (line 45) -* differences in awk and gawk, FUNCTAB variable: Auto-set. (line 119) +* differences in awk and gawk, FUNCTAB variable: Auto-set. (line 128) * differences in awk and gawk, function arguments (gawk): Calling Built-in. (line 16) * differences in awk and gawk, getline command: Getline. (line 19) @@ -30916,14 +30925,14 @@ Index (line 256) * differences in awk and gawk, print/printf statements: Format Modifiers. (line 13) -* differences in awk and gawk, PROCINFO array: Auto-set. (line 133) +* differences in awk and gawk, PROCINFO array: Auto-set. (line 142) * differences in awk and gawk, record separators: Records. (line 117) * differences in awk and gawk, regexp constants: Using Constant Regexps. (line 43) * differences in awk and gawk, regular expressions: Case-sensitivity. (line 26) * differences in awk and gawk, RS/RT variables: Records. (line 172) -* differences in awk and gawk, RT variable: Auto-set. (line 266) +* differences in awk and gawk, RT variable: Auto-set. (line 275) * differences in awk and gawk, single-character fields: Single Character Fields. (line 6) * differences in awk and gawk, split() function: String Functions. @@ -30932,7 +30941,7 @@ Index * differences in awk and gawk, strings, storing: Records. (line 191) * differences in awk and gawk, strtonum() function (gawk): String Functions. (line 401) -* differences in awk and gawk, SYMTAB variable: Auto-set. (line 274) +* differences in awk and gawk, SYMTAB variable: Auto-set. (line 283) * differences in awk and gawk, TEXTDOMAIN variable: User-modified. (line 162) * differences in awk and gawk, trunc-mod operation: Arithmetic Ops. @@ -31013,13 +31022,13 @@ Index (line 11) * EREs (Extended Regular Expressions): Bracket Expressions. (line 24) * ERRNO variable <1>: TCP/IP Networking. (line 54) -* ERRNO variable <2>: Auto-set. (line 73) +* ERRNO variable <2>: Auto-set. (line 82) * ERRNO variable <3>: BEGINFILE/ENDFILE. (line 26) * ERRNO variable <4>: Close Files And Pipes. (line 138) * ERRNO variable: Getline. (line 19) * error handling: Special FD. (line 16) -* error handling, ERRNO variable and: Auto-set. (line 73) +* error handling, ERRNO variable and: Auto-set. (line 82) * error output: Special FD. (line 6) * escape processing, gsub()/gensub()/sub() functions: Gory Details. (line 6) @@ -31132,7 +31141,7 @@ Index * file names, distinguishing: Auto-set. (line 52) * file names, in compatibility mode: Special Caveats. (line 9) * file names, standard streams in gawk: Special FD. (line 46) -* FILENAME variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 93) +* FILENAME variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 102) * FILENAME variable: Reading Files. (line 6) * FILENAME variable, getline, setting with: Getline Notes. (line 19) * filenames, assignments as: Ignoring Assigns. (line 6) @@ -31200,9 +31209,9 @@ Index * floating-point, VAX/VMS: VMS Running. (line 51) * fnmatch() extension function: Extension Sample Fnmatch. (line 6) -* FNR variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 103) +* FNR variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 112) * FNR variable: Records. (line 6) -* FNR variable, changing: Auto-set. (line 314) +* FNR variable, changing: Auto-set. (line 323) * for statement: For Statement. (line 6) * for statement, looping over arrays: Scanning an Array. (line 20) * fork() extension function: Extension Sample Fork. @@ -31249,7 +31258,7 @@ Index * FSF (Free Software Foundation): Manual History. (line 6) * fts() extension function: Extension Sample File Functions. (line 77) -* FUNCTAB array: Auto-set. (line 119) +* FUNCTAB array: Auto-set. (line 128) * function calls: Function Calls. (line 6) * function calls, indirect: Indirect Calls. (line 6) * function pointers: Indirect Calls. (line 6) @@ -31318,7 +31327,7 @@ Index * gawk, distribution: Distribution contents. (line 6) * gawk, ERRNO variable in <1>: TCP/IP Networking. (line 54) -* gawk, ERRNO variable in <2>: Auto-set. (line 73) +* gawk, ERRNO variable in <2>: Auto-set. (line 82) * gawk, ERRNO variable in <3>: BEGINFILE/ENDFILE. (line 26) * gawk, ERRNO variable in <4>: Close Files And Pipes. (line 138) @@ -31335,7 +31344,7 @@ Index * gawk, FPAT variable in <1>: User-modified. (line 45) * gawk, FPAT variable in: Splitting By Content. (line 27) -* gawk, FUNCTAB array in: Auto-set. (line 119) +* gawk, FUNCTAB array in: Auto-set. (line 128) * gawk, function arguments and: Calling Built-in. (line 16) * gawk, hexadecimal numbers and: Nondecimal-numbers. (line 42) * gawk, IGNORECASE variable in <1>: Array Sorting Functions. @@ -31366,7 +31375,7 @@ Index * gawk, OS/2 version of: PC Using. (line 11) * gawk, PROCINFO array in <1>: Two-way I/O. (line 116) * gawk, PROCINFO array in <2>: Time Functions. (line 47) -* gawk, PROCINFO array in: Auto-set. (line 133) +* gawk, PROCINFO array in: Auto-set. (line 142) * gawk, regexp constants and: Using Constant Regexps. (line 28) * gawk, regular expressions, case sensitivity: Case-sensitivity. @@ -31374,7 +31383,7 @@ Index * gawk, regular expressions, operators: GNU Regexp Operators. (line 6) * gawk, regular expressions, precedence: Regexp Operators. (line 161) -* gawk, RT variable in <1>: Auto-set. (line 266) +* gawk, RT variable in <1>: Auto-set. (line 275) * gawk, RT variable in <2>: Getline/Variable/File. (line 10) * gawk, RT variable in <3>: Multiple Line. (line 129) @@ -31383,7 +31392,7 @@ Index * gawk, source code, obtaining: Getting. (line 6) * gawk, splitting fields and: Constant Size. (line 88) * gawk, string-translation functions: I18N Functions. (line 6) -* gawk, SYMTAB array in: Auto-set. (line 274) +* gawk, SYMTAB array in: Auto-set. (line 283) * gawk, TEXTDOMAIN variable in: User-modified. (line 162) * gawk, timestamps: Time Functions. (line 6) * gawk, uses for: Preface. (line 36) @@ -31788,16 +31797,16 @@ Index (line 47) * nexti debugger command: Debugger Execution Control. (line 49) -* NF variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 108) +* NF variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 117) * NF variable: Fields. (line 33) * NF variable, decrementing: Changing Fields. (line 107) * ni debugger command (alias for nexti): Debugger Execution Control. (line 49) * noassign.awk program: Ignoring Assigns. (line 15) * not Boolean-logic operator: Boolean Ops. (line 6) -* NR variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 128) +* NR variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 137) * NR variable: Records. (line 6) -* NR variable, changing: Auto-set. (line 314) +* NR variable, changing: Auto-set. (line 323) * null strings <1>: Basic Data Typing. (line 26) * null strings <2>: Truth Values. (line 6) * null strings <3>: Regexp Field Splitting. @@ -32077,7 +32086,7 @@ Index * PROCINFO array <3>: Group Functions. (line 6) * PROCINFO array <4>: Passwd Functions. (line 6) * PROCINFO array <5>: Time Functions. (line 47) -* PROCINFO array <6>: Auto-set. (line 133) +* PROCINFO array <6>: Auto-set. (line 142) * PROCINFO array: Obsolete. (line 11) * profiling awk programs: Profiling. (line 6) * profiling awk programs, dynamically: Profiling. (line 172) @@ -32232,7 +32241,7 @@ Index * right angle bracket (>), >> operator (I/O): Redirection. (line 50) * right shift, bitwise: Bitwise Functions. (line 32) * Ritchie, Dennis: Basic Data Typing. (line 55) -* RLENGTH variable: Auto-set. (line 253) +* RLENGTH variable: Auto-set. (line 262) * RLENGTH variable, match() function and: String Functions. (line 220) * Robbins, Arnold <1>: Future Extensions. (line 6) * Robbins, Arnold <2>: Bugs. (line 32) @@ -32259,9 +32268,9 @@ Index * RS variable: Records. (line 20) * RS variable, multiline records and: Multiple Line. (line 17) * rshift() function (gawk): Bitwise Functions. (line 52) -* RSTART variable: Auto-set. (line 259) +* RSTART variable: Auto-set. (line 268) * RSTART variable, match() function and: String Functions. (line 220) -* RT variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 266) +* RT variable <1>: Auto-set. (line 275) * RT variable <2>: Getline/Variable/File. (line 10) * RT variable <3>: Multiple Line. (line 129) @@ -32344,7 +32353,7 @@ Index (line 110) * sidebar, Changing FS Does Not Affect the Fields: Field Splitting Summary. (line 38) -* sidebar, Changing NR and FNR: Auto-set. (line 312) +* sidebar, Changing NR and FNR: Auto-set. (line 321) * sidebar, Controlling Output Buffering with system(): I/O Functions. (line 135) * sidebar, Escape Sequences for Metacharacters: Escape Sequences. @@ -32486,7 +32495,7 @@ Index * substr() function: String Functions. (line 478) * Sumner, Andrew: Other Versions. (line 64) * switch statement: Switch Statement. (line 6) -* SYMTAB array: Auto-set. (line 274) +* SYMTAB array: Auto-set. (line 283) * syntactic ambiguity: /= operator vs. /=.../ regexp constant: Assignment Ops. (line 147) * system() function: I/O Functions. (line 72) @@ -32928,338 +32937,338 @@ Node: Built-in Variables404134 Node: User-modified405229 Ref: User-modified-Footnote-1413587 Node: Auto-set413649 -Ref: Auto-set-Footnote-1426727 -Ref: Auto-set-Footnote-2426932 -Node: ARGC and ARGV426988 -Node: Arrays430839 -Node: Array Basics432344 -Node: Array Intro433170 -Node: Reference to Elements437487 -Node: Assigning Elements439757 -Node: Array Example440248 -Node: Scanning an Array441980 -Node: Controlling Scanning444294 -Ref: Controlling Scanning-Footnote-1449381 -Node: Delete449697 -Ref: Delete-Footnote-1452462 -Node: Numeric Array Subscripts452519 -Node: Uninitialized Subscripts454702 -Node: Multidimensional456329 -Node: Multiscanning459422 -Node: Arrays of Arrays461011 -Node: Functions465651 -Node: Built-in466470 -Node: Calling Built-in467548 -Node: Numeric Functions469536 -Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-1473368 -Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-2473725 -Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-3473773 -Node: String Functions474042 -Ref: String Functions-Footnote-1496962 -Ref: String Functions-Footnote-2497091 -Ref: String Functions-Footnote-3497339 -Node: Gory Details497426 -Ref: table-sub-escapes499105 -Ref: table-sub-posix-92500459 -Ref: table-sub-proposed501810 -Ref: table-posix-sub503164 -Ref: table-gensub-escapes504709 -Ref: Gory Details-Footnote-1505885 -Ref: Gory Details-Footnote-2505936 -Node: I/O Functions506087 -Ref: I/O Functions-Footnote-1513072 -Node: Time Functions513219 -Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-1524152 -Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-2524220 -Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-3524378 -Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-4524489 -Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-5524601 -Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-6524828 -Node: Bitwise Functions525094 -Ref: table-bitwise-ops525656 -Ref: Bitwise Functions-Footnote-1529877 -Node: Type Functions530061 -Node: I18N Functions531212 -Node: User-defined532839 -Node: Definition Syntax533643 -Ref: Definition Syntax-Footnote-1538553 -Node: Function Example538622 -Node: Function Caveats541216 -Node: Calling A Function541637 -Node: Variable Scope542752 -Node: Pass By Value/Reference545715 -Node: Return Statement549223 -Node: Dynamic Typing552204 -Node: Indirect Calls553135 -Node: Library Functions562820 -Ref: Library Functions-Footnote-1566333 -Ref: Library Functions-Footnote-2566476 -Node: Library Names566647 -Ref: Library Names-Footnote-1570118 -Ref: Library Names-Footnote-2570338 -Node: General Functions570424 -Node: Strtonum Function571452 -Node: Assert Function574382 -Node: Round Function577708 -Node: Cliff Random Function579251 -Node: Ordinal Functions580267 -Ref: Ordinal Functions-Footnote-1583339 -Ref: Ordinal Functions-Footnote-2583591 -Node: Join Function583800 -Ref: Join Function-Footnote-1585571 -Node: Getlocaltime Function585771 -Node: Readfile Function589512 -Node: Data File Management591351 -Node: Filetrans Function591983 -Node: Rewind Function596052 -Node: File Checking597439 -Node: Empty Files598533 -Node: Ignoring Assigns600763 -Node: Getopt Function602316 -Ref: Getopt Function-Footnote-1613619 -Node: Passwd Functions613822 -Ref: Passwd Functions-Footnote-1622797 -Node: Group Functions622885 -Node: Walking Arrays630969 -Node: Sample Programs633106 -Node: Running Examples633780 -Node: Clones634508 -Node: Cut Program635732 -Node: Egrep Program645577 -Ref: Egrep Program-Footnote-1653350 -Node: Id Program653460 -Node: Split Program657076 -Ref: Split Program-Footnote-1660595 -Node: Tee Program660723 -Node: Uniq Program663526 -Node: Wc Program670955 -Ref: Wc Program-Footnote-1675221 -Ref: Wc Program-Footnote-2675421 -Node: Miscellaneous Programs675513 -Node: Dupword Program676701 -Node: Alarm Program678732 -Node: Translate Program683539 -Ref: Translate Program-Footnote-1687926 -Ref: Translate Program-Footnote-2688174 -Node: Labels Program688308 -Ref: Labels Program-Footnote-1691679 -Node: Word Sorting691763 -Node: History Sorting695647 -Node: Extract Program697486 -Ref: Extract Program-Footnote-1704989 -Node: Simple Sed705117 -Node: Igawk Program708179 -Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-1723336 -Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-2723537 -Node: Anagram Program723675 -Node: Signature Program726743 -Node: Advanced Features727843 -Node: Nondecimal Data729729 -Node: Array Sorting731312 -Node: Controlling Array Traversal732009 -Node: Array Sorting Functions740293 -Ref: Array Sorting Functions-Footnote-1744162 -Node: Two-way I/O744356 -Ref: Two-way I/O-Footnote-1749788 -Node: TCP/IP Networking749858 -Node: Profiling752702 -Node: Internationalization760199 -Node: I18N and L10N761624 -Node: Explaining gettext762310 -Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-1767378 -Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-2767562 -Node: Programmer i18n767727 -Node: Translator i18n771929 -Node: String Extraction772722 -Ref: String Extraction-Footnote-1773683 -Node: Printf Ordering773769 -Ref: Printf Ordering-Footnote-1776553 -Node: I18N Portability776617 -Ref: I18N Portability-Footnote-1779066 -Node: I18N Example779129 -Ref: I18N Example-Footnote-1781767 -Node: Gawk I18N781839 -Node: Debugger782460 -Node: Debugging783431 -Node: Debugging Concepts783864 -Node: Debugging Terms785720 -Node: Awk Debugging788317 -Node: Sample Debugging Session789209 -Node: Debugger Invocation789729 -Node: Finding The Bug791061 -Node: List of Debugger Commands797549 -Node: Breakpoint Control798883 -Node: Debugger Execution Control802547 -Node: Viewing And Changing Data805907 -Node: Execution Stack809263 -Node: Debugger Info810730 -Node: Miscellaneous Debugger Commands814712 -Node: Readline Support819888 -Node: Limitations820719 -Node: Arbitrary Precision Arithmetic822971 -Ref: Arbitrary Precision Arithmetic-Footnote-1824620 -Node: General Arithmetic824768 -Node: Floating Point Issues826488 -Node: String Conversion Precision827369 -Ref: String Conversion Precision-Footnote-1829074 -Node: Unexpected Results829183 -Node: POSIX Floating Point Problems831336 -Ref: POSIX Floating Point Problems-Footnote-1835161 -Node: Integer Programming835199 -Node: Floating-point Programming836938 -Ref: Floating-point Programming-Footnote-1843269 -Ref: Floating-point Programming-Footnote-2843539 -Node: Floating-point Representation843803 -Node: Floating-point Context844968 -Ref: table-ieee-formats845807 -Node: Rounding Mode847191 -Ref: table-rounding-modes847670 -Ref: Rounding Mode-Footnote-1850685 -Node: Gawk and MPFR850864 -Node: Arbitrary Precision Floats852119 -Ref: Arbitrary Precision Floats-Footnote-1854562 -Node: Setting Precision854878 -Ref: table-predefined-precision-strings855564 -Node: Setting Rounding Mode857709 -Ref: table-gawk-rounding-modes858113 -Node: Floating-point Constants859300 -Node: Changing Precision860729 -Ref: Changing Precision-Footnote-1862126 -Node: Exact Arithmetic862300 -Node: Arbitrary Precision Integers865438 -Ref: Arbitrary Precision Integers-Footnote-1868456 -Node: Dynamic Extensions868603 -Node: Extension Intro870061 -Node: Plugin License871326 -Node: Extension Mechanism Outline872011 -Ref: load-extension872428 -Ref: load-new-function873906 -Ref: call-new-function874901 -Node: Extension API Description876916 -Node: Extension API Functions Introduction878129 -Node: General Data Types882995 -Ref: General Data Types-Footnote-1888597 -Node: Requesting Values888896 -Ref: table-value-types-returned889627 -Node: Constructor Functions890581 -Node: Registration Functions893601 -Node: Extension Functions894286 -Node: Exit Callback Functions896511 -Node: Extension Version String897760 -Node: Input Parsers898410 -Node: Output Wrappers908167 -Node: Two-way processors912677 -Node: Printing Messages914885 -Ref: Printing Messages-Footnote-1915962 -Node: Updating `ERRNO'916114 -Node: Accessing Parameters916853 -Node: Symbol Table Access918083 -Node: Symbol table by name918595 -Node: Symbol table by cookie920342 -Ref: Symbol table by cookie-Footnote-1924472 -Node: Cached values924535 -Ref: Cached values-Footnote-1927984 -Node: Array Manipulation928075 -Ref: Array Manipulation-Footnote-1929173 -Node: Array Data Types929212 -Ref: Array Data Types-Footnote-1931915 -Node: Array Functions932007 -Node: Flattening Arrays935773 -Node: Creating Arrays942625 -Node: Extension API Variables947350 -Node: Extension Versioning947986 -Node: Extension API Informational Variables949887 -Node: Extension API Boilerplate950973 -Node: Finding Extensions954777 -Node: Extension Example955337 -Node: Internal File Description956067 -Node: Internal File Ops960158 -Ref: Internal File Ops-Footnote-1971666 -Node: Using Internal File Ops971806 -Ref: Using Internal File Ops-Footnote-1974159 -Node: Extension Samples974425 -Node: Extension Sample File Functions975949 -Node: Extension Sample Fnmatch984434 -Node: Extension Sample Fork986160 -Node: Extension Sample Inplace987378 -Node: Extension Sample Ord989156 -Node: Extension Sample Readdir989992 -Node: Extension Sample Revout991524 -Node: Extension Sample Rev2way992117 -Node: Extension Sample Read write array992807 -Node: Extension Sample Readfile994690 -Node: Extension Sample API Tests995508 -Node: Extension Sample Time996033 -Node: gawkextlib997397 -Node: Language History1000178 -Node: V7/SVR3.11001771 -Node: SVR41004091 -Node: POSIX1005533 -Node: BTL1006919 -Node: POSIX/GNU1007653 -Node: Feature History1013252 -Node: Common Extensions1026216 -Node: Ranges and Locales1027528 -Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-11032146 -Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-21032173 -Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-31032433 -Node: Contributors1032654 -Node: Installation1037799 -Node: Gawk Distribution1038693 -Node: Getting1039177 -Node: Extracting1040003 -Node: Distribution contents1041695 -Node: Unix Installation1047400 -Node: Quick Installation1048017 -Node: Additional Configuration Options1050461 -Node: Configuration Philosophy1052197 -Node: Non-Unix Installation1054551 -Node: PC Installation1055009 -Node: PC Binary Installation1056308 -Node: PC Compiling1058156 -Node: PC Testing1061100 -Node: PC Using1062276 -Node: Cygwin1066461 -Node: MSYS1067461 -Node: VMS Installation1067975 -Node: VMS Compilation1068739 -Ref: VMS Compilation-Footnote-11070354 -Node: VMS Dynamic Extensions1070412 -Node: VMS Installation Details1071785 -Node: VMS Running1074032 -Node: VMS GNV1076866 -Node: VMS Old Gawk1077589 -Node: Bugs1078059 -Node: Other Versions1081977 -Node: Notes1088061 -Node: Compatibility Mode1088861 -Node: Additions1089644 -Node: Accessing The Source1090571 -Node: Adding Code1092011 -Node: New Ports1098056 -Node: Derived Files1102191 -Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-11107512 -Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-21107546 -Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-31108146 -Node: Future Extensions1108244 -Node: Implementation Limitations1108827 -Node: Extension Design1110079 -Node: Old Extension Problems1111233 -Ref: Old Extension Problems-Footnote-11112741 -Node: Extension New Mechanism Goals1112798 -Ref: Extension New Mechanism Goals-Footnote-11116163 -Node: Extension Other Design Decisions1116349 -Node: Extension Future Growth1118455 -Node: Old Extension Mechanism1119291 -Node: Basic Concepts1121031 -Node: Basic High Level1121712 -Ref: figure-general-flow1121983 -Ref: figure-process-flow1122582 -Ref: Basic High Level-Footnote-11125811 -Node: Basic Data Typing1125996 -Node: Glossary1129351 -Node: Copying1154813 -Node: GNU Free Documentation License1192370 -Node: Index1217507 +Ref: Auto-set-Footnote-1427119 +Ref: Auto-set-Footnote-2427324 +Node: ARGC and ARGV427380 +Node: Arrays431231 +Node: Array Basics432736 +Node: Array Intro433562 +Node: Reference to Elements437879 +Node: Assigning Elements440149 +Node: Array Example440640 +Node: Scanning an Array442372 +Node: Controlling Scanning444686 +Ref: Controlling Scanning-Footnote-1449773 +Node: Delete450089 +Ref: Delete-Footnote-1452854 +Node: Numeric Array Subscripts452911 +Node: Uninitialized Subscripts455094 +Node: Multidimensional456721 +Node: Multiscanning459814 +Node: Arrays of Arrays461403 +Node: Functions466043 +Node: Built-in466862 +Node: Calling Built-in467940 +Node: Numeric Functions469928 +Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-1473760 +Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-2474117 +Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-3474165 +Node: String Functions474434 +Ref: String Functions-Footnote-1497354 +Ref: String Functions-Footnote-2497483 +Ref: String Functions-Footnote-3497731 +Node: Gory Details497818 +Ref: table-sub-escapes499497 +Ref: table-sub-posix-92500851 +Ref: table-sub-proposed502202 +Ref: table-posix-sub503556 +Ref: table-gensub-escapes505101 +Ref: Gory Details-Footnote-1506277 +Ref: Gory Details-Footnote-2506328 +Node: I/O Functions506479 +Ref: I/O Functions-Footnote-1513464 +Node: Time Functions513611 +Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-1524544 +Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-2524612 +Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-3524770 +Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-4524881 +Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-5524993 +Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-6525220 +Node: Bitwise Functions525486 +Ref: table-bitwise-ops526048 +Ref: Bitwise Functions-Footnote-1530269 +Node: Type Functions530453 +Node: I18N Functions531604 +Node: User-defined533231 +Node: Definition Syntax534035 +Ref: Definition Syntax-Footnote-1538945 +Node: Function Example539014 +Node: Function Caveats541608 +Node: Calling A Function542029 +Node: Variable Scope543144 +Node: Pass By Value/Reference546107 +Node: Return Statement549615 +Node: Dynamic Typing552596 +Node: Indirect Calls553527 +Node: Library Functions563212 +Ref: Library Functions-Footnote-1566725 +Ref: Library Functions-Footnote-2566868 +Node: Library Names567039 +Ref: Library Names-Footnote-1570510 +Ref: Library Names-Footnote-2570730 +Node: General Functions570816 +Node: Strtonum Function571844 +Node: Assert Function574774 +Node: Round Function578100 +Node: Cliff Random Function579643 +Node: Ordinal Functions580659 +Ref: Ordinal Functions-Footnote-1583731 +Ref: Ordinal Functions-Footnote-2583983 +Node: Join Function584192 +Ref: Join Function-Footnote-1585963 +Node: Getlocaltime Function586163 +Node: Readfile Function589904 +Node: Data File Management591743 +Node: Filetrans Function592375 +Node: Rewind Function596444 +Node: File Checking597831 +Node: Empty Files598925 +Node: Ignoring Assigns601155 +Node: Getopt Function602708 +Ref: Getopt Function-Footnote-1614011 +Node: Passwd Functions614214 +Ref: Passwd Functions-Footnote-1623189 +Node: Group Functions623277 +Node: Walking Arrays631361 +Node: Sample Programs633498 +Node: Running Examples634172 +Node: Clones634900 +Node: Cut Program636124 +Node: Egrep Program645969 +Ref: Egrep Program-Footnote-1653742 +Node: Id Program653852 +Node: Split Program657468 +Ref: Split Program-Footnote-1660987 +Node: Tee Program661115 +Node: Uniq Program663918 +Node: Wc Program671347 +Ref: Wc Program-Footnote-1675613 +Ref: Wc Program-Footnote-2675813 +Node: Miscellaneous Programs675905 +Node: Dupword Program677093 +Node: Alarm Program679124 +Node: Translate Program683931 +Ref: Translate Program-Footnote-1688318 +Ref: Translate Program-Footnote-2688566 +Node: Labels Program688700 +Ref: Labels Program-Footnote-1692071 +Node: Word Sorting692155 +Node: History Sorting696039 +Node: Extract Program697878 +Ref: Extract Program-Footnote-1705381 +Node: Simple Sed705509 +Node: Igawk Program708571 +Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-1723728 +Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-2723929 +Node: Anagram Program724067 +Node: Signature Program727135 +Node: Advanced Features728235 +Node: Nondecimal Data730121 +Node: Array Sorting731704 +Node: Controlling Array Traversal732401 +Node: Array Sorting Functions740685 +Ref: Array Sorting Functions-Footnote-1744554 +Node: Two-way I/O744748 +Ref: Two-way I/O-Footnote-1750180 +Node: TCP/IP Networking750250 +Node: Profiling753094 +Node: Internationalization760591 +Node: I18N and L10N762016 +Node: Explaining gettext762702 +Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-1767770 +Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-2767954 +Node: Programmer i18n768119 +Node: Translator i18n772321 +Node: String Extraction773114 +Ref: String Extraction-Footnote-1774075 +Node: Printf Ordering774161 +Ref: 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Unexpected Results829575 +Node: POSIX Floating Point Problems831728 +Ref: POSIX Floating Point Problems-Footnote-1835553 +Node: Integer Programming835591 +Node: Floating-point Programming837330 +Ref: Floating-point Programming-Footnote-1843661 +Ref: Floating-point Programming-Footnote-2843931 +Node: Floating-point Representation844195 +Node: Floating-point Context845360 +Ref: table-ieee-formats846199 +Node: Rounding Mode847583 +Ref: table-rounding-modes848062 +Ref: Rounding Mode-Footnote-1851077 +Node: Gawk and MPFR851256 +Node: Arbitrary Precision Floats852511 +Ref: Arbitrary Precision Floats-Footnote-1854954 +Node: Setting Precision855270 +Ref: table-predefined-precision-strings855956 +Node: Setting Rounding Mode858101 +Ref: table-gawk-rounding-modes858505 +Node: Floating-point Constants859692 +Node: Changing Precision861121 +Ref: Changing Precision-Footnote-1862518 +Node: Exact Arithmetic862692 +Node: Arbitrary Precision Integers865830 +Ref: Arbitrary Precision 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by cookie-Footnote-1924864 +Node: Cached values924927 +Ref: Cached values-Footnote-1928376 +Node: Array Manipulation928467 +Ref: Array Manipulation-Footnote-1929565 +Node: Array Data Types929604 +Ref: Array Data Types-Footnote-1932307 +Node: Array Functions932399 +Node: Flattening Arrays936165 +Node: Creating Arrays943017 +Node: Extension API Variables947742 +Node: Extension Versioning948378 +Node: Extension API Informational Variables950279 +Node: Extension API Boilerplate951365 +Node: Finding Extensions955169 +Node: Extension Example955729 +Node: Internal File Description956459 +Node: Internal File Ops960550 +Ref: Internal File Ops-Footnote-1972058 +Node: Using Internal File Ops972198 +Ref: Using Internal File Ops-Footnote-1974551 +Node: Extension Samples974817 +Node: Extension Sample File Functions976341 +Node: Extension Sample Fnmatch984826 +Node: Extension Sample Fork986552 +Node: Extension Sample Inplace987770 +Node: Extension Sample Ord989548 +Node: Extension Sample 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Installation1055401 +Node: PC Binary Installation1056700 +Node: PC Compiling1058548 +Node: PC Testing1061492 +Node: PC Using1062668 +Node: Cygwin1066853 +Node: MSYS1067853 +Node: VMS Installation1068367 +Node: VMS Compilation1069131 +Ref: VMS Compilation-Footnote-11070746 +Node: VMS Dynamic Extensions1070804 +Node: VMS Installation Details1072177 +Node: VMS Running1074424 +Node: VMS GNV1077258 +Node: VMS Old Gawk1077981 +Node: Bugs1078451 +Node: Other Versions1082369 +Node: Notes1088453 +Node: Compatibility Mode1089253 +Node: Additions1090036 +Node: Accessing The Source1090963 +Node: Adding Code1092403 +Node: New Ports1098448 +Node: Derived Files1102583 +Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-11107904 +Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-21107938 +Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-31108538 +Node: Future Extensions1108636 +Node: Implementation Limitations1109219 +Node: Extension Design1110471 +Node: Old Extension Problems1111625 +Ref: Old Extension Problems-Footnote-11113133 +Node: Extension New Mechanism Goals1113190 +Ref: Extension New Mechanism Goals-Footnote-11116555 +Node: Extension Other Design Decisions1116741 +Node: Extension Future Growth1118847 +Node: Old Extension Mechanism1119683 +Node: Basic Concepts1121423 +Node: Basic High Level1122104 +Ref: figure-general-flow1122375 +Ref: figure-process-flow1122974 +Ref: Basic High Level-Footnote-11126203 +Node: Basic Data Typing1126388 +Node: Glossary1129743 +Node: Copying1155205 +Node: GNU Free Documentation License1192762 +Node: Index1217899 End Tag Table |