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Diffstat (limited to 'doc/gawk.1')
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/gawk.1 | 109 |
1 files changed, 74 insertions, 35 deletions
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ .ds PX \s-1POSIX\s+1 .ds UX \s-1UNIX\s+1 .ds AN \s-1ANSI\s+1 -.TH GAWK 1 "Dec 28 1995" "Free Software Foundation" "Utility Commands" +.TH GAWK 1 "Dec 09 1996" "Free Software Foundation" "Utility Commands" .SH NAME gawk \- pattern scanning and processing language .SH SYNOPSIS @@ -63,12 +63,7 @@ options are supplied via arguments to the .B \-W option. Multiple .B \-W -options may be supplied, or multiple arguments may be supplied together -if they are separated by commas, or enclosed in quotes and separated -by white space. -Case is ignored in arguments to the -.B \-W -option. +options may be supplied Each .B \-W option has a corresponding long option, as detailed below. @@ -125,10 +120,10 @@ Multiple options may be used. .TP .PD 0 -.BI \-mf= NNN +.BI \-mf " NNN" .TP .PD -.BI \-mr= NNN +.BI \-mr " NNN" Set various memory limits to the value .IR NNN . The @@ -182,7 +177,7 @@ below, for more information. .PD .B \-\^\-copyright Print the short version of the GNU copyright information message on -the error output. +the standard output, and exits successfully. .TP .PD 0 .B "\-W help" @@ -196,7 +191,7 @@ the error output. .PD .B \-\^\-usage Print a relatively short summary of the available options on -the error output. +the standard output. (Per the .IR "GNU Coding Standards" , these options cause an immediate, successful exit.) @@ -245,6 +240,11 @@ mode, with the following additional restrictions: escape sequences are not recognized. .TP \(bu +Only space and tab act as field separators when +.B FS +is set to a single space, newline does not. +.TP +\(bu The synonym .B func for the keyword @@ -306,14 +306,6 @@ and options) with source code entered on the command line. It is intended primarily for medium to large AWK programs used in shell scripts. -.sp .5 -The -.B "\-W source=" -form of this option uses the rest of the command line argument for -.IR program-text ; -no other options to -.B \-W -will be recognized in the same argument. .TP .PD 0 .B "\-W version" @@ -322,7 +314,7 @@ will be recognized in the same argument. .B \-\^\-version Print version information for this particular copy of .I gawk -on the error output. +on the standard output. This is useful mainly for knowing if the current copy of .I gawk on your system @@ -504,7 +496,10 @@ is expected to be a full regular expression. In the special case that .B FS is a single space, fields are separated -by runs of spaces and/or tabs. +by runs of spaces and/or tabs and/or newlines. +(But see the discussion of +.BR \-\-posix , +below). Note that the value of .B IGNORECASE (see below) will also affect how fields are split when @@ -561,6 +556,12 @@ cause the value of to be recomputed, with the fields being separated by the value of .BR OFS . References to negative numbered fields cause a fatal error. +Decrementing +.B NF +causes the values of fields past the new value to be lost, and the value of +.B $0 +to be recomputed, with the fields being separated by the value of +.BR OFS . .SS Built-in Variables .PP .IR Gawk 's @@ -1017,8 +1018,7 @@ character list, matches any of the characters .TP .BI [^ abc... ] negated character list, matches any character except -.I abc... -and newline. +.IR abc... . .TP .IB r1 | r2 alternation: matches either @@ -1203,16 +1203,23 @@ or .BR h . .TP Equivalence Classes -An equivalence class is a list of equivalent characters enclosed in +An equivalence class is a locale-specific name for a list of +characters that are equivalent. The name is enclosed in .B [= and .BR =] . -Thus, -.B [[=ee\`=]] -is regexp that matches either +For example, the name .B e +might be used to represent all of +``e,'' ``e\`,'' and ``e\`.'' +In this case, +.B [[=e]] +is a regexp +that matches any of + .BR e , + .BR e\' , or -.B e\` . + .BR e\` . .PP These features are very valuable in non-English speaking locales. The library functions that @@ -1415,7 +1422,7 @@ set Set .I var from next input record; set -.BR NF , +.BR NR , .BR FNR . .TP .BI getline " var" " <" file @@ -1800,7 +1807,9 @@ returns the arctangent of in radians. .TP .BI cos( expr ) -returns the cosine in radians. +returns the cosine of +.IR expr , +which is in radians. .TP .BI exp( expr ) the exponential function. @@ -1815,7 +1824,9 @@ the natural logarithm function. returns a random number between 0 and 1. .TP .BI sin( expr ) -returns the sine in radians. +returns the sine of +.IR expr , +which is in radians. .TP .BI sqrt( expr ) the square root function. @@ -2387,10 +2398,19 @@ argument to the option is ``t'', then .B FS will be set to the tab character. +Note that typing +.B "gawk \-F\et \&..." +simply causes the shell to quote the ``t,'', and does not pass +``\et'' to the +.B \-F +option. Since this is a rather ugly special case, it is not the default behavior. This behavior also does not occur if .B \-\^\-posix has been specified. +To really get a tab character as the field separator, it is best to use +quotes: +.BR "gawk \-F'\et' \&..." . .ig .PP If @@ -2512,13 +2532,10 @@ Syntactically invalid single character programs tend to overflow the parse stack, generating a rather unhelpful message. Such programs are surprisingly difficult to diagnose in the completely general case, and the effort to do so really is not worth it. -.PP -The word ``GNU'' is incorrectly capitalized in at least one file -in the source code. .SH VERSION INFORMATION This man page documents .IR gawk , -version 3.0. +version 3.0.1. .SH AUTHORS The original version of \*(UX .I awk @@ -2580,3 +2597,25 @@ addresses given above. Brian Kernighan of Bell Labs provided valuable assistance during testing and debugging. We thank him. +.SH COPYING PERMISSIONS +Copyright \(co) 1996 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +.PP +Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of +this manual page provided the copyright notice and this permission +notice are preserved on all copies. +.ig +Permission is granted to process this file through troff and print the +results, provided the printed document carries copying permission +notice identical to this one except for the removal of this paragraph +(this paragraph not being relevant to the printed manual page). +.. +.PP +Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this +manual page under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that +the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a +permission notice identical to this one. +.PP +Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this +manual page into another language, under the above conditions for +modified versions, except that this permission notice may be stated in +a translation approved by the Foundation. |